Question 1

What group(s)of people is/are specifically protected by the Genetic Information and Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?&#10;A)Veterans and those in the active military&#10;B)Employers trying to use genetic information to make hiring decisions&#10;C)People receiving their health care through federally financed health services&#10;D)People applying for health insurance who have had predictive genetic testing

Accepted Answer

GINA specifically protects individuals who have undergone predictive genetic testing from being discriminated against by health insurers.

Question 2

What should be told to the patient who has been found to have a genetic mutation that increases the risk for colon cancer and says he does not want any of his family to know about this result?&#10;A)&#34;It is required by law that you inform your siblings and your children about this result so that they also can be tested and monitored for colon cancer.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;It is not necessary to tell your siblings because they are adults,but you should tell your children so they can be tested before they decide to have children of their own.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;It is not required that you tell anyone about this result;however,because your siblings and children may also be at risk for colon cancer,you should think about how this information might help them.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;It is your decision to determine with whom,if anyone,you share this test result;however,if you do not tell any of your family members and they get colon cancer,you would be responsible for their developing the disease.&#34;

Accepted Answer

It is not required by law to inform family members about genetic test results. However, it is important to consider the potential benefits of sharing the information with them, including the opportunity for them to be tested and monitored for colon cancer. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to share the information should be left up to the individual patient.

Question 3

How could the issue of &#34;gene patenting&#34; affect patients?&#10;A)Access to genetic testing will be improved.&#10;B)Some clinical genetic tests may be very expensive.&#10;C)Genetic science will be able to proceed at a more rapid pace.&#10;D)Gene patenting is the stuff of science fiction and will not impact patient care.

Accepted Answer

If genes are patented by companies, they can charge high prices for clinical genetic tests, which could make it difficult for patients to afford them. This could negatively affect patient care and access to important genetic information.

Question 4

A patient whose mother has Huntington's disease is considering genetic testing but is not sure whether she really wants to know if she has the mutation.She asks you what you would do if your mother had the disease.What is your best response?

A)"I would have the test so I could decide whether to have children or to use adoption."
B)"I can only tell you the benefits and the risks of testing,you must make this decision yourself."
C)"Because there is no cure for this disease and testing would not be beneficial,I would not have the test."
D)"You need to check with your brothers and sisters to determine whether testing for this disease would be appropriate for you."

Accepted Answer

As a healthcare provider, it is important to provide evidence-based information and allow the patient to make their own decision. It is not appropriate to impose personal beliefs or choices on the patient. Therefore, the best response is to provide the benefits and risks of testing and allow the patient to make an informed decision based on their own values and preferences.

Question 5

Your patient,Maggie,insists that her mother have genetic testing to determine if her breast cancer is connected to a mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes.Maggie is concerned about her own risk for getting breast cancer and that of her children,but Maggie's mom does not want to be tested.What ethical principle is one of several that must be considered in evaluating this case?

A)Maggie's "autonomy"
B)Maggie's mother's "right to know"
C)The nurse's "duty to warn"
D)Maggie's mother's "right to privacy"

Accepted Answer

Maggie's mother has the right to privacy regarding her own medical decisions. While Maggie may be concerned about her own risk and that of her children, it is ultimately up to her mother to decide whether or not to undergo genetic testing. While Maggie's autonomy and duty to warn may come into play in other situations, in this case it is important to respect Maggie's mother's right to privacy.

Question 6

Sometimes health-care providers with information about family members' genetic risk are confronted by conflicting ethical principles.Which principle is LEAST likely to conflict with the health-care provider's "duty to warn"?

A)Autonomy
B)Beneficence
C)Right to privacy
D)Genetic discrimination

Accepted Answer

Genetic discrimination is least likely to conflict with the duty to warn because it is more about the misuse of genetic information rather than the ethical dilemma of sharing information to prevent harm.

Question 7

A scientist in a distant country is working to develop a genetic test that will screen embryos so that only those producing tall children with beautiful features will be implanted.What area of genetic work or studies does this example represent?

A)Eugenics
B)Cybernetics
C)Cytogenetics
D)Genetic imprinting

Accepted Answer

Eugenics is the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the human race by selective breeding, including methods like genetic screening of embryos to select desirable traits. In this example, the scientist is working towards the goal of producing genetically perfect or desirable offspring, which fits the definition of eugenics.

Question 8

Under which condition(s)would genetic testing for predisposition to an inherited disorder in a minor child be considered reasonable?&#10;A)When the family pedigree indicates an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance&#10;B)When the risk is high and prophylaxis to reduce disorder severity is available&#10;C)When penetrance is high and the expected onset is middle adulthood&#10;D)When the mutation within a family is known and is specific

Accepted Answer

Genetic testing in minors is considered reasonable when there is a high risk of developing a disorder and there are preventive measures or treatments available that can reduce the severity or impact of the disorder.

Deck 17: Financial,legal,ethical,and Social Considerations