Deck 6: Nuclear Physics

Question 1

The major difference between transverse and longitudinal waves is the

A) direction of the wave motion.
B) phase difference.
C) direction of the particle displacement with respect to the direction of wave motion.
D) size of the waves.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

If a piece of ribbon were tied to a stretched string carrying a transverse wave, how would the ribbon be observed to oscillate?

A) Perpendicular to the wave motion
B) Parallel to the wave motion
C) Neither (A) nor (B)
D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A disturbance in particle motion perpendicular to the wave velocity is called a

A) transverse wave.
B) acoustic wave.
C) standing wave.
D) longitudinal wave.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A disturbance in particle motion parallel to the wave velocity is called a

A) transverse wave.
B) acoustic wave.
C) standing wave.
D) longitudinal wave.

Question 5

If a wave has a frequency of 12 Hz, it has a period of

A) 1/12 s.
B) 3.5 s.
C) 144 s.
D) 12 s.

Question 6

For a transverse mechanical wave, the particle motion is

A) both parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the wave velocity.
B) parallel to the direction of the wave velocity.
C) perpendicular to the direction of the wave velocity.
D) in all directions.

Question 7

If a wave has a period of 0.100 sec, it has a frequency of

A) 1/10 Hz.
B) 3.2 Hz.
C) 100 Hz.
D) 10 Hz.

Question 8

A series of ocean waves, each 12.0 m from crest to crest and moving past an observer at a rate of 6.0 waves per second, has what speed?

A) 72 m/s
B) 2 m/s
C) 6 m/s
D) 0.5 m/s

Question 9

Which of the following radiations has the longest wavelength?

A) Infrared
B) Visible
C) Ultraviolet
D) X-rays

Question 10

Which of the following radiations has the smallest frequency?

A) Infrared
B) Visible
C) Ultraviolet
D) X-rays

Question 11

A series of ocean waves are moving past a surfer at a frequency of 25 waves per hour. Approximately how many waves would the surfer expect during 41 minutes?

A) 1025 waves
B) 17 waves
C) 25 waves
D) 37 waves

Question 12

Which of the following radiations has the smallest wavelength?

A) Infrared
B) Visible
C) Ultraviolet
D) X-rays

Question 13

If a wave has a frequency of 8 Hz, it has a period of

A) 1/8 s.
B) 8.5 s.
C) 8 s.
D) 4 s.

Question 14

Wave frequency could be given in

A) 1/s.
B) s^-1
C) Hz.
D) any of these.

Question 15

For a longitudinal mechanical wave, the particle motion is

A) parallel to the direction of the wave velocity.
B) perpendicular to the direction of the wave velocity.
C) both parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the wave velocity.
D) in all directions.

Question 16

Wave velocity is inversely proportional to

A) period.
B) wavelength.
C) amplitude.
D) all of these.

Question 17

Which of the following characterize(s) a wave?

A) Wavelength
B) Amplitude
C) Period
D) All of these

Question 18

Wave period is the reciprocal of

A) amplitude.
B) frequency.
C) wave velocity.
D) all of these.

Question 19

Wave frequency is inversely proportional to

A) amplitude.
B) period.
C) wave velocity.
D) all of these.

Question 20

Wave amplitude is related to

A) wave velocity.
B) frequency.
C) energy.
D) wavelength.

Question 21

Which of the following sound frequencies lie(s) in the audible range?

A) 29 Hz
B) 11 kHz
C) 3500 Hz
D) All of these

Question 22

A sound level of 19 dB is how many times as intense as one of 10 dB?

A) 8
B) 9
C) 3
D) 18

Question 23

A sound with a frequency of 11 Hz is in the ______________ region of the sound spectrum.

A) infrasonic
B) ultrasonic
C) audible
D) visible

Question 24

A radar pulse returns 6.0 $\times$ 10^-4 s after it was sent out and reflected by an object. What is the separation distance of the radar source and the object?

A) 1.8 $\times$ 10⁵ m
B) 9 $\times$ 10⁴ m
C) 1.1 $\times$ 10^-3 m
D) 5.6 $\times$ 10^-4 m

Question 25

The region of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths just greater than those in the microwaves region is the ______________ region.

