Deck 5: Chemical Bonding and States of Matter

Question 1

Which is not a property of ionic compounds?

A) many are liquids at room temperature
B) high melting point
C) crystalline solid
D) melted ionic materials are conductors of electricity

Answer 1

many are liquids at room temperature

Question 2

Which substance is most likely to have covalent bonds between atoms?

A) AlCl₃
B) KBr
C) MgF₂
D) PCl₃

Answer 2

PCl₃

Question 3

The shape of CH₄ and CCl₄ are best described as

A) tetrahedral.
B) pyramidal.
C) hexagonal.
D) octahedral.

Answer 3

tetrahedral.

Question 4

Magnesium nitride is made up of magnesium ions and nitride ions. What is the expected formula of magnesium nitride?

A) MgN
B) Mg₂N₃
C) MgN₂
D) Mg₃N₂

Question 5

The compound between calcium and chlorine is calcium chloride and has which of the following formulas?

A) Cl₂Ca₃
B) Ca₂Cl
C) CaCl₂
D) ClCa₂

Question 6

Which one of the following shows the possible ions for iron?

A) Fe²⁺ and Fe⁴⁺
B) Fe⁺ and Fe²⁺
C) Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺
D) Fe³⁺ and Fe⁺

Question 7

What ion is likely to be formed by magnesium (Mg) in chemical reactions?

A) Mg⁺
B) Mg²⁺
C) Mg^-
D) Mg^2-

Question 8

How many nonbonding electrons are in the water molecule?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6

Question 9

A new element has the symbol Y and seven valence electrons. What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond to Y?

A) 1
B) 4
C) 3
D) 7

Question 10

Which of the following pairs of atoms share electrons equally?

A) Cl and H
B) Mg and Cl
C) C and C
D) S and F

Question 11

Which of the following substances has polar covalent bonds?

A) CaF₂
B) KBr
C) NH₃
D) CH₄

Question 12

Which of the following pairs of atoms form the most polar bond?

A) C and C
B) C and F
C) C and H
D) C and O

Question 13

An ion contains 16 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons. Its charge is
a.

Question 14

Washing soda, soda ash, and baking soda all contain which of the following groupings?

A) OH^-
B) CO₃^2-
C) PO₄^3-
D) NO₃^-

Question 15

Which is expected to form a negative ion?

A) K
B) Ne
C) Na
D) F

Question 16

Of the following, which is the strongest bond?

A) C:C, single bond
B) C::C, double bond
C) C:::C, triple bond
D) All are of equal strength.

Question 17

Which is not true about the ionic compound sodium chloride (NaCl)?

A) It is electrically neutral.
B) It was formed when electrons were shared.
C) It has properties different from the atoms from which it is formed.
D) It is a white crystalline solid.

Question 18

If you take three balloons, blow them up and assemble them together, the shape you are most likely to observe is

A) linear.
B) tetrahedral.
C) pyramidal.
D) trigonal planar.

Question 19

An ion contains 16 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons. Its charge is

A) 0
B) +2.
C) -2.
D) -18.

Question 20

Which of the following would be used to recognize an unsaturated hydrocarbon in its structural formula?

A) presence of a lone pair of electrons
B) multiple covalent bond
C) presence of carbon and hydrogen
D) fits the general formula C_nH_2n+2

Question 21

Which substance has ionic bonds between atoms?

A) Na₂O
B) NCl₃
C) H₂S
D) CO₂

Question 22

Surface tension of water is illustrated by this phenomenon

A) moderating influence of lakes and oceans on climate.
B) cooling effect that occurs when water evaporates from moist skin.
C) beading of water droplets on the clean surface of a car's hood and roof.
D) expansion of water when it freezes.

Question 23

The cooling effect that occurs when water evaporates from moist skin is a consequence of this property of water

A) heat capacity.
B) surface tension.
C) heat of vaporization.
D) vapor pressure.

Question 24

Which statement is true about a glass of iced tea flavored with sugar and lemon juice?

