Question 1

If a behavior is no longer followed by a reinforcing consequence,the person will:&#10;A)continue to engage in the behavior&#10;B)stop engaging in the behavior&#10;C)undergo extinction&#10;D)become extinguished

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

His parents give 4-year-old Tommy his favorite toy each time he cries.His parents decide his crying is a problem,so they no longer give him his toy when he cries.As a result,Tommy stops crying when he does not have his toy.This is an example of:

A)extinction of a negatively reinforced behavior
B)extinction of a positively reinforced behavior
C)intermittent reinforcement
D)none of these

B

Accepted Answer

This is an example of extinction of a positively reinforced behavior because the parents initially gave Tommy his favorite toy each time he cried, which positively reinforced his behavior of crying. When they stopped giving him the toy, the behavior of crying stopped.

Question 3

In extinction,what occurs following the behavior?&#10;A)the reinforcer is withheld&#10;B)the reinforcer is delivered&#10;C)negative reinforcement occurs&#10;D)the person is told to stop the behavior

Accepted Answer

In extinction, the reinforcer is withheld following the behavior. This lack of reinforcement typically leads to a decrease in the frequency of the behavior.

Question 4

When extinction occurs for a negatively reinforced behavior:&#10;A)the aversive stimulus is no longer removed following the behavior&#10;B)the positive reinforcer is no longer delivered following the behavior&#10;C)the aversive stimulus is removed following the behavior&#10;D)the positive reinforcer is delivered following the behavior

Accepted Answer

Negatively reinforced behavior means that the behavior is strengthened by the removal of an aversive stimulus. In extinction, the aversive stimulus is no longer removed following the behavior, which leads to a decrease in the behavior over time. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 5

Resistance to extinction means that&#10;A)caregivers do not want to use extinction&#10;B)extinction is no longer implemented&#10;C)the behavior persists once extinction is implemented&#10;D)the behavior decreases rapidly once extinction is implemented

Accepted Answer

Resistance to extinction refers to the persistence of a behavior even after the reinforcement for the behavior is no longer provided. This means that the behavior continues despite the absence of the reinforcement that had previously maintained it. Therefore, the correct option is C. Options A and B are incorrect because resistance to extinction is not related to whether caregivers want to use extinction or whether extinction is implemented. Option D is also incorrect because if the behavior decreases rapidly once extinction is implemented, then it is not showing resistance to extinction.

Question 6

When extinction occurs for a positively reinforced behavior:&#10;A)the aversive stimulus is no longer removed following the behavior&#10;B)the positive reinforcer is no longer delivered following the behavior&#10;C)the aversive stimulus is removed following the behavior&#10;D)the positive reinforcer is delivered following the behavior

Accepted Answer

When extinction occurs for a positively reinforced behavior, the positive reinforcer is no longer delivered following the behavior. This means that the behavior no longer leads to the reinforcing consequence, which decreases the likelihood of that behavior occurring in the future. Choice A is incorrect because the aversive stimulus is not typically involved in positively reinforced behaviors. Choice C is incorrect because removing an aversive stimulus after a behavior is negatively reinforced behavior. Choice D is incorrect because delivering a positive reinforcer after a behavior is the definition of positive reinforcement, which is opposite to extinction.

Question 7

When extinction occurs for a behavior that was continuously reinforced&#10;A)the behavior decreases rapidly&#10;B)the behavior decreases more gradually&#10;C)the behavior does not decrease&#10;D)the behavior increases

Accepted Answer

When extinction occurs for a behavior that was continuously reinforced, the behavior decreases rapidly. This is because the animal or person has learned that the behavior no longer leads to the expected reinforcement.

Question 8

Once a behavior is no longer reinforced,it often increases in frequency,duration,or intensity before it decreases.This phenomenon is called a(n)&#10;A)extinction side effect&#10;B)extinction effect&#10;C)extinction burst&#10;D)transition phase

Accepted Answer

Extinction burst is a phenomenon where a behavior increases in frequency, duration or intensity after reinforcement is removed. This occurs because the individual is trying to engage in the behavior in the hopes of receiving reinforcement again. Eventually, if reinforcement is consistently not given, the behavior will decrease in frequency, duration or intensity.

Question 9

When a behavior is decreased with extinction but later occurs again,the phenomenon is called:&#10;A)spontaneous recovery&#10;B)reinstatement&#10;C)spontaneous renewal&#10;D)reinforcement

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a behavior that has been previously extinguished. It occurs when a response that has been extinguished is produced again after a pause or rest period. This reappearance is considered spontaneous because it happens without any apparent reason. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Reinforcement refers to any consequence that strengthens a behavior, whereas reinstatement and spontaneous renewal are related to the recovery of a behavior after being disrupted but do not involve extinction.

Deck 5: Extinction