Question 1

According to the binomial naming system,the first word in the scientific name is the .&#10;A)species&#10;B)genus&#10;C)domain&#10;D)phylum

Accepted Answer

In the binomial naming system, the first word in the scientific name is the genus, while the second word indicates the species. Therefore, the best choice is B, genus.

Question 2

Membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes that are specialized for energy production are called .&#10;A)nuclei&#10;B)lysosomes&#10;C)Golgi complexes&#10;D)mitochondria

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes that are specialized for energy production. They are often called the powerhouses of the cell. A) Nuclei are responsible for coordinating the cell's activities, including reproduction and protein synthesis. B) Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down waste materials and recycling cellular components. C) Golgi complexes are responsible for packaging and modifying proteins before they are sent to their final destination in the cell.

Question 3

Cells that do not have a nucleus are .&#10;A)prokaryotes&#10;B)eukaryotes&#10;C)not alive&#10;D)animal cells

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes are cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, and they are typically found in bacteria and archaea. Eukaryotes, on the other hand, are cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, and they are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists. "Not alive" is not accurate as prokaryotes are living organisms, and animal cells may or may not have a nucleus (depending on whether they are eukaryotic or prokaryotic).

Question 4

The process of duplicating DNA prior to cell division is called .&#10;A)DNA replication&#10;B)transcription&#10;C)translation&#10;D)gene expression

Accepted Answer

The process of duplicating DNA prior to cell division is called DNA replication. It is a fundamental process in all living organisms and ensures that genetic information is passed on from one generation to the next. Transcription and translation are involved in the process of gene expression, while gene expression refers to the process by which genes are turned on or off to produce specific traits or characteristics.

Question 5

All of the following are eukaryotes,except .&#10;A)plants&#10;B)bacteria&#10;C)animals&#10;D)fungi

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are prokaryotes, not eukaryotes. Plants, animals, and fungi are all eukaryotes.

Question 6

Which of the following cellular organelles does not contain DNA?&#10;A)nucleus&#10;B)chloroplast&#10;C)endoplasmic reticulum&#10;D)mitochondria

Accepted Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein and lipid synthesis and transport within the cell. It does not contain DNA. The nucleus contains the majority of the cell's DNA, while the mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.

Question 7

A lipid bilayer surrounds the .&#10;A)nucleus&#10;B)cell&#10;C)mitochondria&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

Lipid bilayers are a fundamental component of cell membranes, including the plasma membrane that encloses the entire cell, the nuclear envelope that surrounds the nucleus, and the membranes of mitochondria.

Question 8

Membrane bound structures involved in digestion are called .&#10;A)mitochondria&#10;B)nuclei&#10;C)Golgi complexes&#10;D)lysosomes

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They are involved in the breakdown of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.  Mitochondria are involved in energy production, nuclei are involved in controlling cell activities, and Golgi complexes are involved in sorting and modifying proteins.

Question 9

DNA replication occurs in all organisms.

Accepted Answer

DNA replication is a fundamental process that occurs in all living organisms, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is crucial for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.

Question 10

Which of the following is not common to all cells?&#10;A)ribosomes&#10;B)plasma membrane&#10;C)nucleus&#10;D)cytosol

Accepted Answer

While ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytosol are all universal components of cells, the presence or absence of a nucleus varies among different types of cells. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells, such as animal and plant cells, have a distinct nucleus that houses the genetic material.

Deck 1: Cells and Organisms