Deck 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Question 1

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) D
D) C
E) A
Hepatic portal vein.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Figure 19.1
Using Figure 19.1, match the following:

A) A
B) B
C) C
Capillary that have a discontinuous,incomplete basement membrane.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Match the following:

A) External iliac artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Celiac trunk
E) Radial artery
Gives rise to the right common carotid and right subclavian artery.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Figure 19.1
Using Figure 19.1, match the following:

A) A
B) B
C) C
Capillary found where active capillary absorption of filtrate occurs.

Question 5

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) D
D) C
E) A
Splenic vein.

Question 6

Figure 19.1
Using Figure 19.1, match the following:

A) A
B) B
C) C
Sinusoid capillary.

Question 7

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Supplies the duodenum and stomach.

Question 8

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Supplies the distal areas of the large intestine.

Question 9

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) D
D) C
E) A
Superior mesenteric vein.

Question 10

Match the following:

A) External iliac artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Celiac trunk
E) Radial artery
Supplies a lower limb.

Question 11

Figure 19.1
Using Figure 19.1, match the following:

A) A
B) B
C) C
Capillary found in endocrine organs that allows hormones to gain rapid entry into the blood.

Question 12

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Largest artery of the body.

Question 13

Figure 19.1
Using Figure 19.1, match the following:

A) A
B) B
C) C
Capillary with intercellular clefts found in the skin and muscles.

Question 14

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) D
D) C
E) A
Right gastroepiploic vein.

Question 15

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Artery that does not anastomose.

Question 16

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:

A) E
B) B
C) D
D) C
E) A
Inferior mesenteric vein.

Question 17

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Supplies pelvic structures.

Question 18

Match the following:

A) Inferior mesenteric artery
B) Internal iliac artery
C) Common hepatic artery
D) Renal artery
E) Aorta
Supplies the kidney.

Question 19

Match the following:

A) External iliac artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Celiac trunk
E) Radial artery
Common site to take the pulse.

Question 20

Match the following:

A) External iliac artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Celiac trunk
E) Radial artery
Major supply to the cerebral hemispheres.

Question 21

Match the following:

A) Circulatory shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Vascular shock
Results from heart inability to sustain adequate circulation due to myocardial damage.

Question 22

Match the following:

A) Superior mesenteric artery
B) Brachial artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Femoral artery
E) Great saphenous vein
Carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.

Question 23

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where exchanges of food and gases are made.

Question 24

Match the following:

A) Superior mesenteric artery
B) Brachial artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Femoral artery
E) Great saphenous vein
Supplies the small intestine.

Question 25

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site that is the major determinant of peripheral resistance.

Question 26

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where the blood volume is greatest.

Question 27

Match the following:

A) Superior mesenteric artery
B) Brachial artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Femoral artery
E) Great saphenous vein
Artery usually ausculated to take the blood pressure.

Question 28

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where the velocity of blood flow is fastest.

Question 29

Match the following:

A) Superior mesenteric artery
B) Brachial artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Femoral artery
E) Great saphenous vein
Vessel commonly used as a coronary bypass vessel.

Question 30

Match the following:

A) External iliac artery
B) Internal carotid artery
C) Brachiocephalic trunk
D) Celiac trunk
E) Radial artery
Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver,stomach,and spleen.

Question 31

Match the following:

A) External jugular vein
B) Pulmonary trunk
C) Superior vena cava
D) Subclavian vein
E) Axillary artery
Carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.

Question 32

Match the following:

A) External jugular vein
B) Pulmonary trunk
C) Superior vena cava
D) Subclavian vein
E) Axillary artery
Drains the scalp.

Question 33

Match the following:

A) External jugular vein
B) Pulmonary trunk
C) Superior vena cava
D) Subclavian vein
E) Axillary artery
Drains an upper extremity,a deep vein.

Question 34

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where the velocity of blood flow is slowest.

Question 35

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where resistance to blood flow is greatest.

Question 36

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where blood pressure is lowest.

Question 37

Match the following:

A) External jugular vein
B) Pulmonary trunk
C) Superior vena cava
D) Subclavian vein
E) Axillary artery
Runs through the armpit area,giving off branches to the axillae,chest wall,and shoulder girdle.

