Deck 12: An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

Question 1

Evaluate the Russian Revolution of 1905, as to its causes, course of events, and results.

Answer 1

not answered

Question 2

IDENTIFICATIONS
Albert Einstein's E=mc²

Answer 2

not answered

Question 3

What were some of the underlying causes for the Great War that broke out in 1914?

Answer 3

not answered

Question 4

IDENTIFICATIONS
Social Darwinism and Herbert Spencer

Question 5

What did women hope to achieve in the feminist movement? To what extent were women successful by 1914? Today?

Question 6

IDENTIFICATIONS
Max Planck and quanta

Question 7

What did the New Physics and concepts of psychoanalysis contribute to Modernism?

Question 8

How did "bearing the white man's burden" affect European society in modern times?

Question 9

How do the philosophical trends of the late nineteenth century compare to the same era's artistic achievements?

Question 10

Define Social Darwinism.How did this interpretation of human existence shape late nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century European society? In what sections of modern society today do we see the persistence of this philosophy?

Question 11

IDENTIFICATIONS
Henri Bergson's "life force"

Question 12

Define Modernism.What are its intellectual and aesthetic preoccupations? How did this movement affect literature? Art? Music?

Question 13

IDENTIFICATIONS
Friedrich Nietzsche's "slave morality"

Question 14

What were the causes of the "New Imperialism" of the late nineteenth century? What were some of the arguments to justify this imperialism? What were the results or consequences of this imperialism?

Question 15

By the early twentieth century, was the Ottoman Empire still a major force in Western Civilization?

Question 16

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Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis

Question 17

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Houston Stewart Chamberlain

Question 18

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Ernst Renan's Life of Jesus

Question 19

Explain the persistence and growth of anti-Semitism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Question 20

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the ego, the id, and the superego

Question 21

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Leo XIII's De Rerum Novarum

Question 22

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Igor Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring

Question 23

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the Pankhursts and the "suffragettes"

Question 24

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George Eastman

Question 25

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Paul Cezanne and Vincent van Gogh

Question 26

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Fabian Socialists

Question 27

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Pablo Picasso and Cubism

Question 28

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the "new woman"

Question 29

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Pius IX's Syllabus of Errors

Question 30

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Post-Impressionism

Question 31

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Emile Zola and Leo Tolstoy

Question 32

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the Symbolists

Question 33

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Alfred Dreyfus

Question 34

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David Lloyd George

Question 35

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Maria Montessori

Question 36

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Impressionism

Question 37

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trasformismo

Question 38

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Theodor Herzl and Zionism

Question 39

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Camille Pissarro and Claude Monet

Question 40

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Wassily Kandinsky

Question 41

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Congress of Berlin

Question 42

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"open door" policy

Question 43

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Triple Entente

Question 44

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Suez Canal

Question 45

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Peter Stolypin

Question 46

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Boxer Rebellion

Question 47

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"white man's burden"

Question 48

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Boer War

Question 49

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"Bloody Sunday"

Question 50

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Triple Alliance

Question 51

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Pan-German League

Question 52

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Hong Kong

Question 53

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Cecil Rhodes

Question 54

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Russo-Japanese War

Question 55

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New Imperialism

Question 56

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Commodore Matthew Perry

Question 57

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Indian National Congress

Question 58

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Emperor William II

Question 59

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Bismarckian System

Question 60

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Meiji Restoration

Question 61

Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of

A) Einstein on cosmic rays and gravity.
B) Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation.
C) Planck on quanta.
D) Pasteur on microbes and infection.
E) Bergson on time and the "life force."

Question 62

Which of the following can be attributed to William Booth?

A) blaming poor people for their own predicaments.
B) trying to ban the Catholic church in the United States.
C) criticizing capitalism for the seeming demise of religiosity.
D) founding the Salvation Army.
E) assassinating President Abraham Lincoln.

Question 63

Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that

A) no progress in human society was now possible and decadence had set in everywhere.
B) no rational justification could be given to "natural selection."
C) peaceful progress was inevitable.
D) evolution could never be reversed.
E) human societies were organism evolving through time by struggling with their environments.

Question 64

Camille Pissarro should be associated with

A) Expressionism.
B) Romanticism.
C) Post-Impressionism.
D) Impressionism
E) Dadaism.

Question 65

The greatest difference between naturalism and realism in literature was

A) realism dealt more with themes like human suffering.
B) naturalism was more popular than realism.
C) in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism.
D) realism was simply a continuation of naturalism.
E) in general, realism was more pessimistic than naturalism.

Question 66

The higher criticism of the Bible championed by the French Catholic scholar Ernst Renan

A) confirmed the accuracy of the Bible as a guide to Christian history.
B) questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible and denied the divinity of Jesus.
C) found the New Testament to be far more recent in composition than previously believed.
D) cast doubt on the authenticity of the letters of Paul.
E) gave intellectual support for the divine authorship of the Bible.

Question 67

The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated

A) the chemical theories of Paracelsus.
B) Newton's rational, mechanical conception of the universe.
C) the heliocentric theory of Galileo.
D) Harvey's arguments on circulation.
E) Kepler's theory on elliptical orbits

Question 68

In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the superego is the center of our

A) moral conscience.
B) rational calculation.
C) animal drives.
D) creative imagination.
E) troubles.

Question 69

Marie Curie won two Nobel prizes for her achievements in

A) cellular biology and chemistry.
B) physics and cellular biology.
C) physics and chemistry.
D) geology and physics.
E) chemistry and astronomy.

Question 70

Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said

A) "I have never given up on nature and the uplifting lessons it can teach us."
B) "I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."
C) "People are naturally bad and all my fictions are truths."
D) "My stories tell of a new Enlightenment."
E) "All life is a wasteland."

Question 71

In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum (1891), Pope Leo XIII

A) endorsed Marxist conceptions of materialism.
B) asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle.
C) ordered Catholics to turn away from all forms of political activity.
D) began to question the necessity of the sacraments.
E) condemned "modernism" in all its manifestations.

Question 72

The best example of naturalistic literature can be found in the novels of

A) Victor Hugo.
B) Charles Dickens.
C) Albert Camus.
D) Emile Zola.
E) Gustave Flaubert.

Question 73

Which of the following art movements was not prominent in the three decades prior to World War I?

A) Surrealism
B) Cubism
C) Impressionism
D) abstract painting
E) Post-Impressionism

Question 74

IDENTIFICATIONS
Balkans' Crises

Question 75

The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the

A) structure of stars.
B) accepted medieval theories of chemical reaction.
C) subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world.
D) safe transmission of electrical energy for powering modern economies.
E) the electro-dynamics of moving bodies.

Question 76

Social Darwinism was

A) applying the ideas of Darwin to society.
B) an effort to explain the problems of society by psychological means.
C) an explanation, sociologically, of Darwin's biological ideas.
D) advocated by Nietzsche.
E) condemned by Freud.

Question 77

In 1905, who published "The Electro-Dynamics of Moving Bodies"?

A) Tesla
B) Einstein
C) Planck
D) Curie
E) Carver

Question 78

In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the process that drives unwanted thoughts into the unconscious is known as

A) self-gratification.
B) neural dysfunction.
C) animal drives.
D) repression.
E) id erasure.

Question 79

In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to

A) lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B) lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C) be the European leader in music and the arts.
D) generate the next great world religion.
E) failure if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.

Question 80

Nietzsche worried that

A) Europe would become enslaved to monopoly capitalism.
B) God would punish Europe for abandoning Christianity.
C) democracy improved the civilizations that adopted it.
D) national rivalries would lead Europe into war.
E) Christianity had enfeebled Western society.