A) Sugar is a solute.
B) Water is a solvent.
C) Lemon juice is a solute.
D) all of these are true

Question 25

When an ionic solid such as NaCl dissolves in water,

A) the Na⁺ and Cl^- are changed to atoms.
B) the Na⁺ ions gather on one side of the container and the Cl^- ions gather on the other side of the container.
C) Na⁺ and Cl^- ions are evenly dispersed.
D) the beaker containing the solution becomes charged.

Question 26

Which of the following has bond a angle of 180° between atoms?

A) CH₄
B) SO₃
C) H2O
D) CO₂

Question 27

Most substances that have molecules with approximately the same weight as water molecules are gases at room temperature. Water is a liquid at room temperature because of

A) extensive hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
B) ionic bonding between hydrogen ions and oxide ions.
C) covalent bonding between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms.
D) the lack of motion of water molecules.

Question 28

When enough gas molecules stick together to form small droplets of liquid, the process is called

A) sublimation.
B) condensation.
C) deposition.
D) compression.

Question 29

There are ____ electrons in the covalent bond between C and O in CO.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 30

Particles in the ____ state are in direct contact but are free to move.

A) gas
B) solid
C) liquid
D) plasma

Question 31

When a spoonful of sugar is added to a glass of iced tea, it quickly dissolves. If no solid settles to the bottom, the resulting solution is

A) saturated.
B) unsaturated.
C) ionic.
D) normal.

Question 32

Sublimation is the process where a

A) solid changes into a gas.
B) solid changes into a liquid.
C) liquid changes into a gas.
D) liquid changes into a solid.

Question 33

A neutral atom can be converted to a negative ion if it

A) gains electrons.
B) loses electrons.
C) gains protons.
D) loses protons.

Question 34

Gases

A) exert a pressure.
B) are compressible.
C) are miscible, they mix with other gases in any proportion.
D) all of these

Question 35

The dispersal of odors is partially due to a property of gases known as

A) diffusion.
B) miscibility.
C) expansion.
D) volatility.

Question 36

An atom has an electronic arrangement of 2-8-8-2. This atom is most likely to

A) form a +2 ion
B) bond covalently to nonmetals
C) form a -2 ion
D) bond covalently to metals

Question 37

Which of the following molecules has a double bond?

A) CH₂CH₂
B) NH₃
C) CH₃CH₃
D) H₂O

Question 38

How do aqueous electrolytes conduct electricity?

A) Dissolved positive ions move to positive electrodes.
B) Electrons migrate from one electrode to the other electrode.
C) Ions pass electrons from ion to ion.
D) Dissolved ions move to oppositely charged electrodes.

Question 39

The relation between gas pressure and volume was discovered by

A) Robert Boyle.
B) G. N. Lewis.
C) Marie Curie.
D) Rutherford.

Question 40

Liquids have a

A) fixed volume and no definite shape.
B) fixed shape and no volume.
C) no definite shape and no volume.
D) fixed shape and fixed volume.

Question 41

What particles make up the crystal in a grain of table salt (sodium chloride)?

A) atoms of sodium and chlorine
B) molecules of sodium and chlorine
C) sodium ions and chloride ions
D) molecules of sodium chloride

Question 42

The normal boiling point of water is

A) what you measure in a laboratory.
B) independent of atmospheric pressure.
C) the one measured at 760 mm pressure (1 atm).
D) 273 K.

Question 43

Which molecule would be expected to exhibit the least hydrogen bonding?

A) H-F
B) H-O-H
C) NH₃
D) CH₄

Question 44

Identify the saturated hydrocarbon listed below.

A) C₃H₈
B) C₄H₈
C) C₂H₄
D) C₆H₆

Question 45

Which of the following molecules has only single bonds?

A) CH₂CH₂
B) CH₃CH₃
C) CO₂
D) CHCH

Question 46

Which factor causes more gas to dissolve in a liquid?

A) size of the container opening
B) nature of the container (that is, glass versus metal)
C) increasing the pressure
D) increasing the temperature

Question 47

Which is not a physical property of water?

A) solid is less dense than liquid at normal freezing point
B) relatively high heat capacity per unit of weight
C) relatively low heat of vaporization
D) relatively large surface tension

Question 48

Which atom exists as a diatomic molecule in nature?

