Deck 11: Urinary System

Question 1

The combining form (CF)py/o means:

A) pus.
B) fever.
C) hidden.
D) heat.
E) renal pelvis.

Answer 1

pus.

Question 2

In the process of urine formation,filtration takes place in the:

A) renal corpuscle.
B) bladder.
C) renal pelvis.
D) loop of Henle.
E) collecting tubule.

Answer 2

renal corpuscle.

Question 3

The renal corpuscle is composed of the funnel-shaped end of the renal tubule and the:

A) ureter.
B) glomerulus.
C) renal pelvis.
D) peritubular capillaries.
E) efferent arteriole.

Answer 3

glomerulus.

Question 4

The area at the base of the bladder delineated by the urethra and the ureters is called the:

A) renal pelvis.
B) renal cortex.
C) trigone.
D) renal medulla.
E) Bowman capsule.

Question 5

The CF vesic/o means:

A) seminal vesicle.
B) vas deferens.
C) vessels.
D) bladder.
E) prepuce.

Question 6

Urine is expelled from the body through the:

A) renal tubule.
B) ureter.
C) renal pelvis.
D) calyx.
E) urethra.

Question 7

The CF lith/o means:

A) lip.
B) stone,calculus.
C) kidney.
D) good,normal.
E) renal pelvis.

Question 8

The kidneys secrete erythropoietin to stimulate production of:

A) nitrogenous products.
B) red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
C) white blood cells.
D) electrolytes.
E) amino acids.

Question 9

Waste products are transported to kidneys via the:

A) renal artery.
B) renal vein.
C) collecting tubule.
D) renal pelvis.
E) ureter.

Question 10

The renal corpuscle is composed of capillaries known as the:

A) glomerulus.
B) tubule.
C) efferent arteriole.
D) afferent arteriole.
E) Bowman capsule.

Question 11

The opening where the renal artery and renal vein enter and leave the kidney is called the:

A) hilum.
B) ureter.
C) trigone.
D) renal tubule.
E) Bowman capsule.

Question 12

Reabsorption in the nephron occurs in the:

A) Bowman capsule.
B) renal corpuscle.
C) renal tubule.
D) glomerulus.
E) afferent arteriole.

Question 13

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys?

A) Vasopressin
B) Antidiuretic hormone
C) Erythropoietin
D) Calcitonin
E) Androgen

Question 14

The CF olig/o means:

A) odor.
B) oily.
C) excessive.
D) foreign.
E) scanty.

Question 15

Waste filtered by the kidney includes:

A) bile.
B) diuretics.
C) carbon dioxide.
D) nitrogenous products.
E) chyme.

Question 16

The filtering units found in the kidneys that are responsible for urine formation are called:

A) calyces.
B) collecting tubules.
C) bulbourethral glands.
D) urinary meatus.
E) nephrons.

Question 17

The renal pelvis is:

A) an extension of the peritoneal cavity.
B) an extension of the ureter.
C) located at the base of the bladder.
D) a portion of the urethra.
E) a portion of the renal corpuscle.

Question 18

The CF noct/o means:

A) night.
B) natural.
C) near.
D) normal.
E) never.

Question 19

In a frontal section of the kidney,the outer layer is the:

A) hilum.
B) cortex.
C) medulla.
D) trigone.
E) meatus.

Question 20

After wastes are removed,blood leaves the kidney by way of the:

A) ureter.
B) renal artery.
C) portal vein.
D) renal vein.
E) urinary meatus.

Question 21

The CF urethr/o means:

A) urethra.
B) ureter.
C) urine.
D) urea.
E) uterus.

Question 22

The suffix -uria means:

A) urea.
B) ureter.
C) structure.
D) urine.
E) stricture.

Question 23

The CF kal/i means:

A) sodium.
B) lithium.
C) potassium.
D) nitrogen.
E) chlorine.

Question 24

An abnormal passage from a hollow organ to the surface or from one organ to another is called a(n):

A) duct.
B) vessel.
C) abscess.
D) fistula.
E) fissure.

Question 25

The prefix retro- means:

A) reverse.
B) return.
C) result.
D) backward,behind.
E) below,beneath.

Question 26

The suffix -genesis means:

A) forming,producing,origin.
B) generate.
C) genital.
D) glomerulus.
E) stricture.

Question 27

In glomerulonephritis,the glomerular membrane becomes:

A) inflamed and leaky.
B) infected.
C) necrosed.
D) toxic.
E) ischemic.

Question 28

Solidified protein fragments,shaped like the tubules in which they form,are called:

A) uroliths.
B) concretions.
C) casts.
D) nephroliths.
E) tubules.

Question 29

The CF azot/o means:

A) blue,blueness.
B) nitrogenous compounds.
C) glucose compounds.
D) potassium.
E) sodium.

