Question 1

Primer extension is used to .&#10;A)determine the transcriptional start site&#10;B)locate the binding of RNA polymerase&#10;C)determine the interaction of RNA and proteins&#10;D)generate primers for PCR

Accepted Answer

Primer extension is a technique used to map the 5' ends of RNAs, thereby determining the transcriptional start site of genes. It involves the use of a specific primer that binds to the RNA and is then extended by reverse transcriptase to reach the 5' end of the mRNA.

Question 2

Reporter systems are most useful for .&#10;A)monitoring gene expression&#10;B)determining DNA-protein interactions&#10;C)identifying the product of biochemical reactions&#10;D)constructing large numbers of clones in bacteria

Accepted Answer

Reporter systems are commonly used in monitoring gene expression, allowing researchers to detect and quantify gene expression levels in cells or tissues. This can be important in studying various biological processes, including development, disease, and drug response. While reporter systems can also be used to determine DNA-protein interactions and identify biochemical products, these applications are less common than their use in gene expression studies. Constructing large numbers of clones in bacteria is also not directly related to reporter systems.

Question 3

Which of the following techniques would not be useful for determining the number of mRNA copies present in a cell?&#10;A)SAGE&#10;B)DNA microarrays&#10;C)Quantitative PCR&#10;D)Primer extension

Accepted Answer

Primer extension is primarily used for identifying the start site of transcription or for mapping the 5' ends of RNAs, rather than quantifying the number of mRNA copies in a cell.

Question 4

Microarrays and SAGE have the ability to monitor .&#10;A)large numbers of mRNAs simultaneously&#10;B)small numbers of specific mRNAs&#10;C)proteins expressed under a given condition&#10;D)the binding of a protein to a DNA or RNA molecule

Accepted Answer

Microarrays and SAGE allow for the simultaneous monitoring of large numbers of mRNAs, making them efficient tools for gene expression analysis. They do not directly monitor small numbers of specific mRNAs, proteins, or protein-DNA/RNA interactions.

Question 5

Deletion analysis allows a researcher to examine the effects of regulatory proteins on gene expression.

Accepted Answer

Deletion analysis involves removing or "deleting" specific regulatory regions or proteins from a gene's promoter or enhancer regions to determine their impact on gene expression. This allows researchers to study the effects of regulatory proteins and identify how they contribute to the regulation of gene expression.

Question 6

A specific mRNA may be detected using hybridization.&#10;A)Southern&#10;B)Western&#10;C)Northern&#10;D)Southwestern

Accepted Answer

The detection of specific mRNA is done using Northern hybridization. Southern hybridization is used to detect specific DNA sequences, Western is used for protein detection, and Southwestern is used to detect DNA-binding proteins.

Question 7

DNase I protection assays or DNA footprinting is useful for .&#10;A)determining the start of transcription&#10;B)determining the location of a DNA binding sequence&#10;C)preventing contamination of RNA in primer extension samples&#10;D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

DNase I protection assays or DNA footprinting can be used to determine the location of a DNA binding sequence. It involves treating the DNA with DNase I enzyme, which will cleave the DNA at random locations unless it is protected by a protein bound to the DNA. By analyzing the resulting pattern of cleavage, researchers can determine the location and size of the protein-DNA complex. This information can be used to identify the specific DNA sequence that the protein binds to, allowing for further study of the protein's function in gene regulation.

Question 8

Levels of transcription for a specific gene are measured using all of the following except .&#10;A)quantitative PCR&#10;B)reporter genes&#10;C)primer extension&#10;D)DNA microarrays

Accepted Answer

Primer extension is a technique used to measure the length of an RNA transcript and to map the start site of transcription, not to measure the levels of transcription. Quantitative PCR, reporter genes, and DNA microarrays are all used to measure transcription levels.

Question 9

Where might green fluorescent protein be found?&#10;A)fireflies&#10;B)jellyfish&#10;C)bacteria&#10;D)algae

Accepted Answer

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was first discovered in jellyfish and has since been used extensively as a tool in molecular biology and biochemistry research. Although GFP-like proteins have been found in some bacteria and algae, jellyfish remains the primary source of GFP for scientific applications. Fireflies, on the other hand, produce their own light through a different mechanism and do not contain GFP.

Question 10

DNA microarrays are appropriate for investigating the expression of one or a few genes.

Accepted Answer

DNA microarrays are appropriate for investigating the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. They allow researchers to measure the expression levels of genes across different conditions or times, allowing for the identification of genes involved in specific biological processes or diseases.

Question 11

How might the potential binding of a protein to a specific fragment of DNA be investigated?&#10;A)primer extension&#10;B)western blotting&#10;C)gel mobility shift assays&#10;D)isoelectric focusing

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might the potential binding of a...

Deck 19: Analysis of Gene Expression