Deck 17: Hematologic and Immune Problems

Question 1

What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia?

A)Anemia of chronic disease
B)Sideroblastic anemia
C)Iron-deficiency anemia
D)Thalassemia

Answer 1

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 2

Dryness of the eyes and mouth is typical of which condition?

A)Sjögren’s syndrome
B)CFS
C)FMS
D)Hypothyroidism

Answer 2

Sjögren’s syndrome

Question 3

After returning from visiting his grandchildren in England, George, age 59, complains of a flulike illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia.He reports having discovered a rash or red spot that grew in size on his right leg.What disease are you considering?

A)A viral syndrome
B)Lyme disease
C)Rocky Mountain spotted fever
D)Relapsing fever

Answer 3

Lyme disease

Question 4

What is the most common cause of generalized musculoskeletal pain in women ages 20 to 55?

A)Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
B)Anemia
C)Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
D)Sports-related injuries

Question 5

If the international normalized ratio (INR) result is above the therapeutic range in a patient with atrial fibrillation on warfarin, what might the clinician do?

A)Stop the warfarin for 1 week, and then repeat the INR.
B)Withhold one or more days of anticoagulant therapy.
C)Restart therapy at a lower dose immediately.
D)The prothrombin time and INR should be reevaluated within 1 month of the dosage adjustments.

Question 6

Which of the following is identified as an eating disorder in which a person craves food substitutes, such as clay, ice chips, and cotton, and is considered an objective finding associated with severe iron deficiency?

A)Ferritin
B)Porter's syndrome
C)Hypochromasia
D)Pica

Question 7

Which type of bone marrow transplant is obtained from an identical twin?

A)Autogenic
B)Autologous
C)Allogeneic
D)Syngeneic

Question 8

Sandra is 42 years old and has just been diagnosed with leukemia.She is complaining of bone and joint pain.Which type of leukemia is most likely the culprit?

A)Acute lymphocytic leukemia
B)Acute myelogenous leukemia
C)Chronic myelogenous leukemia
D)Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Question 9

After the initial treatment for anaphylaxis, which medication should be added to prevent late-phase anaphylactic reactions?

A)Albuterol
B)Diphenhydramine
C)An H2 blocker
D)Corticosteroids

Question 10

In the United States, what is the second most common connective tissue disease and the most destructive to the joints?

A)Osteoarthritis
B)Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
C)Rheumatoid arthritis
D)Sjšgren's syndrome

Question 11

Which statement about HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for health-care workers is the most accurate?

A)PEP should be started within hours of exposure.
B)PEP should be started within 72 hours of exposure.
C)Renal and hepatic function tests should be done 6 weeks after beginning PEP.
D)PEP will prevent potential hepatitis C infection if present.

Question 12

During treatment for anaphylaxis, what site is used for the initial injection of epinephrine?

A)IV
B)Abdomen
C)Upper lateral thigh
D)Deltoid

Question 13

Which of the following disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is a folic acid antagonist?

A)Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)
B)Etanercept (Enbrel)
C)Rituximab (Rituxan)
D)Anakinra (Kineret)

Question 14

Which household solution should be used to clean a bathroom if sharing with a friend who has HIV?

A)100% bleach
B)50% bleach and 50% vinegar
C)Nine parts H₂O to one part bleach
D)The friend must have his or her own bathroom.

Question 15

When analyzing synovial fluid, if it is opaque, white, or translucent; has 5,000 leukocytes/Ml; 80% polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN); and a low red blood cell count, it may be indicative of which of the following conditions?

A)This is a normal result.
B)Scleroderma
C)Rheumatoid arthritis
D)Sickle cell disease

Question 16

Which blood test is a nonspecific method and most helpful for evaluating the severity and course of an inflammatory process?

A)Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
B)White blood cell count
C)Polymorphonuclear cells
D)C-reactive protein (CRP)

Question 17

Infectious mononucleosis results from an acute infection with which of the following?

A)Epstein-Barr virus
B)Acute HIV infection
C)Guillain-Barre
D)Hepatitis

Question 18

As a rule of thumb, the estimated level of hematocrit is how many times the value of the hemoglobin?

A)Two
B)Three
C)Four
D)Five

Question 19

The cardinal subjective symptom of sickle cell crisis is which of the following?

A)Pain
B)Nausea
C)Light-headedness
D)Palpitations

Question 20

Reuben, age 24, has HIV and just had a routine viral load test done.The results show a falling viral load.What does this indicate?

A)A favorable prognostic trend
B)Disease progression
C)The need to be more aggressive with Reuben's medications
D)The eradication of the HIV

Question 21

The current goal of treatment for a patient with HIV infection is which of the following?

A)Viral suppression of HIV to undetectable levels in the peripheral blood
B)Compete eradication of the virus
C)Encouraging the person to have no contact with uninfected individuals
D)Complete abstinence

Question 22

The exanthem of Lyme disease is:

A)Erythema infectiosum
B)Laterothoracic exanthem
C)Erythema migrans
D)Morbilli exanthem

Question 23

Which drug category of ARV therapy is generally effective in crossing the bloodÐbrain barrier and may be useful in managing HIV-associated dementia?

A)Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
B)Protease inhibitors
C)Integrase inhibitors
D)Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 24

If left untreated, this condition will progress to complaints that include multiple joint arthritis.

A)Sjögren’s syndrome
B)HIV/AIDS
C)Guillain-Barre
D)Lyme disease

Question 25

CFS tends to occur in which individuals?

A)Active, highly functional adults
B)Depressed middle-aged persons
C)Individuals with a depressed immune system
D)Individuals who are hypochondriacs

Question 26

Which person is four times more likely to develop SLE than a Caucasian?

A)Persons of African descent
B)Asians
C)Hispanics
D)Middle Eastern Jews .

Question 27

Early rheumatoid disease is characterized by:

A)Pain and swelling in both small and large peripheral joints
B)Rigid joints with diminished range of motion
C)Joint swelling and immobility on rising
D)A cardiac rub or pulmonary friction rub

Question 28

Triggering factors for acute exacerbations of which of the following conditions include exposure to ultraviolet (UV)-B and UV-A rays?

A)Rheumatoid arthritis
B)Scleroderma
C)SLE
D)Sjögren’s syndrome

Question 29

Spontaneous bruising may be seen with platelet counts below what level?

A)100,000 cells/mL
B)75,000 cells/mL
C)50,000 cells/mL
D)30,000 cells/ml

Question 30

What is the mainstay of management for infectious mononucleosis?

A)Antivirals
B)Symptom control
C)Corticosteroids
D)Isolation

Question 31

Which type of the following is characterized by fatigue on awakening that may improve with exercise?

A)Functional fatigue
B)Fatigue with an organic origin
C)Fatigue of chronic anemia
D)Fatigue of depression and anxiety

Question 32

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is a classic sign of which condition?

A)SLE
B)Sjögren’s syndrome
C)CFS/FMS
D)Lyme disease

Question 33

Which test is diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis?

A)Rheumatoid factor
B)ESR
C)CRP
D)Anti-CCP titers

Question 34

An important complication of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in patients with advanced AIDS is which of the following?

A)Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
B)Improvement in opportunistic infections
C)Restoration of immune system to preinfection status
D)Progression to AIDS

Question 35

The most cost-effective screening test for determining HIV status is which of the following?

A)Western blot
B)Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
C)Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test
D)Viral load