Question 30

The condition in which excess amounts of urea,creatinine,and uric acid build up in the blood is called:

A) anuria.
B) azotemia.
C) hyperkalemia.
D) hypernatremia.
E) bilirubinemia.

Question 31

The loss of large amounts of plasma protein in urine,causing systemic edema,is called:

A) pyelonephritis.
B) hydronephrosis.
C) nephrohydrosis.
D) nephrotic syndrome.
E) nephropyosis.

Question 32

Wilms tumor is a:

A) malignant tumor of the kidney,usually occurring in children.
B) malignant tumor of the prostate gland associated with the aging process.
C) nonmalignant tumor resulting from kidney stones.
D) nonmalignant tumor present at birth.
E) malignant tumor of the bladder.

Question 33

Which term means blood in the urine?

A) Hyperuricemia
B) Hematuria
C) Uremia
D) Diuresis
E) Hemoptysis

Question 34

Which of the following pairs of words and definitions is mismatched?

A) Oliguria-decrease in urine volume
B) Diuresis-painful urination
C) Polyuria-increase in urine flow
D) Anuria-complete absence of urine flow
E) Hematuria-blood in the urine

Question 35

Another term for enuresis is:

A) dysuria.
B) anuria.
C) incontinence.
D) aspermia.
E) azotemia.

Question 36

The CF glomerul/o means:

A) bladder.
B) nephron.
C) glomerulus.
D) excretion.
E) filtration.

Question 37

The CF pyel/o means:

A) meatus.
B) bladder.
C) trigone.
D) pus.
E) renal pelvis.

Question 38

The CF ren/o means:

A) bladder.
B) kidney.
C) nephron.
D) urethra.
E) meatus.

Question 39

An inability to control urination is called:

A) anuria.
B) enuresis.
C) frequency.
D) polyuria.
E) dysuria.

Question 40

The prefix dia- means:

A) through,across.
B) within.
C) carry.
D) destroy.
E) crush.

Question 41

The presence of abnormally large amounts of urea in the blood is called:

A) uremia.
B) hyperkalemia.
C) hematuria.
D) pyuria.
E) polyuria.

Question 42

Suspension or fixation of a floating or moveable kidney is called:

A) nephrorrhaphy.
B) nephropexy.
C) nephroptosis.
D) nephrolithiasis.
E) nephrolithotomy.

Question 43

The presence of pus cells in the urine is called:

A) pyuria.
B) hematuria.
C) pusuria.
D) oliguria.
E) dysuria.

Question 44

A procedure in which high-frequency sound waves produce images of the bladder to determine bladder volume and identify incomplete bladder emptying is called:

A) cystoscopy.
B) cystography.
C) electromyography.
D) bladder ultrasonography.
E) cystourethrography.

Question 45

The condition in which the bladder herniates into the vagina is called:

A) vaginocele.
B) cystoptosis.
C) cystopathy.
D) cystitis.
E) cystocele.

Question 46

A hemorrhage from the urethra is called:

A) urethrorrhagia.
B) urethrolithiasis.
C) urethropathy.
D) urethrodynia.
E) urethrostenosis.

Question 47

The visual examination of the bladder for evidence of pathology,to obtain biopsies,and to remove pathological tissue is called:

A) cystoscopy.
B) cystopexy.
C) cystotomy.
D) vesicocele.
E) vesicostomy.

Question 48

An abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis due to accumulated urine that cannot flow past the obstruction is called:

A) pyelopathy.
B) pyelostenosis.
C) hydronephrosis.
D) ureterectasis.
E) anuria.

Question 49

The two most common causes of end-stage renal disease include diabetes and:

A) arteriosclerosis.
B) hypertension.
C) ischemia.
D) necrosis.
E) nephroptosis.

Question 50

The presence of calculi in any urinary structure is called:

A) nephrolithiasis.
B) renal lithiasis.
C) ureterolith.
D) urolithiasis.
E) pyelolithiasis.

Question 51

A narrowing or stricture of the urethra is called:

A) urethratresia.
B) urethrostenosis.
C) urethritis.
D) urethrism.
E) urethrophraxis.

Question 52

The test used to evaluate blood flow,structure,and function of the kidneys after IV injection of a radioactive tracer is called:

A) intravenous pyelography.
B) computed tomography scan of the kidneys.
C) renography.
D) renal nuclear scan.
E) electromyography.

Question 53

Crushing of a stone is called:

A) lithiasis.
B) lithotomy.
C) lithotripsy.
D) lithogenesis.
E) lithectomy.

Question 54

An inherited disease in which sacs of fluid develop in the kidney is called:

A) Wilms tumor.
B) nephroma.
C) nephroblastosis.
D) polycystic kidney.
E) nephrocele.

Question 55

Excessive urination is called:

A) polyuria.
B) nocturia.
C) anuria.
D) oliguria.
E) dysuria.

