Deck 16: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Question 1

IDENTIFICATIONS
Marshall Plan

Answer 1

not answered

Question 2

IDENTIFICATIONS
"containment"

Answer 2

not answered

Question 3

Discuss the major social changes affecting the status, expectations, and ambitions of women that occurred in Western society form 1945 to 1970.

Answer 3

not answered

Question 4

IDENTIFICATIONS
"massive retaliation"

Question 5

IDENTIFICATIONS
"missile gap"

Question 6

Discuss the events that divided the world into two heavily armed camps capable of obliterating one another with nuclear weapons carried by intercontinental missile systems.

Question 7

IDENTIFICATIONS
the superpowers

Question 8

IDENTIFICATIONS
CENTO and SEATO

Question 9

Compare and contrast the political, social, and economic histories of Eastern Europe and Western Europe in the Post-War decades.

Question 10

On balance, was the decade of the 1960s "constructive" or "destructive" or both? Discuss with examples.

Question 11

What explains the long duration of the Cold War?

Question 12

IDENTIFICATIONS
Berlin blockade

Question 13

Compare and contrast Stalin's policies with those of Khrushchev's.

Question 14

What were the major political developments in the history of the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1970? How did Soviet policies affect the history of Eastern Europe?

Question 15

Who benefited from the Cold War, and how?

Question 16

Was the Cold War substantially different in Asia than in Europe?

Question 17

What were the major developments in domestic politics in Western Europe and how were they expressed in France, West Germany, and Great Britain? What efforts toward unity were made by Western European states? How did the policies of the United States affect those efforts?

Question 18

IDENTIFICATIONS
Warsaw Pact

Question 19

IDENTIFICATIONS
NATO and COMECON

Question 20

IDENTIFICATIONS
Truman Doctrine

Question 21

IDENTIFICATIONS
Great Leap Forward

Question 22

IDENTIFICATIONS
Bay of Pigs

Question 23

IDENTIFICATIONS
Nikita Khrushchev

Question 24

IDENTIFICATIONS
rapprochement

Question 25

IDENTIFICATIONS
Vietnam War

Question 26

IDENTIFICATIONS
Berlin Wall

Question 27

IDENTIFICATIONS
apartheid

Question 28

IDENTIFICATIONS
Stalinization and deStalinization

Question 29

IDENTIFICATIONS
Mahatma Gandhi and an "orgy of blood"

Question 30

IDENTIFICATIONS
PLO, al-Fatah, and Yasir Arafat

Question 31

IDENTIFICATIONS
Indian National Congress

Question 32

IDENTIFICATIONS
Warsaw Pact

Question 33

IDENTIFICATIONS
Hungarian uprising

Question 34

IDENTIFICATIONS
uhuru

Question 35

IDENTIFICATIONS
Sputnik I

Question 36

IDENTIFICATIONS
Mao Zedong

Question 37

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ho Chi Minh

Question 38

IDENTIFICATIONS
Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 39

IDENTIFICATIONS
Six-Day War

Question 40

IDENTIFICATIONS
African National Congress

Question 41

IDENTIFICATIONS
existentialism and Jean Paul Sartre and Albert Camus

Question 42

IDENTIFICATIONS
Pope John XXIII

Question 43

IDENTIFICATIONS
Konrad Adenauer

Question 44

IDENTIFICATIONS
EEC/Common Market

Question 45

IDENTIFICATIONS
the "consumer society"

Question 46

IDENTIFICATIONS
West Germany's "economic miracle"

Question 47

IDENTIFICATIONS
Martin Luther King and "white backlash"

Question 48

IDENTIFICATIONS
Great Britain's welfare state

Question 49

IDENTIFICATIONS
Jackson Pollock and Abstract Expressionism

Question 50

IDENTIFICATIONS
Simone de Beauvoir

Question 51

IDENTIFICATIONS
Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot

Question 52

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ingmar Bergman, Francois Truffaut, and Federico Fellini

Question 53

IDENTIFICATIONS
Christian Democratic parties

Question 54

IDENTIFICATIONS
European Coal and Steel Community

Question 55

IDENTIFICATIONS
Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic

Question 56

IDENTIFICATIONS
women's liberation movement

Question 57

IDENTIFICATIONS
Elvis Presley and the Beatles

Question 58

IDENTIFICATIONS
the birth-control pill

Question 59

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Great Society

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
Andy Warhol and Pop Art

Question 61

Truman and his Western European allies responded to Stalin's blockade of Berlin in 1948 by

A) building the Berlin Wall.
B) airlifting supplies into Berlin.
C) bombing Moscow.
D) sending a UN force to reopen the access routes.
E) threatening nuclear war.

Question 62

NATO is

A) a trade agreement.
B) a fabrication designed by the Central Intelligence Agency to mislead the Soviets.
C) an emergency relief agency.
D) a military alliance.
E) an international banking system.

