Deck 15: Medications for Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support

Question 1

In which of the following situations would digoxin be administered?

A)Atrial fibrillation
B)Symptomatic bradycardia
C)Ventricular fibrillation
D)Pulseless arrest

Answer 1

Atrial fibrillation

Question 2

Which of the following cardiac agents is also administered for allergic anaphylactic reactions?

A)Atropine
B)Dopamine
C)Epinephrine
D)Metoprolol

Answer 2

Epinephrine

Question 3

Of the following medications,which drug causes peripheral vasoconstriction?

A)Vasopressin
B)Inamrinone
C)Nitroglycerin
D)Sodium nitroprusside

Answer 3

Vasopressin

Question 4

Treatment for ventricular fibrillation includes all except which of the following?

A)Defibrillation
B)Compressions
C)Ventilations
D)Cardioversion

Question 5

All except which of the following drugs can be safely administered via the endotracheal tube during a resuscitation?

A)Atropine
B)Epinephrine
C)Oxygen
D)Sodium bicarbonate

Question 6

Vasopressin can be administered for which of the following reasons during resuscitation? I.For hemodynamic support in vasodilatory shock
II)As an alternative to the second dose of epinephrine in pulseless arrest
III)To treat prolonged cardiac arrest after administration of epinephrine

A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 7

Which of the following is an indication for the administration of atropine?

A)Symptomatic bradycardia
B)Intranodal AV block
C)Third-degree block with wide QRS complex
D)Hypothermic bradycardia

Question 8

Benefits of epinephrine include all except which of the following?

A)It increases the rate and force of myocardial contraction.
B)It improves cerebral blood flow.
C)It makes the heart more susceptible to direct countershock.
D)It increases the oxygen consumption of the heart.

Question 9

All except which of the following can be the cause of bradycardia?

A)Decreased parasympathetic tone
B)Profound hypoxia
C)Heart block
D)Damage to the conduction system

Question 10

A heart rate greater than 130 is usually due to which of the following conditions?

A)Stress
B)Fever
C)Pathologic arrhythmia
D)Hypoxemia

Question 11

All except which of the following are antiarrhythmic drugs?

A)Lidocaine
B)Inamrinone
C)Amiodarone
D)Procainamide

Question 12

Pulseless cardiac arrest is produced by all except which of the following arrhythmias?

A)Asystole
B)PEA
C)Atrial fibrillation
D)Ventricular fibrillation

Question 13

Which of the following drugs would not be used in the treatment of asystole?

A)Epinephrine
B)Vasopressin
C)Atropine
D)Lidocaine

Question 14

The administration of sodium bicarbonate is indicated in which of the following situations?

A)Cardiac arrest due to respiratory failure
B)During CPR,prior to intubation
C)Cardiac arrest due to metabolic acidosis
D)Hypokalemia

Question 15

Administration of positive inotropic drugs causes all of the following except:

A)An increased force of contraction of the heart.
B)Increased conduction through the AV node and increased heart rate.
C)Increased cardiac output.
D)Increased tissue perfusion.

Question 16

The acceptable dosage for vasopressin during resuscitation is:

A)40 units IV or IO given once.
B)20 units IV given every 10 minutes.
C)40 units IV or IO given alternately with epinephrine.
D)20 units IV or IO given alternately with epinephrine.

Question 17

A patient is brought to the emergency room in full cardiac arrest.The paramedics have not been able to establish intravenous access for administration of resuscitation drugs.Which of the following should be considered? I.Administering drugs via the endotracheal tube
II)Having the nurse insert a gastric tube
III)Using an intraosseous route

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III

Question 18

Epinephrine should be used with caution in which of the following situations?

A)Profound symptomatic bradycardia
B)Patients receiving digitalis
C)Severe allergic reactions
D)Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Question 19

Which of the following is an indication for the administration of dobutamine?

