Deck 4: The Uniform Crime Reports and Sampling

Question 1

The original UCR only reported summary counts of crime.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Coverage of the Uniform Crime Reports has steadily improved since its inception in 1930.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The hierarchy rule as employed in the UCR reports the most serious offense involved in a criminal incident.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The UCR Crime Index is an unweighted one; that is, a murder has the same importance in the overall index as bicycle theft.

Question 5

In the UCR, Part II crimes are called index offenses.

Question 6

Replication involves repeating the design and methodology of previous studies.

Question 7

Unobtrusive measures refer to secretive or nonreactive methods.

Question 8

The first major revision of the UCR took place in the sixties.

Question 9

The redesigned UCR converts to a National Incident?Based Reporting System.

Question 10

Demographic shifts may provide some explanation for rapidly rising or falling crime rates.

Question 11

There is a positive relationship between a larger, improved, and professional police establishment and rising crime rates.

Question 12

The UCR includes most victimless and white collar crimes.

Question 13

Life histories and case studies are examples of qualitative research.

Question 14

In surveys, statistics can be used to control for rival causal factors after the fact.

Question 15

The expression of crime in rates per certain units of popu lation enables a fair comparison of different size units.

Question 16

The major explanation for the "crime dip" in the eighties was increase in police efficiency.

Question 17

The UCR crime index is weighted according to offense seriousness.

Question 18

The number of state UCR programs has increased since the sixties.

Question 19

Arson is the most unreliably measured of the UCR index offenses.

Question 20

Most federal cases, "victimless" crimes, and white collar crimes are not contained in the UCR.

Question 21

Stratified samples can better assure a representative sample than simple random samples.

Question 22

Nonprobability samples violate the equal probability of selection procedure.

Question 23

The National Incident Based Reporting System still will lack the capacity to note whether a crime was committed by computer.

Question 24

The chief advantage of the simple random sample is that it is Basic and quick.

Question 25

Focus groups are employed in participant?observation studies.

Question 26

The redesigned UCR eliminates the hierarchy rule for recording multiple crime incidents.

Question 27

Criminal profiling involves attempts to construct typical characteristics of certain types of criminals.

Question 28

As larger, improved, professional police establishments were created, there was a decline in the crime rate.

Question 29

The original UCR system includes "crimes against society" as a category.

Question 30

In order to select a simple random sample it is necessary to acquire a clear and complete list of all elements of the population.

Question 31

The National Incident?Based Reporting System designates each crime as either attempted or completed.

Question 32

Simple random samples by no means guarantee probability samples.

Question 33

A simple random sample is illustrated by people?on?the street interviews.

Question 34

The original UCR system reported many attempted crimes as completed ones.

Question 35

The redesigned UCR reduces and simplifies the number of crimes recorded.

Question 36

Cluster sampling is particularly useful in surveys which are to use field interviews.

Question 37

The redesigned UCR expands the forcible rape category to include forcible sodomy, sexual assault with object, and forcible fondling.

Question 38

Simple random samples by no means guarantee representative samples.

Question 39

Probability samples are ones which assure that an equal probability of selection method is employed.

Question 40

The National Incident?Based Reporting System requires detailed data on individual crime incidents and arrests using separate reports for each incident/arrest.

Question 41

Which of the following is not an index offense?

A) murder
B) rape
C) burglary
D) embezzlement

Question 42

Cluster sampling is most useful in telephone surveys.

Question 43

Which of the following was not mentioned as a limitation of the UCR?

A) includes too many white collar crimes
B) politics in keeping statistics affects rates
C) changes in police administration affects rates
D) does not include all crime

Question 44

According to the classification of data gathering approaches in the text, the use of the Uniform Crime Reports for research purposes would be considered an example of:

A) an experiment
B) survey research
C) participant observation
D) unobtrusive measures

Question 45

Which of the following is not a probability sample?

A) quota
B) stratified
C) cluster
D) simple random

Question 46

One problem with simple random samples is that they can be cumbersome or time?consuminq to select.

Question 47

While added to the crime index by an act of Congress in 1978, which of the following crimes is not included in the actual calculation of the crime index?

A) arson
B) rape
C) larceny
D) vehicle theft

Question 48

Which of the following is true with respect to survey research?

