Question 1

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology states that the flow of information is&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600;&#1600; .&#10;A)DNA$\to$RNA$\to$Protein&#10;B)DNA$\to$Protein&#10;C)RNA$\to$DNA$\to$Protein&#10;D)RNA$\to$Protein

Accepted Answer

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system, which is accurately represented as DNA -> RNA -> Protein. This process involves transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (RNA to Protein).

Question 2

Which of the following is not correctly paired?&#10;A)adenine:thymine&#10;B)guanine:cytosine&#10;C)adenine:uracil&#10;D)guanine:adenine

Accepted Answer

In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Adenine pairs with uracil (U) in RNA, making D (guanine:adenine) the incorrect pairing.

Question 3

The free 3' end of nucleic acids contains a and the free 5' end contains a .&#10;A)phosphate;hydroxyl&#10;B)hydroxyl;phosphate&#10;C)phosphate;phosphate&#10;D)hydroxyl;hydroxyl

Accepted Answer

The structure of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) includes a 5' end that typically has a phosphate group attached and a 3' end that has a hydroxyl group. This orientation is crucial for processes like DNA replication and RNA transcription.

Question 4

In DNA,thymine base pairs with .&#10;A)adenine&#10;B)guanine&#10;C)uracil&#10;D)cytosine

Accepted Answer

Thymine base pairs with adenine in DNA through two hydrogen bonds. This is one of the fundamental base pairings in the double helix structure of DNA.

Question 5

During DNA base pairing,which of the following would be incorrectly paired?&#10;A)guanine:cytosine&#10;B)adenine:thymine&#10;C)purine:purine&#10;D)purine:pyrimindine

Accepted Answer

Purines (adenine and guanine) always pair with pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine) and vice versa. If two purines or two pyrimidines paired, the width of the DNA strand would not be consistent, leading to issues with the double helix structure.

Question 6

All of the following are pyrimidines except .&#10;A)thymine&#10;B)adenine&#10;C)cytosine&#10;D)uracil

Accepted Answer

Adenine is not a pyrimidine. It is instead a purine. The other three options (thymine, cytosine, and uracil) are pyrimidines.

Question 7

Given the following sequence,which of the following is the complementary DNA strand?
5'-CCTAGAAACTG-3'

A)5'-CCTAGAAACTG-3'
B)5'-GGATCTTTGAC-5'
C)3'-GGATCTTTGAC-5'
D)3'-CAGTTTCTAGG-3'

Accepted Answer

The complementary DNA strand is formed by pairing A with T and G with C, but it runs in the opposite direction (3' to 5'). Therefore, the correct complementary strand to 5'-CCTAGAAACTG-3' is 3'-GGATCTTTGAC-5'.

Question 8

All of the following are found in DNA except .&#10;A)guanine&#10;B)thymine&#10;C)uracil&#10;D)adenine

Accepted Answer

Uracil is a nitrogenous base found only in RNA, while adenine, thymine, and guanine are all nitrogenous bases found in DNA.

Question 9

The monomers building blocks)of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA are .&#10;A)amino acids&#10;B)monosaccharides&#10;C)fatty acids&#10;D)nucleotides

Accepted Answer

DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides, which are the monomer building blocks of these nucleic acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, while monosaccharides are the building blocks of carbohydrates. Fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids.

Question 10

All of the following are characteristics of RNA except .&#10;A)double-stranded&#10;B)uracil&#10;C)single-stranded&#10;D)2' hydroxyl

Accepted Answer

RNA is single-stranded, contains uracil instead of thymine, and has a 2' hydroxyl group, but it is not double-stranded. Double-strandedness is a characteristic of DNA.

Question 11

DNA plus associated proteins is called .&#10;A)chromatin&#10;B)ribosomes&#10;C)nuclei&#10;D)histones

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA plus associated proteins is called .&#10;A)chromatin&#10;B)ribosomes&#10;C)nuclei&#10;D)histones...

Question 12

How many hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine?&#10;A)0&#10;B)1&#10;C)2&#10;D)3

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many hydrogen bonds form between adenine...

Deck 3: DNA, RNA, and Protein