Question 56

Inflammation of the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominopelvic cavity is called:

A) periostitis.
B) peritoneopathy.
C) peritonitis.
D) serusitis.
E) seropathy.

Question 57

The presence of an abnormally large quantity of protein in the urine is called:

A) azotemia.
B) albuminuria.
C) hematuria.
D) anuria.
E) pyuria.

Question 58

Inflammation of the bladder is called:

A) vesicocele.
B) vesicodynia.
C) cystitis.
D) cystopathy.
E) nephritis.

Question 59

Excessive or frequent urination after going to bed is called:

A) polyuria.
B) hyperuria.
C) enuresis.
D) nocturia.
E) dysuria.

Question 60

An involuntary delay in initiating urination is called:

A) hesitancy.
B) anuria.
C) oliguria.
D) enuresis.
E) incontinence.

Question 61

What type of dialysis filters waste-filled blood by diverting it to an artificial kidney machine and then returning the cleansed blood to the patient's bloodstream?

A) Toxodialysis
B) Hemodialysis
C) Filtrate dialysis
D) Glomerular dialysis
E) Peritoneal dialysis

Question 62

Visual examination of the urethra is called:

A) uroscopy.
B) cystoscopy.
C) ureteroscopy.
D) pyeloscopy.
E) urethroscopy.

Question 63

The surgical fixation of the bladder is called:

A) cystocele.
B) cystoptosis.
C) cystopexy.
D) cystitis.
E) cystogram.

Question 64

What type of dialysis removes toxic wastes from the body using the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity?

A) Toxodialysis
B) Hemodialysis
C) Filtrate dialysis
D) Glomerular dialysis
E) Peritoneal dialysis

Question 65

Creation of a tubular passage into the renal pelvis to drain urine to an external receptacle when ureters are unable to do so is called:

A) nephropexy.
B) nephrostomy.
C) cystoscopy.
D) pyelorrhaphy.
E) nephrorrhaphy.

Question 66

Which abbreviation refers to chronic renal failure?

A) ESRD
B) DRE
C) KUB
D) US
E) ESWL

Question 67

The physical,chemical,and microscopic evaluation of a urine specimen is called:

A) specific gravity.
B) urinalysis.
C) renal dialysis.
D) urogram.
E) urochesia.

Question 68

The abbreviation ESWL is associated with:

A) circulatory collapse.
B) severe hypotension.
C) hemorrhage.
D) dehydration.
E) nephrolithiasis.

Question 69

Which blood test is commonly used to evaluate kidney function?

A) Blood urea nitrogen
B) Urine culture and sensitivity
C) Blood culture and sensitivity
D) Renal culture
E) Bladder culture

Question 70

Radiological examination of the bladder using a contrast medium is called:

A) cystopexy.
B) cystogram.
C) cystography.
D) urography.
E) urogram.

Question 71

Surgical repair of the renal pelvis is called:

A) nephroplasty.
B) peritoneoplasty.
C) ureteroplasty.
D) pyoplasty.
E) pyeloplasty.

Question 72

Which agents promote the excretion of urine?

A) Diaphoretics
B) Antidiuretics
C) Uremics
D) Uricosurics
E) Diuretics

Question 73

Imaging of the urethra is called:

A) urethrography.
B) ureterography.
C) ureterogram.
D) urethromyogram.
E) urethromyography.

Question 74

Which laboratory test indicates renal function?

A) BUN
B) C&S
C) PSA
D) UA
E) sp.gr.

Question 75

Surgical removal of the bladder is called:

A) vesicocele.
B) cystopexy.
C) cystostomy.
D) vesicostomy.
E) cystectomy.

Question 76

An incision that enlarges the urethral opening to relieve urethral stenosis is called:

A) urethrostomy.
B) meatotomy.
C) cystotomy.
D) ureterotomy.
E) pyelotomy.

Question 77

Which procedure is a radiological examination of the bladder and urethra performed before,during,and after urination using a contrast medium to enhance imaging?

A) Renal ultrasound
B) Renography
C) Nephrography
D) Voiding cystourethrography
E) Voiding cystography

Question 78

A radiographic examination of the urinary tract after injection of a contrast medium is called:

A) BNO.
B) PSA.
C) KUB.
D) IVP.
E) DRE.

Question 79

Which procedure measures the contraction of muscles that control urination using electrodes placed in the rectum and urethra?

A) Myorrhaphy
B) Electromyorrhaphy
C) Electromyography
D) Urethrography
E) Urethromyography

Question 80

Insertion of a thin narrow tube into the ureter to treat urine flow obstruction is called:

A) intravenous pyelography.
B) ureteral stent placement.
C) intrathecal pyelography.
D) intra-arterial stent placement.
E) urethral stent placement.