Question 1

Identify a stimulus that has been used in punishment by the application of aversive stimuli.&#10;A)ice&#10;B)lemon juice&#10;C)noise&#10;D)all of these

Accepted Answer

Each of these stimuli can be used in punishment by applying an aversive response. For example, ice may be used to administer a cold temperature as an aversive consequence, lemon juice may be used to administer a sour taste, and noise may be used to administer a loud and unpleasant sound.

Question 2

What happens if the client starts engaging in the requested activity during guided compliance?&#10;A)physical guidance continues until the task is completed&#10;B)physical guidance is withdrawn&#10;C)physical guidance is used intermittently&#10;D)physical guidance is increased

Accepted Answer

If the client starts engaging in the requested activity during guided compliance, it indicates that they are capable of performing the task independently. Thus, the physical guidance should be withdrawn to allow the client to perform the task without assistance. This promotes independence and self-reliance.

Question 3

In a ______________ procedure,when the person engages in a problem behavior in response to a demand,the person is guided physically through the requested activity (such as an educational task).&#10;A)contingent exercise&#10;B)positive practice&#10;C)restitution&#10;D)guided compliance

Accepted Answer

The procedure described is known as guided compliance, as the person is physically guided through the requested activity. Contingent exercise involves a punishment consequence for the problem behavior, positive practice involves repeated practice of a desired alternative behavior, and restitution involves making amends for harm caused by the problem behavior.

Question 4

What is the SIBIS procedure?&#10;A)an automated behavior recording procedure&#10;B)an apparatus that uses shock to treat self-injurious behavior&#10;C)a procedure that uses noise to decrease habit behaviors&#10;D)a type of self-injurious behavior

Accepted Answer

The SIBIS procedure involves an apparatus that delivers a mild electric shock as a form of aversive conditioning to treat self-injurious behavior.

Question 5

In _______________,the client has to engage in correct forms of relevant behavior contingent on the problem behavior.&#10;A)time-out&#10;B)positive practice&#10;C)restitution&#10;D)response cost

Accepted Answer

Positive practice involves teaching and reinforcing correct forms of behavior that are relevant to the problem behavior. This helps the client replace the problem behavior with more appropriate behavior. Time-out involves removing the client from the environment to decrease problem behavior, restitution involves the client making amends for the harm caused by the problem behavior, and response cost involves removing a reinforcer to decrease problem behavior. Positive practice is the only option that specifically focuses on teaching and reinforcing appropriate behavior.

Question 6

___________________ is a punishment procedure in which,contingent on a problem behavior,the change agent holds immobile the part of the client's body that is involved in the behavior.&#10;A)contingent exercise&#10;B)positive practice&#10;C)physical restraint&#10;D)guided compliance

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________________ is a punishment procedure in which,contingent...

Question 7

In the _________________ procedure,the client is made to engage in some form of physical exercise contingent on an instance of the problem behavior&#10;A)contingent exercise&#10;B)positive practice&#10;C)restitution&#10;D)response cost

Accepted Answer

Contingent exercise involves the client being required to engage in some form of physical exercise (e.g. running, jumping jacks) immediately following an instance of the problem behavior. The intention is to make the problem behavior less desirable and increase the likelihood of the client engaging in a more acceptable behavior in the future. Positive practice and restitution involve providing opportunities for the client to engage in desirable behaviors (e.g. practicing social skills) rather than punishing problem behaviors. Response cost involves removing a specific reinforcer (e.g. tokens, points) as a consequence of problem behavior.

Question 8

Two major categories of aversive events used in positive punishment are:&#10;A)application of aversive activities,application of aversive stimuli&#10;B)time out and response cost&#10;C)application of painful stimuli,reinforcer loss&#10;D)application of painful stimuli,application of aversive stimuli

Accepted Answer

Positive punishment involves the application of aversive activities and aversive stimuli to decrease the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring.

Question 9

In ________________,contingent on each instance of the problem behavior,the client must correct the environmental effects of the problem behavior and restore the environment to a condition better than that which existed before the problem behavior.

A)contingent exercise
B)positive practice
C)restitution
D)response cost

Accepted Answer

The described procedure is restitution, in which the client is required to fix any damages or negative effects resulting from their problem behavior. Contingent exercise involves physical exercise after instances of problem behavior, positive practice involves practicing an alternative behavior, and response cost involves the removal of reinforcers after problem behavior.

Deck 18: Positive Punishment Procedures and the Ethics of Punishment