Deck 9: Higher Invertebrates

Question 1

Intertidal chitons and snails use the ____ as a means of attachment to the rocks.

A) foot
B) mantle
C) visceral mass
D) head
E) radula

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Most intertidal chitons are considered

A) grazers.
B) predators.
C) scavengers.
D) filter feeders.
E) infauna.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Animals covered by eight overlapping shells on their dorsal surface are

A) chitons.
B) octopuses.
C) shrimp.
D) crabs.
E) lobsters.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which genus of gastropod has been reported to have caused human fatalities?

A) Cyphoma
B) Cassis
C) Conus
D) Busycon
E) Nassarius

Question 5

Many gastropods have external shells composed of:

A) two valves.
B) eight overlapping valves.
C) a series of internal chambers.
D) one valve.
E) chitin.

Question 6

The outer layer of the molluscan shell is called the ____ layer.

A) foot
B) collagen
C) nacreous
D) prismatic
E) periostracum

Question 7

The ____ have cerata on their surface for gas exchange.

A) nudibranchs
B) limpets
C) scaphpods
D) chitons
E) cephalopods

Question 8

The nephridium of molluscs is part of the:

A) reproductive system.
B) excretory system.
C) nervous system.
D) digestive system.
E) defense system.

Question 9

Which are not correctly paired?

A) Gastropodia - snails
B) Cephalapodia - squid
C) Bivalvia - mussels
D) Gastropoda - clams
E) Bivalvia - scallops

Question 10

The molluscan shell does not contain the:

A) periostracum.
B) prismatic layer.
C) narceous layer.
D) mantle.

Question 11

Nudibranchs belong to the class ____ of the phylum Mollusca.

A) Gastropoda
B) Cephalopoda
C) Bivalvia
D) Polyplacophora
E) Pulmonata

Question 12

The structure used for secreting the shell of many molluscs is called the:

A) foot.
B) visceral mass.
C) mantle.
D) tentacles.
E) radula

Question 13

Molluscs that live in a tusk-like shell that is open at both ends belong to the class:

A) Polyplacophora.
B) Scaphopoda.
C) Cephalopoda.
D) Gastropoda.
E) Bivalvia.

Question 14

The visceral mass of molluscs does not contain the

A) circulatory system.
B) excretory system.
C) nervous system.
D) head-foot.
E) digestive system.

Question 15

The molluscs:

A) do not have a larvae stage.
B) lack a digestive system.
C) have bodies divided into segments.
D) possess a soft body covered with a mantle.
E) make a chitinous shell.

Question 16

The odontophore of molluscs is part of the:

A) digestive system.
B) nervous system.
C) excretory system.
D) defense system.
E) reproductive system.

Question 17

The digestive system of molluscs is found in the:

A) head.
B) foot.
C) mantle.
D) visceral mass.
E) mantle cavity.

Question 18

Chitons, snails, clams and squid all belong to this phylum:

A) Mollusca.
B) Gastropoda.
C) Bivalvia.
D) Platyhelminthes.
E) Cephalopoda.

Question 19

The radula functions to:

A) filter feed.
B) assist in reproduction.
C) scrape algae off of rocks.
D) assist in osmoregulation.
E) secrete the shell.

Question 20

Molluscs with a tubular shell and sheath foot are:

A) scaphopods.
B) gastropods.
C) bivalves.
D) cephalopods.
E) nudibranchs.

Question 21

Spiny bristles used for locomotion that emanate from the segments of annelids are called:

A) pharynx.
B) parapodia.
C) epitokes.
D) setae.
E) prostomia.

Question 22

The echiuran Urechis is also known as:

A) the peanut worm.
B) the lugworm.
C) the innkeeper worm.
D) the beardworm.
E) the fan worm.

Question 23

The most common marine annelids are:

A) polychaetes.
B) roundworms.
C) earthworms.
D) leeches.
E) ribbon worms.

Question 24

The siphuncle of nautiloids is used for:

A) regulating respiration rate.
B) providing propulsion.
C) regulating water and gas content within the chambers.
D) capturing food.
E) reproduction

Question 25

Which of the following has not contributed to the evolutionary success of arthropods?

A) jointed appendages
B) water vascular system
C) well-developed sense organs
D) hard exoskeleton
E) compound eyes

Question 26

Epitokes of polychaetes are:

A) feeding structures.
B) respiratory structures.
C) reproductive individuals.
D) excretory structures.
E) feeding individuals.

Question 27

The opening of the shells of some gastropods is protected by the:

A) parapodia.
B) setae.
C) operculum.
D) head.
E) cerata

Question 28

What do shipworms and a peanut worms have in common?

A) both can bore through hard substrata.
B) both are filter feeders.
C) both are in the same phylum.
D) both are hermaprodites.

Question 29

Most bivalves are:

A) predators.
B) parasites.
C) filter feeders.
D) grazers.
E) detritivores.