A) there have been very few examples of its usage in criminal justice
B) its use is restricted to market and voter surveys
C) it has been particularly useful in victim surveys
D) most are invalid due to poor sampling procedures used

Question 49

A quota sample is a probability sample.

Question 50

The redesigned UCR considers crimes such as drug offenses, gambling violations, pornography and prostitution:

A) Crimes Against Society
B) Part I Crimes
C) Status Offenses
D) Victimless Crimes

Question 51

Nonprobability samples utilize an equal probability of selection method.

Question 52

A quota sample is a nonprobability stratified sample.

Question 53

The fact that the crime index is an unweighted index means that:

A) it does not control for internal validity
B) it is a hypothesis?generating device
C) it does not consider the seriousness of crimes
D) it fails to control for interdigitation

Question 54

Which of the following was not mentioned in the text as responsible for the big increase in the crime rate in the sixties?

A) better communications
B) moral decay
C) more professional police departments
D) better recording of crime

Question 55

The initials NIBRS stand for:

A) National Institute and Bureau for Research and Statistics
B) National and International Bureau for References and Science
C) Northern Interagency of the Bureau of Reports and Statistics
D) National Incident?Based Reporting System

Question 56

The hierarchy rule as used in the original UCR system:

A) reports only the most serious offense
B) orders factors according to importance
C) describes index offenses first
D) excludes Part II offenses

Question 57

Focus groups refer to attempts to construct and focus upon typical characteristics of criminal organizations.

Question 58

Multistage sampling involves combinations of stratified and/or cluster and/or simple random samples or other sampling procedures.

Question 59

Criminal profiling involves bringing together groups of volunteers in order to record their attitudes regarding crime and criminals.

Question 60

A purposive (judgmental) sample is a nonprobability sample.

Question 61

A simple random sample does not assure:

A) a probability sample
B) a representative sample
C) an equal probability of selection method
D) that the sample was selected in a probability manner

Question 62

samples refer to those that permit estimation of the likelihood of each element of the population being selected in the sample.

Question 63

This type of sampling involves taking every Nth item in a list:

A) simple random
B) stratified
C) cluster
D) systematic

Question 64

Cluster sampling is a particularly useful technique to employ:

A) when interviewing populations that are geographically widely dispersed
B) in telephone interviews of households
C) in surveys employing mail questionnaires
D) for experimental purposes

Question 65

What type of sampling procedure is most useful for participant observation studies?

A) stratified
B) cluster
C) snowball
D) probability

Question 66

Which of the following is not a nonprobability sample?

A) quota
B) purposive
C) cluster
D) snowball

Question 67

Which of the following is not true of a simple random sample?

A) it has the characteristic of an EPSEM sample
B) it assures a representative sample
C) it requires a complete list of the population to be sampled
D) it can be cumbersome to perform

Question 68

samples are those which do not utilize an equal probability of selection method.

Question 69

sampling involves using introductions from initial subjects to obtain a network of other subjects.

Question 70

This type of sampling is described as a nonprobability stratified sample:

A) systematic
B) quota
C) accidental
D) purposive

Question 71

is the term for clandestine or nonreactive methods of data gathering.

Question 72

sampling is a nonprobability stratified sample.

Question 73

The primary concern in selecting samples is that the samples are of/from the population:

A) different from
B) longitudinal characteristics of
C) representative of
D) operationalizations of

Question 74

is a type of sampling usually used in surveys that involve field interviews and is most useful in studies that involve widely dispersed subjects.

Question 75

What type of sampling procedure is most useful for interviewing widely disperse populations?

A) stratified
B) cluster
C) snowball
D) probability

Question 76

samples rely on knowledge of the distribution of a population's characteristics to choose a sample that assures representativeness of these characteristics.

Question 77

Which of the following is a description of a judgmental sample?

A) the U.S. Census
B) a marketing survey of test market cities
C) studying a sample of census tracts
D) the National Crime Survey

Question 78

A type of sampling which relies upon knowledge of the dis tribution or proportion of population characteristics in order to choose a sample which assures representativeness of these characteristics is a:

A) simple random sample
B) stratified sample
C) cluster sample
D) systematic sample

Question 79

is a research strategy in which the researcher observes a group by participating, to varying degrees, in the activities of the group.

Question 80

samples are ones in which every Nth item in a list is included.