A) radio waves
B) ultraviolet
C) x-rays
D) gamma rays
E) visible

Question 26

Which of the following radiations has the greatest frequency?

A) Infrared
B) Visible
C) Ultraviolet
D) X-rays

Question 27

Which of the following sound frequencies lie(s) outside the audible range?

A) 14 Hz
B) 19 kHz
C) 1800 Hz
D) All of these

Question 28

The region of the electromagnetic spectrum with frequencies just greater than those in the microwaves region is the ______________ region.

A) infrared
B) ultraviolet
C) x-rays
D) gamma rays
E) visible

Question 29

Which of the following sound frequencies lie(s) in the audible range?

A) 16 Hz
B) 8 kHz
C) 1 MHz
D) All of these

Question 30

A sound with a frequency of 48 kHz is in the ______________ region of the sound spectrum.

A) infrasonic
B) ultrasonic
C) audible
D) visible

Question 31

The radiation given off by the nucleus of an atom is called

A) a microwave.
B) a gamma ray.
C) an X-ray.
D) any of these.

Question 32

Electromagnetic waves are

A) longitudinal.
B) reverse.
C) transverse.
D) a combination of these.

Question 33

Which of the following electromagnetic radiations has the greatest frequency?

A) Ultraviolet
B) Infrared
C) Radio
D) Visible

Question 34

The region of the electromagnetic spectrum with frequencies just less than those in the infrared region is the ______________ region.

A) microwaves
B) x-rays
C) gamma rays
D) radio waves
E) ultraviolet

Question 35

Sound is a(n)

A) longitudinal wave.
B) electromagnetic wave.
C) transverse wave.
D) standing wave.

Question 36

Which of the following sound frequencies lie(s) outside the audible range?

A) 25 Hz
B) 35 kHz
C) 4800 Hz
D) All of these

Question 37

Light waves travel fastest in

A) water.
B) glass.
C) a vacuum.
D) air.
E) none of these; they travel at the same speed in all these media.

Question 38

A sound with a frequency of 1000 Hz is in the ______________ region of the sound spectrum.

A) infrasonic
B) ultrasonic
C) audible
D) visible

Question 39

Which of the following sound frequencies lie(s) in the audible range?

A) 22 Hz
B) 45 kHz
C) 1 MHz
D) All of these

Question 40

The region of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths just less than those in the infrared region is the ______________ region.

A) visible
B) x-rays
C) gamma rays
D) radio waves
E) ultraviolet

Question 41

The intensity of a 80-dB whistle is doubled. What is the new decibel level?

A) 80 dB
B) 77 dB
C) 83 dB
D) 160 dB

Question 42

A Doppler red shift indicates

A) a shift toward higher frequencies.
B) a shift toward shorter wavelengths.
C) that a light source is receding relative to the observer.
D) none of these.

Question 43

For the Doppler effect to occur, there must be

A) a moving source.
B) a moving observer.
C) relative motion between a source and an observer.
D) no motion.

Question 44

The threshold of hearing is

A) 0 dB.
B) 180 dB.
C) 200 dB.
D) 70 dB.
E) 1 dB.

Question 45

During a thunderstorm, an observer notes that 20 s elapsed between the lightning flash and the sound of the thunder. What is the approximate distance, in miles, from the observer to the lightning?

A) 20 mi
B) 100 mi
C) 4 mi
D) 400 mi

Question 46

A train sounding its horn is moving toward an observer. The pitch of the horn's sound relative to its normal pitch is

A) lower.
B) sometimes higher and sometimes lower.
C) higher.
D) the same.

Question 47

If a sound level increases by 20 dB, the intensity increases by a factor of ______________.

A) one thousand
B) one hundred
C) ten
D) ten thousand

Question 48

A stretched string can have ______________ natural frequency(ies).

A) one
B) 10 times its length in
C) 5 times its length in
D) many

Question 49

The Doppler effect is observed only when

A) the source of a wave moves toward a stationary observer.
B) there is relative motion between the source of a wave and an observer.
C) an observer moves toward the stationary source of a wave.
D) both the source of a wave and an observer are moving toward each other.

Question 50

A Doppler red shift indicates

A) a shift toward lower frequencies.
B) a shift toward shorter wavelengths.
C) that a light source is approaching relative to the observer.
D) none of these.