Question 30

The most common planktonic stage of the majority of marine gastropod species is the:

A) trochophore larva.
B) veliger larva.
C) megalopa larva.
D) zoea larva.
E) planula larva.

Question 31

An important role of burrowing animals is:

A) reducing detritus in the sediment.
B) maintaining the structure of marine sediments.
C) nutrient cycling.
D) circulating water near the bottom.

Question 32

A pile of castings outside the burrow of a polychaete indicates it

A) has just dug a burrow.
B) has completed a meal of other worms.
C) is a filter feeder.
D) is a selective deposit feeder.
E) is a nonselective deposit feeder.

Question 33

Chromatophores are specialized cells in cephalopods that are responsible for:

A) bioluminescence.
B) changing colors.
C) regulating buoyancy.
D) maintaining osmotic balance.
E) excreting nitrogenous wastes.

Question 34

The following phylum is characterized by having a hydrostatic skeleton:

A) Mollusca.
B) Annelida.
C) Cnidaria.
D) Porifera.
E) Platyhelminthes.

Question 35

The valves of bivalves are closed by the action of:

A) siphons.
B) adductor muscles.
C) longitudinal muscles.
D) myomeres.
E) mantle contractions.

Question 36

The sipunculid worms are also called:

A) peanut worms.
B) lugworms.
C) innkeeper worms.
D) fanworms.
E) beardworms.

Question 37

Swarming in polychaetes for reproduction appears to be timed by:

A) biorhythms of the animals.
B) lunar cycle and tides.
C) solar cycle and tides.
D) temperature.
E) current direction.

Question 38

Which is not a typical food item for polychaetes?

A) live capture of fish
B) live capture of invertebrates
C) detritus
D) suspension feeding on plankton

Question 39

A Tampa Bay study demonstrated species diversity and abundance of polychaetes within a square meter was in excess of:

A) 10,000 individuals among 50 species.
B) 13,000 individuals among 37 species.
C) 50,000 individuals among 50 species.
D) 100,000 individuals among 37 species.
E) 100,000 individuals among 50 species.

Question 40

Molluscs having two jointed valves or shells belong to the class:

A) Gastropoda.
B) Cephalopoda.
C) Bivalvia.
D) Polyplacophora.
E) Scaphopoda.

Question 41

Water enters the water vascular system of echinoderms through the:

A) spines.
B) mouth.
C) madreporite.
D) tubercle.
E) tube feet.

Question 42

Barnacles live a(n) ____ lifestyle.

A) planktonic
B) infaunal
C) nektonic
D) sessile
E) mobile

Question 43

Small structures used for removing debris from the surface of sea stars are:

A) madreporites.
B) spines.
C) tubercles.
D) pedicellariae.
E) the dermal gills.

Question 44

The function of chelicerae is similar to that of the __________ in crabs and lobsters.

A) reproductive organs.
B) antenna.
C) mouthparts.
D) claws.

Question 45

The beach flea Talitrus is a member of the order:

A) Stomatopoda.
B) Decapoda.
C) Euphausiacea.
D) Amphipoda.
E) Isopoda.

Question 46

What do cephalopods and crustaceans have in common?

A) they both have sharp, tearing beaks.
B) both have compound eyes.
C) both are nektonic predators.
D) in males, both transfer spermatophores into the female.

Question 47

Echinoderms exhibit modified ____ symmetry.

A) asymmetric
B) bilateral
C) radial
D) triradial

Question 48

The crabs, lobster, and true shrimp are members of the order:

A) Stomatopoda.
B) Decapoda.
C) Euphausiacea.
D) Amphipoda.
E) Isopoda.

Question 49

What is false about decapods?

A) first walking legs are usually modified.
B) eyes are compound.
C) they have only one pair of antennae.
D) mandibles are used to crush food.
E) sexes are usually separate.

Question 50

The molting process is a means for arthropods to:

A) remove winter coat.
B) slough off attached anemones.
C) grow.
D) develop a new color pattern.
E) attract mates.

Question 51

Which of the following is not a decapod?

A) shrimp
B) lobster
C) crab
D) krill

Question 52

An important food source for baleen whales are:

A) shrimp.
B) krill.
C) lobsters.
D) crabs.
E) horseshoe crabs.

Question 53

Spiny skinned organisms that have a water vascular system belong to the phylum:

A) Echinodermata.
B) Chordata.
C) Bryozoa.
D) Arthropoda.
E) Mollusca.

Question 54

____ can dominate the zooplankton community of temperate waters.

A) Copepods
B) Amphipods
C) Barnacles
D) Shrimp
E) Heteropods

Question 55

What is false about sea stars?

A) they cannot regenerate.
B) broadcast spawning is common.
C) asexual reproduction is common.
D) tube feet are located on the oral surface.
E) stomach is everted to digest its prey.

