Deck 8: Improving Nutrition, Weight Control and Diet, Exercise and Safety

Question 1

Fibre is a nutrient used in metabolism.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Match the following classification of food components (a-e) with an example or description listed in items
Fruits and vegetables such as spinach, broccoli, cantaloupe or apricots contain beta?carotene which the body converts to one of these

A)carbohydrates
B)lipids
C)proteins
D)vitamins
E)minerals

Answer 2

vitamins

Question 3

The most common reason people give for not exercising is that they simply don't have the time.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Driver education courses are the single most important factor in reducing traffic accidents.

Question 5

Match the following weight loss techniques (a-e) with their descriptions in items
Plagued by high drop?out rates and producing small weight loss unless combined with competitions.

A)Weight Watchers
B)Atkins Diet
C)Behavioural techniques
D)Bariatric surgery
E)Worksite weight?loss programs

Question 6

Individuals who lose weight and regain it will find it easier to subsequently lose weight again.

Question 7

High density lipoproteins (HDL) are associated with a decreased likelihood of the build-up of fatty plaque in blood vessels.

Question 8

Sean eats animal meats at every meal, whereas Malala eats a diet richin fruits, fibre and
vegetables.Considering their eating patterns, it is likely that Malala is at a lower risk for cancer
than is Sean.

Question 9

The total number of years lost from unintentional and intentional injuries combined is the same as the total number of years lost from heart disease, cancer and stroke combined.

Question 10

Match the following classification of food components (a-e) with an example or description listed in items
Cholesterol

A)carbohydrates
B)lipids
C)proteins
D)vitamins
E)minerals

Question 11

Continuous exercise requiring high levels of oxygen is called aerobic exercise.

Question 12

Match the following weight loss techniques (a-e) with their descriptions in items
The most drastic medical treatment for obesity.

A)Weight Watchers
B)Atkins Diet
C)Behavioural techniques
D)Bariatric surgery
E)Worksite weight?loss programs

Question 13

Match the following weight loss techniques (a-e) with their descriptions in items
With the exception of medical treatments, some of the most effective methods for losing weight.

A)Weight Watchers
B)Atkins Diet
C)Behavioural techniques
D)Bariatric surgery
E)Worksite weight?loss programs

Question 14

Match the following classification of food components (a-e) with an example or description listed in items
Calcium and potassium

A)carbohydrates
B)lipids
C)proteins
D)vitamins
E)minerals

Question 15

Carl who was overweight as a child and adolescent is equally likely to be an obese adult as his wife Voula, who was trim in her youth but gained weight during pregnancy.

Question 16

Match the following classification of food components (a-e) with an example or description listed in items
Composed of amino acids

A)carbohydrates
B)lipids
C)proteins
D)vitamins
E)minerals

Question 17

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by binge eating followed by purging.

Question 18

Match the following weight loss techniques (a-e) with their descriptions in items
A self-help approach that uses behavioural techniques, nutritional information, and group meetings

A)Weight Watchers
B)Atkins Diet
C)Behavioural techniques
D)Bariatric surgery
E)Worksite weight?loss programs

Question 19

Match the following weight loss techniques (a-e) with their descriptions in items
A fad diet

A)Weight Watchers
B)Atkins Diet
C)Behavioural techniques
D)Bariatric surgery
E)Worksite weight?loss programs

Question 20

Match the following classification of food components (a-e) with an example or description listed in items
Glucose and lactose

A)carbohydrates
B)lipids
C)proteins
D)vitamins
E)minerals

Question 21

Which of the following is not considered a nutrient?

A)fats
B)proteins
C)fibre
D)minerals

Question 22

High fat and low fibre diets are particularly associated with cancer of the

A)liver
B)colon
C)throat
D)stomach

Question 23

The dietary substance most strongly associated with hypertension is

A)cholesterol.
B)sodium.
C)caffeine.
D)fibre.

Question 24

Cholesterol level in the blood is influenced by

A)diet.
B)heredity.
C) smoking.
D)all of the above.