A) carbon
B) bromine
C) sulfur
D) phosphorous

Question 49

Which of the states of matter has particles in fixed positions and touching one another?

A) solid
B) liquid
C) plasma
D) gas

Question 50

What is name of the following compound NH₄NO₃?

A) ammonia nitrite
B) ammonium nitrite
C) nitrogen hydride nitrite
D) ammonium nitrate

Question 51

The normal boiling point of a liquid is

A) high for volatile liquids.
B) high for nonvolatile liquids.
C) low for nonvolatile liquids.
D) The same for all liquids, that is what normal means.

Question 52

What is the expected formula for a reaction between aluminum and oxygen?

A) AlO
B) Al₂O₃
C) AlO₂
D) Al₃O₂

Question 53

How many resonance structures can be drawn for a nitrate ion?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Question 54

What is the charge on an ion with 7 protons, 7 neutrons, and 10 electrons?

A) 0
B) +3
C) -3
D) -7

Question 55

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

A) H
B) O
C) N
D) C

Question 56

How many nonbonding electrons are found on the central atom of sulfur dioxide?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6

Question 57

What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that one water molecule can form to its neighbors in an ice crystal?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) infinite number

Question 58

Which of the following elements can form a cation?

A) K
B) Ne
C) O
D) F

Question 59

Which is not characteristic of liquids?

A) freezing point
B) crystallization
C) boiling point
D) All of these are characteristic of liquids.

Question 60

What is the electron pair geometry for silicon dioxide?

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral

Question 61

Which of the following is an ionic compound?

A) CO₂
B) NH₃
C) CaO
D) C₃H₈

Question 62

Consider the image below which shows a model of the compound known as hexane. The large spheres represent carbon and the smaller spheres represent hydrogen.
The total number of valence electrons in hexane is_________.

Question 63

Positive ions are smaller than the atoms for which they form.

Question 64

Consider the following Lewis dot structure for ozone, O₃. Based on these structures, what is the shape of this molecule?

A) linear
B) bent
C) tetrahedral
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramidal

Question 65

The following images represent the process termed freezing. changes to

Question 66

Which of the following molecules might have the shape shown below?

A) AlCl₃
B) CCl₄
C) SO₃
D) TiCl₄

Question 67

How much heat is required to melt 1 kg of water (heat of melting = 80 cal/g)

A) -80 cal
B) +80 cal
C) -80000 cal
D) +80000 cal

Question 68

Phosphorus has 3 valence electrons.

Question 69

What is the solvent in a solution of sodium chloride?

A) sodium chloride
B) sodium
C) oxygen
D) water

Question 70

Consider the following two Lewis dot structures for ozone. These two structures are termed resonance structures.

Question 71

The following image shows two molecules of sulfur dioxide. Which of the following describes the type of bonding present?

A) ionic bonding
B) polar covalent bonding
C) nonpolar covalent bonding
D) hydrogen bonding

Question 72

Which of the following is a nonpolar molecule with a polar covalent bond?

A) HCl
B) NH₃
C) H₂O
D) CO₂

Question 73

Choose the statement that best explains why the boiling point of ICl (97 °C) is higher than the boiling point of Br₂ (59 °C),

A) ICl is an ionic compound, while Br₂ is a covalent compound.
B) There is hydrogen bonding in ICl, but not in Br₂.
C) ICl is polar while Br₂ is nonpolar.
D) ICl has a bent shape while Br₂ is linear.

Question 74

Consider the image below which shows a model of the compound known as hexane. The large spheres represent carbon and the smaller spheres represent hydrogen.
The total number of single bonds in hexane is__________.

Question 75

What is the molecular geometry of carbon tetrachloride?

A) tetrahedral
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) bent
D) trigonal planar

Question 76

Negative ions are approximately the same size as the atoms from which they form.

Question 77

Consider the following image. What shape is represented?

A) linear
B) bent
C) tetrahedral
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramidal

Question 78

The dotted line in the following images shows the formation of hydrogen bonds.

Question 79

A binary ionic compound generally consists of a metal and a nonmetal combination.

Question 80

Which of the following molecules has a triple bond?

A) CO₂
B) NH₃
C) Cl₂
D) N₂