Question 63

An overall effect of the Korean War on the Cold War was

A) the Soviet Union's domination over all of Southeast Asia.
B) the end of American and Soviet involvement in Asian political affairs.
C) the reinforcement of the American determination to "contain" Soviet power.
D) a decrease in American defense spending since the capacity of the West to win the conflict outright on the battlefield demonstrated the superiority of modern weapons systems and no need to develop new war machines.
E) the continued willingness to use limited nuclear weapons in local wars.

Question 64

The Warsaw Pact included all of the following nations except

A) Poland.
B) Bulgaria.
C) Yugoslavia.
D) Hungary.
E) Czechoslovakia.

Question 65

The first area of conflict in the unfolding of the Cold War was

A) Scandinavia.
B) Western Europe.
C) North Africa.
D) Eastern Europe.
E) East Asia.

Question 66

The Cold War policy adopted in the mid-1950s by the Eisenhower administration was

A) containment.
B) détente.
C) MAD (mutually assured destruction).
D) massive retaliation.
E) all of the above.

Question 67

The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 concluded with

A) improved communications between the US and the Soviet Union to prevent nuclear war.
B) the installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba.
C) the United States overthrowing Cuba's Soviet-supported government.
D) John Kennedy backing down to the threats of Nikita Khrushchev.
E) Fidel Castro giving up his military authority in the Cuban government, although he retained political control.

Question 68

African independence parties were usually led by

A) Western-educated intellectuals.
B) unemployed urban workers.
C) Moscow-trained Communists.
D) disgruntled peasants, fearful of being besieged by western agricultural surpluses.
E) religious leaders, both Christian and Muslim.

Question 69

The origins of the Vietnam War, in part, lie in the process of decolonization because

A) the division of Vietnam into antagonistic northern and southern states occurred after Vietnamese military forces had defeated the French, former governors of the region.
B) the North Vietnamese employed mercenary soldiers from various new post-colonial African states in a local war of liberation.
C) the United Nations, seeking to establish the post-colonial principle of national self-determination, encouraged North Vietnamese radicals to break with the West.
D) the Japanese, having lost their former empire in the Pacific, now provoked unrest in continental Asia by attempting to achieve hegemony in the region.
E) the Soviets supported South Vietnam against North Vietnam, because the latter was a threat to Soviet hegemony in Asia.

Question 70

The Communist military response to the formation of NATO was the

A) Moscow Alliance.
B) Warsaw Pact.
C) Eastern European Community.
D) Stalin Plan.
E) European Economic Community.

Question 71

World War II not only devastated the countries, cities, peoples, and cultures of Europe, but also destroyed

A) American commitment to globalism in foreign policy.
B) European supremacy in world affairs.
C) any commitment of old and new nations around the globe to supranational bodies of diplomacy and conflict resolution.
D) the capacity of western European nations to forge lasting economic and cultural ties in the post-war world.
E) the trans-Atlantic partnership.

Question 72

The Truman Doctrine was a consequence of a civil war in

A) Yugoslavia.
B) Greece.
C) Italy.
D) Czechoslovakia.
E) Poland.

Question 73

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek transferred the Chinese Nationalist government from the mainland to

A) Shanghai.
B) Hong Kong.
C) Kuala Lumpur.
D) Taiwan.
E) Tokyo.

Question 74

The policy created in 1947 and used by the Americans against Communism was called

A) massive retaliation.
B) containment.
C) appeasement.
D) curtailment.
E) mutually assured destruction (MAD).

Question 75

The Truman Doctrine did all of the following except

A) condemn the victory of the Communists in the Chinese civil war.
B) call for $400 million in aid for nations threatened by aggression
C) assist in the defense of Greece and Turkey.
D) express America's fear of Communist expansion in Europe.
E) announce the United States' intention to support "free peoples" throughout the world.

Question 76

In June 1947, the United States initiated the European Recovery Program, better known as

A) the Domino Theory.
B) the Marshall Plan.
C) containment.
D) capitalism.
E) the Long Telegram.

Question 77

A key factor contributing to the development of the Cold War in Eastern Europe was

A) the withdrawal of victorious Russian armies from lands conquered during the campaign against Nazism.
B) raids by American troops pursuing German Nazi war criminals into areas of the former Third Reich under Russian control.
C) Stalin's desire to establish pro-Soviet governments in the countries of Eastern Europe to serve as a buffer zone against possible western attacks on the Soviet Union.
D) the domination of Austrian and Italian politics by popular pro-Communist parties.
E) the threat to continued instability by the rise of neo-fascist parties.

Question 78

IDENTIFICATIONS
Korean War

Question 79

At the close of World War II, who inherited the European tradition of power politics?

A) China and the Soviet Union
B) independent peoples everywhere
C) the Soviet Union and the United States
D) the United States alone
E) nobody because nothing changed

Question 80

The event that immediately preceded and sparked the Cuban Missile Crisis was

A) the Berlin Wall.
B) Sputnik.
C) the death of Stalin.
D) the Bay of Pigs.
E) the attempted assassination of Fidel Castro by the CIA.