Question 25

Jin has decided to protect his health by taking large doses of vitamins A & D.This is a ___ idea since large amounts of these vitamins _____.

A)good; have proven to be cures for some cancers
B)bad; may harm the liver and kidneys
C) good; are aphrodisiacs
D)bad; are only excreted as waste

Question 26

Early studies found that diets rich in _____ are associated with lower cancer risk.This finding is not _____.

A)fat; supported
B)beta-carotene; definitive
C)lipids; supported
D)sodium; definitive

Question 27

Calcium and iron are classified as

A)inorganic proteins.
B)amino acids.
C)lipids.
D)minerals.

Question 28

How might an individual reduce his/her serum LDL levels?

A)Use vegetable oils containing coconut or palm oil.
B)Avoid polyunsaturated oils and consume only saturated fats.
C)Eat more eggs at breakfast.
D)Substitute monounsaturated fats for other fats in the diet.

Question 29

The main dietary contributor to atherosclerosis is

A)salt.
B)caffeine.
C)cholesterol.
D)fibre.

Question 30

Which cultural group avoids eating dietary fat the most?

A)Canadians
B)Israelis
C)Columbians
D)Japanese

Question 31

Amanda has just found out she is pregnant.She should do which of the following:

A)Nothing.Her typical diet should be just fine.
B)Take recommended supplements due to her greater need for all nutrients.
C)Take more iron, but no other additional nutrients.
D)Take more vitamins but less iron.

Question 32

Simple sugars are to _____ as amino acids are to _____:

A)carbohydrates; proteins
B)fats; vitamins
C)proteins; fibre
D)vitamins; minerals

Question 33

The type of lipoprotein associated with decreased cholesterol deposits in blood vessels is

A)low?density (LDL)
B)very low density (VLDL)
C) high?density (HDL)
D)very?high?density (VHDL)

Question 34

Which one of the following people is most likely to experience hypertension and coronary heart disease?

A)Han, who drinks no coffee.
B)Jackie, who drinks only decaffeinated coffee.
C) Michael, who drinks 3 cups of coffee each morning.
D)None of the above.

Question 35

Amino acids are components of ____ that are responsible for _____.

A)minerals; nerve transmission
B)proteins; synthesis of new cell material
C)lipids; providing energy
D)vitamins; converting nutrients into energy

Question 36

Which is NOT true of changes in the North American diet since 1980?

A)Consumption of red meat has decreased.
B)Consumption of fish has increased.
C) Consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased.
D)Consumption of sugars has decreased.

Question 37

Cholesterol and saturated and unsaturated fats are classified as

A)carbohydrates.
B)a special class of proteins.
C)lipids
D)fat-soluble vitamins

Question 38

Who is most likely to be affected by food additives?

A)People who are allergic to them.
B)Everyone, since additives tend to be harmful to our health.
C) Children.
D)Both a and c.

Question 39

People can get all the nutrients and fibre they need

A)only by taking vitamin supplements.
B)by eating healthy diets.
C) by eating only a vegetarian diet.
D)by eating high protein diets.

Question 40

Evidence indicates that a preference for sweet tastes is

A)biological.
B)learned.
C)not present in most babies.
D)present only in America children.

Question 41

We tend to judge the desirability of our weight based on the criteria of:

A)attractiveness and BMI.
B)actual weight and BMI.
C)attractiveness and healthfulness.
D)stamina and body shape.

Question 42

Two people, one obese and the other normal weight, are at a dinner party where some very bad-tasting food has just been served.Who is likely to eat the most?

A)The normal-weight person.
B)The obese person.
C)They will eat the same amounts of food.
D)Neither is likely to eat anything.

Question 43

After drastically reducing her caloric intake for a couple of months, Nan is upset that her weight loss results have begun to slow down considerably. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is

A)restraint theory.
B)set-point theory.
C)glycemic load.
D)hyperinsulinemia.