Question 38

Match the following:

A) External jugular vein
B) Pulmonary trunk
C) Superior vena cava
D) Subclavian vein
E) Axillary artery
Receives blood from all areas superior to the diaphragm,except the heart wall.

Question 39

Match the following:

A) Large arteries
B) Large veins
C) Capillaries
D) Large arteries
E) Arterioles
Site where the blood pressure is greatest.

Question 40

Match the following:

A) Superior mesenteric artery
B) Brachial artery
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Femoral artery
E) Great saphenous vein
Major artery of the thigh.

Question 41

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

A) epinephrine
B) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) angiotensin II
D) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 42

Arteries supplying the same territory are often merged with one another,forming arterial anastomoses.

Question 43

An increase in blood viscosity will cause an increase in peripheral resistance.

Question 44

Match the following:

A) Circulatory shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Vascular shock
Due to large-scale blood loss.

Question 45

The pulmonary circulation does not directly serve the metabolic needs of body tissues.

Question 46

If a person stands up suddenly from the prone (lying)position they may feel a sudden dizzy or lightheadedness.Which of the following is the least likely physiological response to this situation?

A) increased sympathetic output to the heart
B) faster heart rate and greater heart contractility
C) increased parasympathetic nerve impulses to the heart
D) increasing peripheral resistance due to vasoconstriction

Question 47

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one.Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

A) increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance
B) higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure
C) increased risk of developing atherosclerosis
D) lower heart rate and reduced blood flow

Question 48

If a person were to have substantial blood loss you would expect to see all of the following physiological events to except one.Select the least likely response to substantial blood loss.

A) increasing vasomotor tone
B) decreased heart rate
C) increases peripheral resistance
D) a weak, thread pulse

Question 49

Arterial pressure in the pulmonary circulation is much higher than in the systemic circulation because of its proximity to the heart.

Question 50

Match the following:

A) Circulatory shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Vascular shock
Due to inadequate blood flow to meet tissue needs.

Question 51

The carotid sinus reflex protects the blood supply to the brain,whereas the aortic reflex is more concerned with maintaining adequate blood pressure in the systemic circuit as a whole.

Question 52

Which of the following would not be expected from taking a diuretic drug?

A) decreased blood pressure
B) greater stress on the heart to provide adequate perfusion
C) increased urine output
D) lower plasma volume

Question 53

A drug that restricts the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)would like result in all of the following physiologic changes but one.Which of the following is the least likely to result from a drug blocking ACE activity?

A) decreased peripheral resistance due to decreases vasomotor tone
B) lower levels of circulating aldosterone and lowered sodium reabsorption
C) increased thirst and higher blood volume
D) increased urine output due to reduction in circulating antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 54

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Question 55

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ________.

A) increasing hydrostatic pressure and blood volume, blood pressure increases
B) decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and edema will occur
C) increasing hydrostatic pressure and edema will occur
D) decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and blood volume, blood pressure increases

Question 56

Match the following:

A) Circulatory shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Vascular shock
Normal blood volume but poor circulation due to extreme vasodilation.

Question 57

Whereas diffusion is more important for solute exchange between plasma and interstitial fluid,bulk flow is more important for regulation of the relative volumes of blood and interstitial fluid.

Question 58

The adjustment of blood flow to each tissue in proportion to its requirements at any point in time is termed autoregulation.

Question 59

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)is an arterial anastomosis.

Question 60

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Question 61

Which statement best describes arteries?

A) Only large arteries are lined with endothelium.
B) All contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood.
C) All carry blood away from the heart.
D) All carry oxygenated blood to the heart.

Question 62

Which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign?

A) increased heart rate
B) cold, clammy skin
C) rapidly falling blood pressure
D) rapid, thready pulse

Question 63

Which of the following is most likely to occur in the arteriovenous shuts present in the blood vessels of the finger tips and toes?

A) Exercise will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.
B) Warmer temperatures will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.
C) Colder temperatures will result in vasodilation in the arteriovenous shuts.
D) Colder temperatures will result in vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shuts.