Question 56

All of the following apply to the subphylum Chelicerata of the phylum Arthropoda except:

A) they have chelicerae.
B) males are smaller than females.
C) body is composed of three parts.
D) they have three pairs of antennae.

Question 57

Arthropods having two pairs of antennae belong to the subphylum:

A) Chelicerata.
B) Insecta.
C) Crustacea.
D) Pycnogonida.
E) Cirrepedia.

Question 58

Of the marine arthropods, in which group does the male carry the eggs?

A) Mandibulates
B) Crustaceans
C) Decapoda
D) Sea spiders
E) Barnacles

Question 59

Brittle stars are members of the class ____ of the phylum Echinodermata.

A) Asteroidea
B) Ophiuroidea
C) Echinoidea
D) Holothuroidea
E) Crinoidea.

Question 60

The exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of:

A) chitin.
B) silica.
C) cellulose.
D) calcium carbonate.
E) starch.

Question 61

The role of arroworms in the pelagic ecosystem is to:

A) filter feed on small plankton.
B) link primary and higher consumers in the food chain.
C) prevent grazers from population explosions.
D) scavenge nutrition from dying animals.
E) recycle nutrients from detritus.

Question 62

Sea cucumbers and sedentary annelid worms share all but which in common?

A) both can be deposit feeders.
B) both have oral structures to collect detritus.
C) similar body segmentation.
D) digestive tract is a straight tube

Question 63

Arroworms seize their prey with:

A) tetrodotoxin.
B) stinging cells.
C) engulfing with their mouth.
D) oral tentacles.
E) grasping spines.

Question 64

____ are sea stars that have greatly affected coral reefs in the past by their feeding habits.

A) Crown of thorns
B) Purple sea urchin
C) Red sea urchin
D) Serpent stars
E) Sea lilies

Question 65

The lancelet looks like a fish but is considered an invertebrate because it:

A) lacks lungs.
B) lacks a nerve cord.
C) lacks a backbone.
D) both b and c

Question 66

Which of the following is not a characteristic of salps?

A) Free-swimming lifestyle
B) Incurrent and excurrent siphons
C) Radial symmetry
D) Bioluminescence
E) Filter-feeding

Question 67

An arrowworm is a type of planktonic

A) herbivore.
B) detritivore.
C) carnivore.
D) omnivore.
E) filter feeder.

Question 68

An example of an invertebrate chordate belongs in the subphylum:

A) Vertebrata.
B) Urochordata.
C) Chelicerata.
D) Crustacea.
E) Pycnogonida.

Question 69

The class of echinoderms that releases tubules or eviscerates internal organs is called:

A) Holothuroidea.
B) Asteroidea.
C) Ophiuroidea.
D) Echinoidea.
E) Crinoidea.

Question 70

Sea cucumbers belong to the class:

A) Asteroidea.
B) Ophiuroidea.
C) Echinoidea.
D) Holothuroidea.
E) Crinoidea.

Question 71

An ancient class of echinoderms whose members are suspension feeders with long, feathery arms is called:

A) Asteroidea.
B) Crinoidea.
C) Ophiuroidea.
D) Echinoidea.
E) Holothuroidea.

Question 72

A sea squirt uses its ____ for food collection and gas exchange.

A) siphon
B) pharynx
C) tunic
D) mantle
E) radula

Question 73

Larvacean tunicates feed by means of:

A) a mucus bubble that surrounds them.
B) feathery appendages.
C) sharp teeth.
D) sucking on benthic deposits.
E) collar cells.

Question 74

The process by which sea cucumbers protect themselves from predators by releasing their internal organs is called:

A) regeneration.
B) cryptic behavior.
C) evisceration.
D) deposit feeding.
E) molting.

Question 75

What do sea squirts and mussels have in common?

A) both are in the same phylum.
B) both have incurrent and excurrent siphons.
C) both are covered in a tunic.
D) both reproduce asexually.
E) both attach to the substrate using the same materials.

Question 76

The tunic of tunicates is composed of:

A) a cellulose-like substance.
B) chitin.
C) silica.
D) calcium carbonate.
E) starch.

Question 77

Arroworms immobilize their prey with:

A) tetrodotoxin.
B) stinging cells.
C) engulfing with their mouth.
D) oral tentacles.
E) grasping spines.

Question 78

____ are important as food in parts of Asia, and fed to chickens in Brazil.

A) Sea squirts
B) Salps
C) Larvaceans
D) Cephalochordates
E) Nudibranchs

Question 79

A toothed, biting structure found in the mouths of sea urchins that is used for rasping algae is called:

A) a tube foot.
B) Aristotle's lantern.
C) a pedicellaria.
D) an ambulacral groove.
E) a dermal denticle.

Question 80

Those echinoderms with a globular or flattened test are of the class:

A) Holothuroidea.
B) Asteroidea.
C) Ophiuroidea.
D) Echinoidea.
E) Crinoidea.