A)Clinical signs of shock
B)A known drug-induced shock
C)Increased renal vasoconstriction
D)Heart failure without signs of shock

Question 20

Administration of sodium bicarbonate causes all of the following effects except:

A)Metabolic alkalosis.
B)Increased serum sodium.
C)Enhanced oxygen release at the tissues.
D)Hyperosmolality.

Question 21

Which of the following calcium-channel blocking agents should not be used to treat atrial fibrillation?

A)Adenosine
B)Cardizem
C)Isoptin
D)Verapamil

Question 22

Which of the following arrhythmias should not be treated with amiodarone?

A)Supraventricular tachycardia
B)Ventricular fibrillation
C)Torsade de pointes
D)Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Question 23

______ 10.Patients should be placed in the Trendelenburg position prior to administration of adenosine.
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK
Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement.

Question 24

All except which of the following are indications for beta blockers?

A)Suspected myocardial infarction
B)AV heart block
C)Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia
D)Unstable angina

Question 25

Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating narrow-complex paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

A)Dopamine
B)Diltiazem
C)Amiodarone
D)Adenosine

Question 26

______ 8.Lidocaine is no longer the first-line antiarrhythmic drug used to treat ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.

Question 27

______ 2.When a patient experiences a myocardial infarction,irreversible death of myocardial cells has occurred.

Question 28

Which of the following drugs would not be considered for an asthmatic patient who requires treatment for atrial fibrillation?

A)Atenolol
B)Esmolol
C)Metoprolol
D)Propranolol True/False
Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

Question 29

______ 1.The pause in the electrical impulse at the AV node allows time for the atria to contract and blood from the atria to flow into the ventricles.

Question 30

______ 6.Norepinephrine is used for severe hypotension and low total peripheral vascular resistance refractory to other sympathomimetics.

Question 31

Tachycardia that originates in the atria or AV node is called a/an ________________.

Question 32

To treat a patient who is in ventricular fibrillation,a health care team should follow the ________________ algorithm.

Question 33

______ 4.The treatment for ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation is the same.

Question 34

______ 7.Dopamine can be used with hypovolemia after volume replacement.

Question 35

______ 9.Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction receiving verapamil may experience an increase in blood pressure.

Question 36

______ 5.Epinephrine increases the rate and force of myocardial contraction through alpha-adrenergic effects.

Question 37

______ 3.A patient with a ventricular or supraventricular rhythm that is stable must be treated with cardioversion.

Question 38

A/an _______________ is a systematic approach to help practitioners treat cardiac emergencies.

Question 39

Irritability of myocardial cells can occur due to a lack of ________________ to the myocardium.

Question 40

Pulseless electrical activity is treated pharmacologically with _______________ or _______________.

Question 41

Why is ventricular fibrillation life threatening,and how is it treated?

Question 42

Medications that are used in advanced cardiac life support are referred to as _______________drugs.

Question 43

________________ is the first drug administered for all causes of cardiac arrest.

Question 44

________________ is administered for refractory VF after lidocaine is given.

Question 45

_______________ is administered for heart failure that is refractory to diuretics,vasodilators,and conventional inotropic agents.

Question 46

Premature ventricular contractions and wide complex PSVT can be treated with ________________.

Question 47

What advantage does diltiazem have compared to verapamil?

Question 48

What are the benefits of administering lidocaine during ventricular fibrillation?

Question 49

The most common problem with procainamide,if it is given too rapidly,is ________________.

Question 50

Why is it important for a respiratory therapist to know whether sodium bicarbonate is being administered during resuscitation?

Question 51

If drugs are administered via an endotracheal tube during a resuscitation,the dosage should be increased to ________________ times the IV dose.

Question 52

The term that describes a heart rate in the normal range when tachycardia would be expected is _______________.

Question 53

________________ may be considered as an alternative to the first or second dose of epinephrine in the treatment of pulseless arrest.

Question 54

When calcium-channel blockers or beta blockers are ineffective in controlling heart rate in atrial fibrillation,________________ should be administered.

Question 55

Should procainamide be administered instead of lidocaine for ventricular fibrillation?