Question 44

One explanation for why people who are overweight may continue to gain weight even if they don't increase caloric intake is the fact that

A)fat tissue is less metabolically active than lean tissue.
B)fat tissue is more metabolically active than lean tissue.
C)fat tissue disrupts digestion.
D)fat tissue absorbs and stores additional fat tissue at a higher rate.

Question 45

Which of the following facts about fat cells are true?

A)Their number increases mainly in childhood and adolescence.
B)Their number can increase but not decrease.
C)They are related to the body's set point.
D)all of the above

Question 46

Besides medical treatment, the most effective method(s) for losing weight is/are

A)dieting.
B)exercise.
C)behavioural methods.
D)yo-yo or crash diets.

Question 47

Research on work?site weight?loss programs indicates that the most needed factor to ensure their success is

A)proper nutrition information
B)a strong aversive component
C)use of self?monitoring
D)motivational techniques such as weight-loss competitions

Question 48

High serum levels of insulin influence which of the following?

A)Sensations of hunger.
B)Pleasantness of sweet tastes.
C)How much we eat.
D)all of the above

Question 49

Which of the following statements regarding self-reported eating is not true?

A)Underreporting is very common.
B)Women are more inaccurate than men.
C)Obese people report eating more than normal-weight people.
D)Heavy and normal weight people may differ in the accuracy of their reports.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT used in behavioural weight loss programs?

A)Nutrition and exercise counseling.
B)Liposuction.
C)Stimulus control training.
D)Altering the act of eating.

Question 51

The body mass index (BMI) is used to

A)measure an individual's bulk or stockiness.
B)determine whether a person is overweight.
C)determine an individual's cholesterol levels.
D)all of the above

Question 52

People are classified as obese when their BMI exceeds _____.

A)10
B)20
C)25
D)30

Question 53

Prevention programs for overweight should begin in childhood because:

A)this is the best time to prevent the development of excess fat cells.
B)children and adolescents who are obese are more likely to be obese as adults.
C)children have an easier time exercising.
D)both a and b.

Question 54

Parents may help their children maintain a healthy weight by;

A)encouraging regular exercise and discouraging TV viewing.
B)monitoring their children's BMI.
C)controlling the types of food that are present in the home.
D)all of the above.

Question 55

Bob has tried diet programs in the past but has had trouble maintaining his diet plan when he goes away on business trips and has to eat at restaurants. Which of the following is an example of how he could deal with this problem using problem-solving training?

A)Not worrying about it. A few days off his diet is no big deal.
B)Decide to fast during business trips.
C)Asking the wait staff at the restaurant how foods are prepared and selecting low-calorie ingredients and preparation methods.
D) Exercise more immediately prior to and following business trips.

Question 56

In a study of overweight girls and boys, self-esteem levels

A)were not affected by weight levels.
B)went down for boys but not for girls over time.
C) went down for both boys and girls but raised as boys got older.
D)went down for girls but not for boys over time.

Question 57

The mechanism in the brain thought to control body weight is

A)the medulla.
B)the endocrine gland.
C)the frontal lobe.
D)none of the above.

Question 58

The theory that the body has a certain weight that it strives to maintain is called:

A)set?point theory.
B)restraint theory.
C)equilibrium theory.
D)maintenance theory.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about the relationship between weight and health is NOT true?

A)Obesity is positively correlated with increasing risk for disease.
B)A small ratio of waist to hip girth is associated with higher rates of disease.
C)Compared to those who are sedentary, heavy people who are fit have lower risk for death and illness.
D)Overweight and normal weight people rate their health the same.

Question 60

Recent research with animals has shown that reducing caloric intake by 30%

A)decreases metabolism.
B)slows the aging process.
C)increases longevity.
D)all of the above.

Question 61

Before going on an afternoon hiking trip, fair-skinned Joel uses plenty of sunscreen on exposed areas of his body.The use of sunscreens

A)may prevent premature aging of the skin and skin cancers.
B)is recommended for exposure of over an hour.
C)is recommended by dermatologists.
D)all of the above

Question 62

Which of the following is not a demonstrated effect of exercise?

