Deck 4: Birth and the Newborn

Question 1

Alex and Sarah want to ensure a plan is in place before Sarah gives birth,in order to inform health care professionals of their wishes and to ensure a safe delivery for Sarah.How can they make sure that the health care professionals get this information in the most efficient manner possible?

A) Provide them with a written birth plan.
B) Meet one on one with each doctor and nurse prior to the delivery.
C) Arrive an hour early to the delivery.
D) Tell the doctor during the delivery what Sarah wants.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The goal of childbirth education is to __________ women's confidence in their ability to give birth.

A) decrease
B) increase
C) ignore
D) diminish

Answer 2

B

Question 3

How long does labor last?

A) 5 hours
B) 12 hours
C) 24 hours
D) It is different for each mother.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Traditionally,what is the longest stage of labor?

A) dilation
B) descent and birth
C) delivery of the placenta
D) birth

Question 5

During what phase are the contractions strongest and most frequent?

A) transition
B) descent and birth
C) dilation
D) delivery of the placenta

Question 6

Explain the significance of a child's birth in the context of society by examining the different practices from cultures around the world,as mentioned in the text.

Question 7

Labor consists of ____ stages).

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 8

Culture influences how a mother approaches childbirth.

Question 9

A ________ is the delivery of the baby by surgically removing it from the uterus through an incision in the mother's abdomen.

A) natural delivery
B) Cesarean delivery
C) medical delivery
D) none of these

Question 10

What system in both the mother and baby triggers the onset of labor?

A) endocrine system
B) lymphatic system
C) reproductive system
D) cardiovascular system

Question 11

Identify the concerns) of a mother during her pregnancy.

A) reaching full term successfully
B) ensuring the baby is healthy
C) survival during the birth and delivery
D) all of these

Question 12

Levels of oxytocin increase significantly during the ______ trimesters).

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) first and third

Question 13

Childbirth education benefits everyone the same way.

Question 14

Identify two different methods to prepare for a birth,as well as the benefits of each approach.

Question 15

Which of the following is a benefit of childbirth education classes as indicated by the studies in the chapter?

A) less pain medication required during the birth
B) increased possibility of spontaneous delivery
C) better coping methods during labor and delivery
D) all of the above

Question 16

The newborn period is the same as the neonatal period.

Question 17

What is the duration of the neonatal period?

A) conception to birth
B) conception to 1 month
C) birth to 1 month
D) birth to 6 months

Question 18

Identify the order of the stages of labor from beginning to end.

A) delivery of the placenta, dilation, descent, and birth
B) dilation, delivery of the placenta, descent, and birth
C) descent and birth, dilation, delivery of the placenta
D) dilation, descent and birth, delivery of the placenta

Question 19

The term analgesics refers to

A) medications that relieve pain and aid in relaxation during labor.
B) medications that block sensation.
C) medications that result in a loss of consciousness.
D) none of these.

Question 20

Dilation begins with/when __________ and ends when

A) regular contractions; the cervix is completely open.
B) the cervix is dilated; the baby is born.
C) the baby is born; the placenta is expelled.
D) dilation of the cervix; the placenta is expelled.

Question 21

Between 20% and 30% of the births in the United States are a result of

A) induced labor.
B) assisted vaginal delivery.
C) Cesarean delivery.
D) natural delivery.

Question 22

"Assisted vaginal delivery" is a delivery that requires the

A) presence of a midwife.
B) presence of a physician.
C) use of instruments such as forceps or a vacuum extractor.
D) use of anesthesia.

Question 23

The majority of the babies born in the United States are born at/in a __________,while in many developing countries babies are born at/in a _____________.

A) home; hospital.
B) hospital; home.
C) hospital; hospital.
D) home; home.

Question 24

Who aided in the development of natural childbirth?

A) Fernand Lamaze
B) Fredrick LeBoyer
C) Erik Erikson
D) both A and B

Question 25

Identify the risks involved in assisted vaginal delivery.

Question 26

All anesthetics result in the loss of both sensation and consciousness.

Question 27

Discuss the effects of the medication administered during childbirth on both the baby and the mother.

Question 28

Elective induction has _______ in the United States,as it allows for more control over the delivery date.

A) increased
B) decreased
C) demonstrated no growth
D) none of the above

Question 29

There is a strong correlation between high Cesarean section rates and an increase in fetal mortality rates.

Question 30

_______ use of Cesarean delivery has contributed to __________ infant mortality.

A) Increased; lowering
B) Decreased; increasing
C) Decreased; lowering
D) Increased; increasing

Question 31

Emily's contractions have begun,and she is on her way to the hospital.What common form of anesthesia will Emily most likely receive upon arrival at the hospital to aid in her comfort during her delivery?

