Question 1

_______________ demonstrated the 'law of effect,&#34; one of the earliest demonstration of reinforcement.&#10;A)Thorndike&#10;B)Skinner&#10;C)Pavlov&#10;D)Watson

Accepted Answer

Thorndike conducted experiments with cats in puzzle boxes and observed that they would learn to perform certain behaviors (such as pressing a lever) to escape the box and obtain a food reward. He called this the "law of effect," which states that behaviors that are followed by positive consequences are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by negative consequences are less likely to be repeated. This was one of the earliest demonstrations of reinforcement in psychology.

Question 2

A student in a special education classroom receives a reinforcer (a token)after every five correct responses on her math worksheet.This is an example of what schedule of reinforcement?&#10;A)CRF&#10;B)FR&#10;C)VR&#10;D)FI

Accepted Answer

The student is receiving a reinforcer (token) after a fixed number of correct responses (every 5th response) which is an example of a fixed ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement.

Question 3

In negative reinforcement,a stimulus is ____________ following the behavior and the behavior is strengthened.&#10;A)provided&#10;B)increased&#10;C)added&#10;D)removed

Accepted Answer

In negative reinforcement, a stimulus (usually aversive or unpleasant) is removed following the behavior, which strengthens the behavior because the individual learns that performing the behavior results in the removal of the aversive stimulus.

Question 4

A behavior that is strengthened through the process of reinforcement is called (n)_______________.&#10;A)conditioned response&#10;B)unconditioned response&#10;C)operant behavior&#10;D)conditioned stimulus

Accepted Answer

The term "operant behavior" refers to behaviors that are shaped through consequences, specifically reinforcement. When a behavior is reinforced, meaning it is followed by a consequence that is desirable or rewarding, it is more likely to occur again in the future.

Question 5

In which schedule of reinforcement does a reinforcer get delivered when a response occurs after a period of time?&#10;A)ratio schedule&#10;B)continuous reinforcement schedule&#10;C)interval schedule&#10;D)discontinuous reinforcement schedule

Accepted Answer

An interval schedule of reinforcement involves the delivery of a reinforcer after a certain amount of time has passed since the last reinforcement, regardless of the number of responses. This can be further broken down into fixed interval (reinforcer delivered after a fixed amount of time) and variable interval (reinforcer delivered after a variable, unpredictable amount of time).

Question 6

An abolishing operation (AO):&#10;A)makes a reinforcer less potent&#10;B)makes a behavior less likely&#10;C)is a type of motivating operation&#10;D)all of these

Accepted Answer

An abolishing operation (AO) is a type of motivating operation that makes a reinforcer less potent, thus making a behavior less likely to occur. Therefore, choice A and B are both correct, making choice D the best answer.

Deck 4: Reinforcement