Deck 3: Intergovernmental Relations

Question 1

How do categorical grants differ from block grants?

Answer 1

not answered

Question 2

In his influential The Evolution of Behavior, Axelrod suggests that when negotiators must work together over time, they adopt a strategy of (A) conditional openness
(B) value claiming
(C) probing
(D) searching for precedents
(E) using deadlines as pressure points

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Since the 1990s, the U.S.Supreme Court has

A)avoided tough decisions on federal-state issues.
B)strengthen federalism.
C)continued to weaken federalism by narrow votes.
D)declared home rule unconstitutional.
E)ruled that the Base Realignment and Closure Commission had exceeded its authority.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The "new new federalism" is mostly closely associated with (A) Bill Clinton
(B) Jimmy Carter
(C) Ronald Reagan
(D) George W.Bush
(E) Gerald Ford

Question 5

Although there is no straightforward, universally accepted method for negotiating disputes between governments and organizations, some strategies do consistently seem to work better than others.Which of the following would experts LEAST likely recommend?

A)Conceive of interest narrowly
B)Change the parties involved in the bargaining
C)Change the existing organizational structure
D)If a memorandum of understanding needs to be prepared, you be the one to do it
E)Use objective criteria

Question 6

According to the Office of Management and Budget, a county or group of contiguous counties that contains at least one city of 50,000 or more is a (A) urban county or county-group
(B) measurable administrative area
(C) sub-state region
(D) metropolitan statistical area
(E) sub-state urban region

Question 7

According to Fisher and Ury, _______________ determine(s) the point at which you are prepared to walk away from the negotiating table. (A) a hard deadline
(B) your BATNA
(C) a variable sum
(D) your NABTA
(E) sunk costs

Question 8

The most numerous governmental units in the United States are

A)counties.
B)townships.
C)cities.
D)special districts.
E)municipalities.

Question 9

Moral hazard

A)refers to any behavior under contracts that is risky.
B)refers to any behavior under contracts that is inefficient.
C)refers to any behavior under contracts that is unethical.
D)is most closely associated with voluntary associations.
E)is closely associated with the writings of Paul H.Appleby.

Question 10

Any relationship in which one party, the principal, considers entering into a contractual agreement with another, the agent, expresses the principal-agent model.Regardless of the reason for relying on an agent, the principal faces what two problems?

A)Influence activities and the problem of vertical expansion
B)Design decisions and pricing decisions
C)Sunk costs and skimming
D)Adverse selection and moral hazard
E)Externalities and competitive bidding

Question 11

Who ruled that state legislatures were supreme over cities and that legislatures could "sweep from existence" all municipal corporations of the state and the corporations could not prevent it?

A)Huey P.Long
B)Sandra Day O'Connor
C)Benjamin Cardozo
D)Louis D.Brandeis
E)John F Dillon

Question 12

______________________ grants are available across-the-board to all who are eligible in a category, while ______________________ grants are made only for specific purposes. (A) block grants and target grants
(B) formula grants and innovation grants
(C) formula grants and application grants
(D) block grants and application grants
(E) application grants and target grants

Question 13

How does the layer cake model of federalism differ from the marble cake model? What model best describes federalism today?

Question 14

According to the text, which of the following is NOT an economic argument for justifying federal action? (A) direct spillovers
(B) globalization
(C) effects of policy-induced mobility
(D) inequality of resources
(E) need for uniformity

Question 15

According to the text, the era of cooperative federalism was

A) 1789-1933
B) 1933-1960
C) 1960-1968
D) 1968-1980
E) 1980-1993

Question 16

During the 1980s, changing national priorities, tax cuts, and mounting deficits drove federal policy makers to cut funds going to the states and localities.Compounding the money problems was the problem of

A)double-digit inflation.
B)competitive federalism.
C)arrondissements.
D)interstate compacts.
E)unfunded mandates.

Question 17

Nixon's __________________ were part of a strategy to give more policymaking discretion and responsibility to the subnational governments. (A) categorical grants and mandate reform
(B) formula grants and project grants
(C) revenue sharing and formula grants
(D) revenue sharing and block grants
(E) block grants and mandate reform

Question 18

Trace the development of federalism in the United States from 1789 to the present.

Question 19

No case was more important to establishing the supremacy of the national voice in government than McCulloch versus Maryland (1819).The Marshall court strengthen its arguments in that case five years later in

A) US versus Morrison
B) New York versus US
C) Gibbon versus Ogden
D) Printz versus US
E) Alden versus Maine

Question 20

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, best illustrates

A)the new federalism.
B)divestiture.
C)making alternatives to the agreement appear worse than the agreement.
D)multiculturalism.
E)the growing need for regionalism.

Question 21

What are some of the key questions to ask in preparing for negotiations?

Question 22

Compare and contrast the mayor-counsel form of government organization with the city manager form.

Question 23

Lax and Sebenius identify the fundamental dilemma in the proposing stage of negotiation as a choice between "creating value" and "claiming value." Explain the difference.

Question 24

What are the four arguments that economists that used to justify federal action?

Question 25

What he is principal-agent theory and how does it applied to intergovernmental relations?

Question 26

According to H.George Frederickson and his colleagues, how have U.S.cities adapted their structures since 1900?

Question 27

What parts of the Constitution are most relevant to interstate relations?

Question 28

Discuss the influence of the Supreme Court on federal-state relations.