A) general anesthesia
B) local anesthesia
C) epidural anesthesia
D) both B and C

Question 32

Which of the following techniques are used in natural childbirth?

A) water birth
B) massage
C) acupuncture
D) all of these

Question 33

Katherine's contractions have grown in intensity,and the doctor is concerned about the progression of the childbirth and the growing risks to both the mother and the baby.The doctor decides that it is necessary to artificially begin the labor process with medication.This process is known as

A) medically assisted delivery.
B) induced labor.
C) artificial delivery.
D) physician-assisted labor.

Question 34

The term anesthetics refers to

A) strong pain relievers that block sensation.
B) exercises that mothers-to-be are encouraged to conduct throughout their pregnancy.
C) doctors who assist during the delivery.
D) none of these.

Question 35

The Lamaze approach to natural childbirth suggests that

A) human support is a necessity.
B) the mother can control her pain by focusing on controlled breathing during labor.
C) the birthing room should be quiet, dimly lit, and have minimal conversation.
D) a doula should be present during delivery.

Question 36

"Natural childbirth" refers to

A) the ability of a mother to give birth without the administration of anesthetics or medical interventions.
B) the ability of the mother to cope with labor pains more positively.
C) provision of human support during labor and delivery in the attempt to lessen labor pain.
D) all of these.

Question 37

Stemming from an interest in women's rights,what individual sought to remove the control of the birth experience from medical establishments and return it to mothers?

A) Marshall Klaus
B) John Kennell
C) Sheila Kitzinger
D) Frederick LeBoyer

Question 38

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists supports the mother's choice to induce labor for her convenience,as well as when a number of health conditions are present.

Question 39

Assisted vaginal delivery is risk-free.

Question 40

Discuss John Kennell and Marshall Klaus's concept of "rooming in."

Question 41

What unit of the hospital meets the needs of preterm infants who experience complications?

A) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
B) Intensive Care Unit
C) Pediatric Unit
D) Birthing Unit

Question 42

Discuss why 96% of low birthweight occurs in the developing world.Then,discuss what some countries in South America,Asia,and sub-Saharan Africa are doing to combat low birthweight.

Question 43

A "premature infant" is

A) a baby born before 37 weeks of gestation.
B) a baby born at any time before the planned delivery date.
C) a baby born in the first trimester.
D) a baby born after 37 weeks of gestation.

Question 44

What factors) contributes) to the risk of long-term complications in infants born prematurely?

A) how premature the baby is
B) the infant's weight at birth
C) whether the infant suffered intracranial hemorrhage
D) all of these

Question 45

Sarah's newborn has been taken to the NICU and is being cared for by a team of specialists that consists of

A) nurses and doctors.
B) social workers.
C) physical and occupational therapists.
D) all of these.

Question 46

According to the text,the average cost of a Cesarean section in 2009 was between ______ and ______________.** note extra blank space after "and")**

A) $11,000; $15,000.
B) $11,000; $20,000.
C) $13,000; $20,000.
D) $11,000; $13,000.

Question 47

According to a Canadian study,former ELBW infants at ages 22 to 25 experienced lower high-school graduation rates,employment status,and rates of marriage and parenthood than their peers.

Question 48

During childbirth,Susan experienced placenta abruptia,requiring the attending physician to order an)

A) emergency Cesarean section.
B) vaginal delivery.
C) assisted vaginal delivery.
D) induced labor.

Question 49

The initial role of the incubator is to

A) provide the baby with nutrition after birth.
B) maintain the infant's body temperature.
C) provide the baby with oxygen.
D) administer needed medications.

Question 50

What is the most common cause of risk in childbirth?

A) mother's use of alcohol during pregnancy
B) mother's use of drugs during pregnancy
C) genetic conditions present in family history
D) prematurity

Question 51

A baby who weighs less than it should for its age is referred to as

A) premature.
B) preterm.
C) small for gestational age.
D) below set weight.

Question 52

Small-for-gestational infants are at the same risk for negative outcomes as those infants who are born prematurely.

Question 53

Identify four complications that premature infants may experience.

Question 54

What are three common causes of premature birth? )

Question 55

Due to the advancement of technology,babies born as early as _________ weeks of gestation can survive.

A) 18 weeks
B) 23 weeks
C) 26 weeks
D) 30 weeks

Question 56

What are four conditions associated with premature birth?

Question 57

What is the leading cause of death in newborns?