Question 64

Which of the following would have the least influence on blood pressure?

A) peripheral resistance
B) cardiac output
C) white blood cell count
D) blood volume

Question 65

Which of the following would not promote filtration from the arteriole end of the capillary bed?

A) increasing blood pressure
B) reducing hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial fluid
C) increasing plasma protein concentration
D) relaxing precapillary sphincters

Question 66

The pulse pressure is ________.

A) systolic pressure divided by diastolic pressure
B) systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure
C) diastolic pressure plus 1/3 (systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure)
D) systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure

Question 67

Which of the following would not promote reabsorption from the venous end of the capillary bed?

A) increasing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid
B) decreasing hydrostatic pressure of the blood.
C) reducing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid
D) increasing solute concentration in the plasma of the circulating blood

Question 68

The velocity and pressure of blood is slowest and lowest in the capillary beds.Which of the following is not an accurate description of the benefits of slow,low pressure blood in the capillary beds?

A) Lower pressure on the venus end of the capillary bed allows for greater reabsorption of fluid back to the plasma.
B) Slower blood flow through capillaries allows more time for diffusion to take place in the capillary bed.
C) Lower pressure in the capillary bed helps to increase pressure in the venus circulation.
D) Lower pressure reduces the chance of injury to delicate capillary vessels.

Question 69

Which of the following best describes the benefit of the vasomotion process?

A) It provides a balance between adequate perfusion to all of the tissues while maintaining blood's pressure.
B) It allows for rapid increase in blood flow to vital organs during fight or flight response.
C) It decreases hydrostatic pressure while also increasing osmotic pressure to enhance reabsorption.
D) It lowers blood's pressure by reducing the distribution of blood flow to all of the tissues in the capillary bed.

Question 70

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

A) They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.
B) They increase or decrease rates of perfusion to the tissues served by the true capillaries.
C) They allow blood to bypass the true capillaries that are fed by the metarteriole.
D) They regulate the flow of blood to tissues served by the true capillaries.

Question 71

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one.Which of the following does not describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

A) It will result in higher sodium levels in the urine.
B) It promotes an increase in blood pressure.
C) It promotes an increase in sodium reabsorption from the kidney to the blood.
D) It will reduce urine output.

Question 72

Which of the following chemicals effects blood pressure for both the short and long term?

A) atrial natriuretic peptide
B) angiotensin II
C) nitric acid
D) aldosterone

Question 73

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole.Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

A) Smooth muscle is relatively thin in the aorta to increase lumen size and systemic blood flow.
B) Elastic fibers are extensive in the tunica media of the aorta and dampen the pulse pressure generated by the heart.
C) The aorta's tunica media is thick with dense regular connective tissue to withstand the blood's pressure.
D) The tunica external of the aorta is nearly absent compared to other vessels.

Question 74

In general it is expected that ________.

A) osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
B) hydrostatic pressure will rise as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed
C) hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed
D) hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed

Question 75

In general it is expected that ________.

A) hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed
B) osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
C) osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
D) osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed

Question 76

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.

A) capillaries
B) arterioles
C) veins
D) arteries

Question 77

In the brain the fluid that filters out of capillaries is highly regulated.You would expect to see ________ feeding the brain.

A) continuous capillaries, with no intercellular clefts
B) sinusoid capillaries, with incomplete basement membrane
C) fenestrated capillaries, with thin diaphragms made of extracellular glycoproteins
D) metarterioles leading directly to thoroughfare cannels

Question 78

Which of the following statements regarding the hepatic portal system is false?

A) Its major vessels are the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and splenic veins.
B) It consists of a vein connecting two capillary beds together.
C) It carries nutrients, toxins, and microorganisms to the liver for processing.
D) It branches off of the inferior vena cava.

Question 79

The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.

A) elastic arteries
B) arterioles
C) muscular arteries
D) capillaries

Question 80

In red bone marrow newly formed blood cells enter the circulation.You would expect to see many ________ type of capillaries in red bone marrow.

A) metarterioles
B) continuous capillaries
C) sinusoid capillaries
D) fenestrated capillaries