Question 51

When an oscillator is driven in resonance,

A) there are no standing waves.
B) any driving frequency may be used.
C) all natural frequencies are present.
D) there is maximum energy transfer.

Question 52

Resonance occurs when

A) two different objects vibrate with different frequencies.
B) two different objects produce beats.
C) an object having a certain natural frequency is set in vibration by a second object vibrating at that frequency.
D) an object produces a sound.

Question 53

A Doppler red shift indicates

A) a shift toward lower frequencies.
B) a shift toward longer wavelengths.
C) that a light source is receding relative to the observer.
D) all of these.

Question 54

The intensity of a 70-dB whistle is quintupled. What is the new decibel level?

A) 70 dB
B) 55 dB
C) 82 dB
D) 350 dB

Question 55

A Doppler red shift indicates

A) a shift toward higher frequencies.
B) a shift toward shorter wavelengths.
C) that a light source is approaching relative to the observer.
D) none of these.

Question 56

A Doppler red shift indicates

A) a shift toward higher frequencies.
B) a shift toward longer wavelengths.
C) that a light source is approaching relative to the observer.
D) none of these.

Question 57

How many times greater is the speed of infrared light ( $\lambda$ = 800 nm) than the speed of violet light ( $\lambda$ = 400 nm) in a vacuum?

A) 2
B) 1/2
C) 400
D) 1; that is, both have the same speed.

Question 58

Standing waves can be set up in a string when two waves that are

A) of the same frequency and amplitude, but are opposite in direction of travel, meet each other.
B) of the same frequency, amplitude, and direction of travel are also 180° out of phase.
C) of the same frequency, amplitude, and direction of travel meet each other.
D) of the same frequency, amplitude, and velocity meet each other.

Question 59

Light can travel to Earth from a distant star, but sound cannot. Why is this?

A) Light is an electromagnetic wave, and sound requires a medium.
B) The Sun does not make sound.
C) Light is a longitudinal wave, and sound is a transverse wave.
D) The statement is false; both light and sound can travel in empty space.

Question 60

How many times greater is the speed of red light ( $\lambda$ = 700 nm) than the speed of ultraviolet light ( $\lambda$ = 380 nm) in a vacuum?

A) 1.84 , the first color of light is faster
B) 0.54 , the second color of light is faster
C) 3.00 x 10⁸ , the first color of light is faster
D) 1.00 , both colors of light have the same speed
E) 3.00 x 10⁸ , the second color of light is faster

Question 61

Of the two main types of waves, light is a(n) ______________ wave.

Question 62

If the wave frequency is doubled, the period of the wave is ______________.

Question 63

A sound with a frequency of 15 Hz is in the ______________ region of the sound spectrum.

Question 64

What is the wavelength in meters, of a sound wave (v = 340 m/s) with a frequency of 4 Hz?

A) 85 Hz
B) 1360 Hz
C) 340 Hz
D) 0.012 Hz

Question 65

All waves transfer ______________.

Question 66

The relationship of wave speed, wavelength, and frequency is given by ______________.

Question 67

The audible range of sound is from 20 Hz to ______________ kHz.

Question 68

The minimum sound intensity that can be detected by the human ear is called the ______________ of hearing.

Question 69

A wave with a frequency of 5 Hz will have a period of ______________ s.

Question 70

A wave in which the particle displacement is perpendicular to the wave motion is called a(n) ______________ wave.

Question 71

The SI unit of frequency is ______________.

Question 72

For a wave with a constant speed, the greater the frequency of the wave, the _____________ its wavelength.

Question 73

The frequency and the wavelength of a wave are ______________ proportional.

Question 74

For a wave with a constant speed, the smaller the period, the ______________ its wavelength.

Question 75

A wave is a propagation of ______________.

Question 76

What is the frequency, in hertz, of a sound wave (v = 340 m/s) with a wavelength of 10 m?

A) 34 Hz
B) 3400 Hz
C) 340 Hz
D) 0.029 Hz

Question 77

Sound is a(n) ______________ wave.

Question 78

A wave in which the particle displacement is parallel to the wave motion is called a(n) ______________ wave.

Question 79

Sounds with frequencies higher than the human ear can detect are in the ______________ range.

Question 80

Light in a vacuum has a speed of ______________ m/s.