A) prematurity
B) complications during childbirth
C) infection after birth
D) negligence at the hand of the health care professionals or parents

Question 58

Tessa is HIV positive and pregnant.Due to the presence of HIV in her bloodstream,her doctor will most likely advise that she have a ________,to protect the baby during delivery.

A) assisted vaginal delivery
B) vaginal delivery
C) Cesarean section
D) induced labor

Question 59

What is the normal gestation period?

A) 35 weeks
B) 37 weeks
C) 40 weeks
D) 43 weeks

Question 60

Alice's newborn baby girl weighs 3 pounds,8 ounces.What term best describes the baby's birthweight?

A) low birthweight
B) very low birthweight
C) extremely low birthweight
D) critically low birthweight.

Question 61

Identify four of the seven areas of functioning on the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale and define them.

Question 62

The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale identifies how many areas of functioning?

A) three
B) five
C) seven
D) nine

Question 63

Most doctors administer the ________ at birth to assess a baby's physical health.

A) Newborn Behavioral Observations
B) Apgar Scale
C) Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
D) Assessment of Infant Behavior

Question 64

What test is utilized to assess the behavior of infants who were exposed to drugs while in the womb?

A) Newborn Behavioral Observations
B) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Assessment Scale.
C) Assessment of Premature Infant Behavior
D) Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

Question 65

The majority of the states across America screen newborns for more than ________ disorders.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Question 66

What is the least developed sense at birth?

A) smell
B) taste
C) sight
D) hearing

Question 67

The American Academy of Pediatrics acknowledges that the Apgar Scale can be used to predict long-term outcomes.

Question 68

What is the purpose of the Newborn Behavioral Observations?

A) to promote the bond between newborn and parents
B) to aid in parents' awareness of baby's capacities
C) to aid in parents' awareness of baby's temperament
D) all of these

Question 69

Jake is playing with his newborn son,Alex.Alex is lying on the floor,and Jake is stroking the sole of Alex's foot.Alex,in response,spreads out his toes and curls them.What reflex is Alex demonstrating?

A) Moro reflex
B) Babinski reflex
C) rooting reflex
D) crawling reflex

Question 70

Kimberly's baby receives the following scores on the Apgar Scale immediately following birth: heart rate 2),weak cry 1),muscle tone 2),reflex irritability 1),and color 1).The test is administered again 5 minutes later,and the baby receives the same scores.According to the Apgar Scale,does Kimberly's baby need assistance from medical staff following its birth?

A) Yes
B) No
C) not enough information
D) It is up to the doctors and nurses present to determine if the baby needs additional care.

Question 71

The "neonatal mortality rate" refers to

A) the death rate among newborns.
B) the death rate among infants during their first year.
C) the death rate among newborns in the intensive care unit.
D) the death rate among both newborns and infants.

Question 72

Explain why the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale can be utilized in different cultures and environments.

Question 73

Kevin,newborn,is in the kitchen with his parents.His mom is cleaning and putting dishes away,when she accidentally drops a plate.Kevin is startled and arches his back,flings out his arms and legs,but then relaxes.What reflex did Kevin exhibit?

A) sucking reflex
B) rooting reflex
C) Moro reflex
D) Babinski reflex

Question 74

Kangaroo care promotes

A) temperature regulation.
B) breastfeeding.
C) bonding.
D) all of these.

Question 75

"Anoxia" refers to

A) a lack of consciousness.
B) a lack of oxygen.
C) the rejection of food by the infant.
D) a refusal to sleep.

Question 76

"Individualized developmental care" refers to

A) care that is sensitive to the needs of the health care professionals and family.
B) care that is sensitive to the particular status and needs of each infant.
C) the attempt to minimize the difference between the womb and the intensive care unit.
D) both B and C

Question 77

________ is recognized as the most sensitive measure of premature infant behavior available.

A) Assessment of Premature Infant Behavior
B) Newborn Individualized developmental Care and Assessment Program
C) Assessment of Infant Behavior
D) Newborn Behavioral Observations

Question 78

"Reflexes" are

A) unlearned involuntary movements controlled by brain.
B) learned voluntary movements.
C) spontaneous movements learned through observation.
D) none of these

Question 79

The "infant mortality rate" is

A) the death rate among newborns.
B) the death rate among infants during their first year.
C) the death rate among newborns in the intensive care unit.
D) the death rate among both newborns and infants.

Question 80

The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale examines

A) a newborn's responses to his or her environment.
B) a newborn's responses to his or her parents.
C) a newborn's responses to life in the womb.
D) all of these.