A)Weight loss.
B)Enhanced self?esteem.
C)Stress reduction.
D)All of these are effects of exercise.

Question 63

Protein-sparing modified fast regimens:

A)are used mainly for those who are obese
B)is safe, used short term and requires medical supervison
C)are used only when other approaches have failed
D)all of the above

Question 64

Which of the following statements regarding bulimia nervosa is NOT true?

A)It is more prevalent than anorexia nervosa.
B)Bulimics rarely think this eating pattern is abnormal.
C)A person may exhibit some bulimic behaviours without being diagnosed as a bulimic.
D)It has been recognized as a clinical syndrome since the 1970s.

Question 65

Exposure to carcinogenic substances

A)invariably leads to cancer.
B)is not usually dangerous in small or infrequent doses.
C)no longer occurs in today's environment.
D)might be outweighed in risk by benefits.

Question 66

Which of the following factors is least likely to influence older adults' participation in exercise?

A)Their physical functioning.
B)Exaggerated notions of risk of exercise.
C)Limited previous involvement in exercise.
D)Sedentary social role models.

Question 67

An important factor in getting a person to start and stay with an exercise program is

A)the convenience of the program.
B)their readiness to begin a program.
C)their physical ability.
D)their knowledge about exercises and health.

Question 68

Which of the following statements regarding anorexia nervosa is true?

A)It is most common in females.
B)It is marked by intense fears of becoming overweight.
C)It is characterized by a weight loss of at least 25%.
D)all of the above

Question 69

Which of the following statements regarding the use of seat belts is true?

A)Seat belt use is unrelated to traffic fatalities.
B)Seat belt use has been unaffected by the passage of laws requiring them.
C)After the passage of laws requiring them, seat belt use increased significantly.
D)Only about 15% of drivers use their seat belts.

Question 70

Dancing can be a great form of ______ exercise.

A)isotonic
B)isometric
C)aerobic
D)isobaric

Question 71

Which group does not tend to exercise frequently?

A)People who believe they are susceptible to illness.
B)Young adults.
C)Members of the upper SES.
D)Older people.

Question 72

Uri has successfully completed a weight-loss program and now wants to make sure he is able to maintain his weight loss.Which of the following will aid him in his maintenance efforts?

A)Continue his exercise regimen.
B)Permanently eat a lower-calorie and fat diet.
C)Use behavioural methods to avoid relapse situations.
D)all of the above

Question 73

Weight?lifting and push?ups are forms of _____ exercise.

A)isotonic
B)isometric
C)isokinetic
D)aerobic

Question 74

Which of the following treatments for bulimia nervosa is most effective?

A)Antidepressants
B)Aversive techniques
C)Cognitive/behavioural plus antidepressants
D)Aversive plus behavioural contracting

Question 75

With regard to hazardous materials, Canada has laws that require:

A)Employers notify and train employees on the use of hazardous materials.
B)Employees have the right to refuse handling hazardous materials.
C)Communities have the right to inform only those who really need to know about the presence of dangerous hazards.
D)Communities are freed from the requirement of informing inhabitants of the presence of dangerous hazards.

Question 76

When comparing the years lost due to unintentional and intentional injuries to years lost due to heart disease, cancer, and stroke, research finds:

A)more years are lost due to disease than to injury.
B)more years are lost due to injury than to disease.
C)the years lost are similar.
D)neither result in significant years lost.

Question 77

Exposure to asbestos is strongly connected to

A)hypertension
B)lung cancer
C)heart disease
D)brain damage

Question 78

The most frequent accidental fatalities involve

A)domestic accidents.
B)traffic accidents.
C)air travel.
D)fires.

Question 79

Of the following, which strategy has been least effective in reducing traffic accidents?

A)Driver training courses.
B)Auto design changes.
C)Highway marking changes.
D)Raising the driving age.

Question 80

The odorless radioactive gas radon:

A)may be reduced by properly ventilating basements
B)enters the house from the ground
C)may cause lung cancer
D)all of the above