Question 1

The Sigma subunit of RNA polymerase binds to the .&#10;A)-10 and -35 sites&#10;B)enhancer&#10;C)RNA&#10;D)+1

Accepted Answer

The sigma subunit of RNA polymerase is responsible for recognizing and binding to the promoter region of DNA in order to initiate transcription. The promoter region typically includes two important sequences: the -10 and -35 sites. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. The enhancer is a separate sequence of DNA that can increase the level of transcription, but it is not directly bound by the sigma subunit. RNA is the end product of transcription, so it is not a binding site for the sigma subunit. The +1 site is the transcription start site and is important for determining the direction of transcription, but it is not where the sigma subunit binds.

Question 2

Constitutive genes .&#10;A)are usually not transcribed unless they are needed&#10;B)are only found in eukaryotes&#10;C)are constantly transcribed&#10;D)are only found in prokaryotes

Accepted Answer

Constitutive genes are constantly transcribed, meaning that they are required for basic cellular functions at all times. This is true for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question 3

Which enzyme is responsible for transcribing most eukaryotic protein-encoding genes?&#10;A)RNA polymerase I&#10;B)RNA polymerase II&#10;C)RNA polymerase III&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase II is responsible for transcribing most eukaryotic protein-encoding genes. RNA polymerase I is responsible for transcribing rRNA genes, while RNA polymerase III is responsible for transcribing tRNA and other small non-coding RNA genes.

Question 4

Transcription is the process of transferring the information in to .&#10;A)DNA;DNA&#10;B)DNA;RNA&#10;C)RNA;DNA&#10;D)RNA;Protein

Accepted Answer

Transcription is the process of transferring the information from DNA to RNA.

Question 5

Large ribosomal RNAs are transcribed by .&#10;A)RNA polymerase I&#10;B)RNA polymerase II&#10;C)RNA polymerase III&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Large ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are transcribed by RNA polymerase I in eukaryotes. RNA polymerase II transcribes messenger RNA (mRNA), while RNA polymerase III transcribes small RNA molecules, including small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). Therefore, option A is the best choice for this question.

Question 6

Which statement about Rho protein is true?&#10;A)Rho helps separate RNA polymerase from the DNA.&#10;B)Rho protein is involved in Rho-dependent transcriptional termination.&#10;C)Rho protein is frequently found in bacteriophages.&#10;D)All of the above.

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true. Rho protein is involved in Rho-dependent transcriptional termination by separating RNA polymerase from the DNA, and it is frequently found in bacteriophages.

Question 7

The eukaryotic promoter recognized by RNA polymerase II contains three regions.Which of the following is not part of the trio?&#10;A)TATA box&#10;B)upstream elements&#10;C)initiator box&#10;D)Enhancer

Accepted Answer

The eukaryotic promoter recognized by RNA polymerase II contains three regions: the TATA box, the upstream elements, and the initiator box. The enhancer is not part of the trio, as it is a separate regulatory element that can enhance or repress transcription by interacting with transcription factors and other regulatory proteins.

Question 8

The is the site on the DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.&#10;A)promoter&#10;B)enhancer&#10;C)5' UTR&#10;D)origin

Accepted Answer

The promoter is the sequence on the DNA that RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. Enhancers are regulatory sequences that can enhance or repress gene expression, but they do not initiate transcription. The 5' UTR (untranslated region) is part of the mRNA transcript, not the DNA sequence. The origin is a sequence on the DNA that is recognized by replication machinery to initiate DNA replication, not transcription.

Question 9

Transcribe the following sequence of DNA located on the coding strand:&#10;5'-ACGGTACATT-3'&#10;A)5'-ACGGUACAUU-3'&#10;B)3'-ACGGUACAUU-5'&#10;C)5'-UGCCAUGUAA-3'&#10;D)3'-UGCCAUGUAA-5'

Accepted Answer

The sequence on the coding strand is read in the 5' to 3' direction, and RNA polymerase uses this strand as a template to synthesize mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction. The complementary sequence on the mRNA will be identical to the non-coding strand, except that thymine (T) is replaced with uracil (U). Therefore, to determine the DNA sequence on the mRNA, we need to replace T with U in the sequence on the coding strand. The correct answer is A because it replaces T with U and maintains the 5' to 3' directionality.

Question 10

Transcription occurs in the of eukaryotes and the of prokaryotes.&#10;A)nucleus;nucleus&#10;B)cytosol;cytosol&#10;C)nucleus;cytosol&#10;D)cytosol;nucleus

Accepted Answer

In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus, while in prokaryotes, it occurs in the cytosol. Therefore, option C is the correct choice as it differentiates between the two types of cells.

Deck 11: Transcription of Genes