Deck 5: Play in Childhood

Question 1

The primary cognitive play type of infants and toddlers is:

A)construction play.
B)functional play.
C)solitary play.
D)parallel play.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Some of the best toys for language learning are:

A)sand box toys.
B)water play toys.
C)blocks.
D)telephones.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

David Elkind emphasizes play's role in the lives of children and adults as a way of

A)developing cognitive development
B)dealing with and reducing stress.
C)evaluating one's physical skills.
D)increasing stress and anxiety.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Froebel defined play as

A)free of consequences,light fashion,and the opposite of work.
B)the natural unfolding of the germinal leaves of childhood
C)process oriented.
D)dealing with unreachable wants and engaging in rule-bound behavior.

Question 5

Which is not one of Garvey's four different types of play with language?

A)Play with sounds and noises
B)Play with the linguistic system
C)Adult-planned rhyming and word play
D)Play with convention of speech

Question 6

Play supports intellectual growth by doing all of the following except

A)leading to conceptual development.
B)developing problem-solving skills.
C)mastering abstract symbolism.
D)developing fine motor skills.

Question 7

Play supports language and literacy development by

A)enhancing oral and written language skills.
B)decreasing opportunities to use newspapers,magazines,and books.
C)reducing children's access to written materials.
D)supporting individual and solitary activities.

Question 8

Children use ____ in activities that strengthen fine motor development.

A)large muscles
B)gross muscles
C)thigh muscles
D)small muscles

Question 9

Mildred Parten's social play can be identified by all of the following except

A)solitary play.
B)parallel play.
C)assertive play.
D)cooperative play.

Question 10

When children engage in parallel play,they:

A)play beside,but not with other children.
B)play with,but not beside other children.
C)play in adjacent centers or play spaces.
D)play with little awareness of children around them.

Question 11

Piaget's cognitive play categories include all of the following except

A)functional play.
B)games with rules.
C)solitary play.
D)dramatic play.

Question 12

Sigmund Freud has contributed to the psychoanalytic theory of play through his suggestions that play

A)is motivated by the pleasure principle.
B)is reinforced by brain activity.
C)is motivated by rewards and punishments.
D)has no significant therapeutic value.

Question 13

Jerome Bruner described play as

A)a less risky situation for learning without fear of failure and a time when children can try combinations of behavior without pressure or anxiety.
B)a time to shy away from interacting with others because of fear of failure and anxiety.
C)an unimportant experience given to children by adults who wish to keep children busy.
D)a very risky situation where children feel pressure and anxiety when testing out combinations of behavior.

Question 14

Children use ____ in activities that strengthen gross motor development.

A)large muscles
B)fingers
C)small muscles
D)fine muscles

Question 15

Contemporary theories on why children play are identified as all of the following except

A)psychoanalytic theory.
B)surplus energy theory.
C)play as arousal seeking.
D)cognitive structures.

Question 16

John Dewey described play as

A)free of consequences,light fashion,and the opposite of work.
B)the natural unfolding of the germinal leaves of childhood
C)process oriented.
D)dealing with unreachable wants and engaging in rule-bound behavior.

Question 17

Erik Erikson defined play as

A)free of consequences,light fashion,and the opposite of work.
B)dealing with unreachable wants and engaging in rule-bound behavior.
C)the natural unfolding of the germinal leaves of childhood
D)process oriented

Question 18

Play can be characterized by all of the following except

A)active.
B)child selected and a suspension of reality.
C)adult directed and product oriented.
D)process oriented.

Question 19

Play facilitates social skill development by supporting all of the following except

A)social roles.
B)increase in solitary play.
C)decreasing egocentrism.
D)understanding the rules of social interaction.

Question 20

Classical theories on why children play are identified as all of the following except

A)surplus energy theory.
B)relaxation theory.
C)pre-exercise theory.
D)psychoanalytic theory.

Question 21

Time and energy must be spent in carefully planning environments for children to have adequate play materials and play space..

Question 22

The early care and learning professional's role in supporting play can be defined as

A)creating and directing children's play experiences.
B)preparing play environments.
C)creating an environment where children can engage in abstract academic work.
D)limiting children's access to toys and equipment.

Question 23

It is often difficult to convince others of the value of play.

Question 24

Families can encourage play at home by doing all of the following except:

A)discussing television programs with their children.
B)providing time to play.
C)supply play materials.
D)find play partners.

Question 25

Play,according to Bruner,is an opportunity for stress reduction.

Question 26

Define cooperative play.

Question 27

Quality play experiences are those in which the child chooses to participate.

Question 28

Why are many children today play deprived?

Question 29

There are two categories that organize the theory of play: classical and cooperative.

Question 30

It is developmentally appropriate for infants to engage in solitary play.

Question 31

Adults should provide guidance in childhood play by intervening whenever possible.

Question 32

Emotional development is supported by play when it helps children

A)master emotional issues and helps children build self-concepts.
B)acquire large motor skills.
C)learn new mathematical concepts and skills.
D)master eye-hand coordination.

Question 33

Adults can guide children's play in all of the following ways except

A)parallel play.
B)co-playing.
C)play inference.
D)play tutoring.

Question 34

Dramatic play is an important foundation for later academic learning.

Question 35

The type of social play most toddlers would engage in is:

A)solitary play
B)parallel play
C)cooperative play
D)competitive play

Question 36

What is the surplus energy theory of play?

Question 37

According to the psychoanalytic theory,play is motivated by the pressure to succeed.

Question 38

Describe a young child engaging in construction play.

Question 39

What are metacommunication statements in play?

Question 40

Identify two types of toys that stimulate language learning.

Question 41

Choose one area of child development (cognitive,social,emotional,language,physical)and describe how play facilitates that component of the child's life.Use examples to highlight the points you make.

Question 42

Why is play such a difficult concept to define? Is it important to do so? Does it matter to you as an early care and education professional or to children themselves?

Question 43

The surplus energy theory is being used when parents suggest that children go outside and play to "get rid of all that extra energy." It makes sense as a rationale for why children play.Describe what you see to be the strengths and limitations of this theory.

Question 44

What can you do to make sure that all children engage in quality play experiences?

Question 45

In an ideal world,adults would simply provide the materials and allow adequate time for quality play and just sit back and watch it happen.Many times today,that is not enough.Early care and learning professionals must intervene to guide and enrich play.Why?

Question 46

Many families and early learning professionals say that children today play less (and less creatively)than they did even a few short years ago.Describe why this,in fact,may be happening.Why are many children playing less today?