Question 1

What medication is most commonly used to suppress the inflammatory process associated with ILD?&#10;A)Acetaminophen&#10;B)Solubilized ibuprofen&#10;C)Prednisone&#10;D)Amoxicillin

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids, specifically prednisone, are the most commonly used medication to suppress the inflammatory process associated with ILD. Acetaminophen and solubilized ibuprofen are pain relievers and do not address the underlying inflammation. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic and would only be used if there is an infection present.

Question 2

ILD typically involves what areas of the lung?&#10;A)Right middle lobe&#10;B)Lingula&#10;C)Superior basal segments&#10;D)All lobes

Accepted Answer

ILD can involve any area of the lung, although it may be more common in certain areas or lobes depending on the underlying cause. Therefore, option D "All lobes" is the best choice.

Question 3

Clubbing of the digits&#10;A)Is a frequent finding in ILD&#10;B)Is rare,but always belies serious underlying pathology&#10;C)Is seen particularly with asbestosis&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Clubbing of the digits is a frequent finding in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ILD). It is believed to be related to the hypoxia and inflammation associated with the disease.

Option B is not correct as clubbing can also occur in benign conditions as well as serious underlying pathology. Option C is partially correct as clubbing is indeed seen in asbestosis, but it is not specific to this disease.

Question 4

Pulmonary function studies typically reveal which of the following in ILD?&#10;A)A predominantly obstructive ventilatory defect&#10;B)A purely restrictive defect&#10;C)Normal flow rates and volumes initially&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

ILD typically presents as a predominantly restrictive ventilatory defect, which is characterized by reduced lung volumes, decreased total lung capacity, and decreased forced vital capacity. Obstructive ventilatory defects are not typically seen in ILD. While flow rates and volumes may initially appear normal, they will eventually decrease as the disease progresses.

Question 5

Which of the following is not consistent with the clinical findings in severe chronic ILD?&#10;A)Elevated jugular venous pressure&#10;B)Lower extremity edema&#10;C)Left ventricular failure&#10;D)Hepatojugular reflex

Accepted Answer

Severe chronic Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) primarily affects the lungs and does not directly cause left ventricular failure, which is a cardiac condition. The other options (A, B, D) are consistent with right heart failure, which can result from pulmonary hypertension, a common complication of advanced ILD.

Question 6

Which type of cell is responsible for most of the alveolar lining?&#10;A)Alveolar macrophage&#10;B)Type I cell&#10;C)Type II cell&#10;D)Clara cell

Accepted Answer

Type I cells are responsible for about 95% of the alveolar surface area, and their thin and flat structure allows for efficient gas exchange between the lungs and blood vessels. The other cell types listed (alveolar macrophages, type II cells, and Clara cells) have different functions within the lungs such as immune defense, surfactant production, and toxin clearance, but do not contribute significantly to the alveolar lining surface area.

Question 7

A prominent component of the second heart sound (loud P2)is indicative of what?&#10;A)Pulmonary hypertension&#10;B)Mitral regurgitation&#10;C)Gallop rhythm&#10;D)Tricuspid atresia

Accepted Answer

A loud P2 (second heart sound) is typically indicative of pulmonary hypertension, which causes increased pressure in the pulmonary artery leading to the right ventricle having to work harder to pump blood through the lungs. This results in a more forceful closure of the pulmonary valve, leading to a louder second heart sound. Mitral regurgitation, gallop rhythm, and tricuspid atresia would not necessarily be associated with a loud P2.

Question 8

In ILD,damaged type I cells are replaced by&#10;A)Fibrin deposits from inflammatory cells&#10;B)Alveolar macrophages&#10;C)Secretory type II cells&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

In ILD (Interstitial Lung Disease), damaged type I cells are replaced by secretory type II cells. Type II cells are responsible for producing surfactant, which is necessary for the proper function of the alveoli. When type I cells are damaged and lost, type II cells replace them in order to maintain the structure and function of the alveoli. Fibrin deposits from inflammatory cells or alveolar macrophages are not involved in the replacement of damaged type I cells.

Question 9

The drug amiodarone,a particularly potent drug associated with ILD,is used to treat what group of disorders?&#10;A)Bronchogenic carcinoma&#10;B)Rheumatoid lung disease&#10;C)Gastrointestinal disorders&#10;D)Cardiac dysrrhythmias

Accepted Answer

Amiodarone is a drug used to treat cardiac dysrhythmias, specifically ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. It is known for its strong association with interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Question 10

Which of these breath sounds is most consistent with ILD?&#10;A)Late-inspiratory crackles&#10;B)Sibilant rhonchi&#10;C)Expiratory wheezing&#10;D)Coarse crackles

Accepted Answer

Late-inspiratory crackles are most consistent with interstitial lung disease (ILD), as they indicate the presence of fibrosis or inflammation in the lung interstitium.

Question 11

Which of these interstitial lung diseases is of unknown etiology?&#10;A)Sarcoidosis&#10;B)Silicosis&#10;C)Bagassosis&#10;D)Asbestosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these interstitial lung diseases is...

Question 12

What is the first symptom of lung involvement in ILD?&#10;A)Productive cough&#10;B)Hepatojugular reflex&#10;C)Bubbling rales&#10;D)Progressive dyspnea on exertion

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the first symptom of lung...

Question 13

The goals of therapy in most cases of ILD are all of these except:&#10;A)Preventing further exposure&#10;B)Reducing inflammation&#10;C)Reversing damage&#10;D)Identifying offending agent

Accepted Answer

The answer of The goals of therapy in most cases...

Question 14

Nitroturantoin,a well-known cause of ILD,belongs to which class of drugs?&#10;A)Antibiotics&#10;B)Chemotherapeutics&#10;C)Anti-inflammatory&#10;D)Cardiovascular

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nitroturantoin,a well-known cause of ILD,belongs to which...

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of CT scan in ILD?&#10;A)Normal CT examines slices of the tissue,10 mm thick&#10;B)High-resolution CT scan increases the patient's exposure to radiation&#10;C)High-resolution CT uses 1 mm thick &#34;cuts&#34; to examine the lung&#10;D)All the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 16

Arterial blood gases done in the early stages of ILD nearly always reveal A)Mixed (metabolic and respiratory)acidosis with hypoxemia B)Widening (P[A-a] O₂) C)Hypoxemia initially limited to exercise D)Both B and C are correct

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arterial blood gases done in the early...

Question 17

Your patient has a number of nodules in her lung with hilar lymphadenopathy.These findings are most suggestive of what?&#10;A)Asbestosis&#10;B)Wegeneris granulomatosis&#10;C)Coal worker's lung&#10;D)Sarcoidosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient has a number of nodules...

Question 18

What may be the earliest evidence on a standard pulmonary function test of the presence of ILD? A)Abnormal DLCO B)Decreased FEV1/FVC C)Widened P(A-a)O₂ D)Increased shunt

Accepted Answer

The answer of What may be the earliest evidence on...

Question 19

The most common form of ILD is&#10;A)Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis&#10;B)Sarcoidosis&#10;C)Berylliosis&#10;D)Silicotuberculosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common form of ILD is&#10;A)Interstitial...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding coal worker's pneumoconiosis?&#10;A)It develops in approximately 40-50% of exposed workers&#10;B)It is usually associated with people known to have other allergies&#10;C)It occurs in <0.5% of those regularly exposed to coal dust&#10;D)When present,it rarely is a cause of significant functional impairment or disability

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Deck 14: Interstitial Lung Disease