Deck 12: Analysis of Quantitative and Qualitative Data

Question 1

means actually writing the code categories directly on the questionnaire.The codes are contained within the codebook.

A)precoding
B)codebook
C)coding procedure
D)coding

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Besides frequency distributions,criminologists often use graphs and charts to summarize univariate statistics.Some common types of graphic representations
Are the _________________,bar chart,and pie chart.

A)mode
B)frequency polygon
C)histogram
D)frequency distribution

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A column or set of columns assigned to a variable is called a data field or just a field.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

_____________ statistics describe one variable.

A)descriptive
B)statistics
C)univariate
D)multivariate

Question 5

Data ___________ means systematically reorganizing raw data into a format that is machine readable (i.e. ,easy to analyze using computers).

A)precoding
B)codebook
C)coding procedure
D)coding

Question 6

___________ statistics portray phenomena using numbers.

A)descriptive
B)statistics
C)univariate
D)multivariate

Question 7

The median is the middle point.It is also the 50th percentile,or the point at
which half the cases are above it and half below it.

Question 8

A ______________ is a document (i.e. ,one or more pages)describing the coding procedure and the location of data for variables in a format that computers can use.

A)precoding
B)codebook
C)coding procedure
D)coding

Question 9

______________ tell the score at a specific place within the distribution.

A)Percentiles
B)Z-score
C)Standard deviation
D)Range

Question 10

The _______________ is a method of data entry where the researcher manually types in the data.

A)code scan entry
B)code sheet
C)direct entry method
D)optical scan sheet

Question 11

The _____________ is a set of rules stating that certain numbers are assigned to variable attributes.

A)precoding
B)codebook
C)coding procedure
D)coding

Question 12

The ______________ is the easiest to use and can be used with nominal,ordinal, interval,or ratio data.It is simply the most common or frequently occurring
Number.

A)mode
B)frequency polygon
C)histogram
D)frequency distribution

Question 13

An optical scan machine reads information from _______________ and inserts them directly into a computer file.

A)code scan entry
B)code sheet
C)direct entry method
D)optical scan sheet

Question 14

If the frequency distribution forms a "normal" or bell-shaped curve,the three
measures of central tendency equal each other.If the distribution is a deviant
distribution (i.e. ,more cases are in the upper or lower scores),then the three
will not be equal.

Question 15

________________ is the largest and smallest scores within a distribution of scores.

A)Percentiles
B)Z-score
C)Standard deviation
D)Range

Question 16

_____________ are ways to manipulate and summarize numbers that represent data from a research project.

A)descriptive
B)statistics
C)univariate
D)multivariate

Question 17

A sheet with grids in which the researcher writes code numbers in squares that correspond to a row and column location,and then uses this to type it into a
Computer is called a __________________.

A)code scan entry
B)code sheet
C)direct entry method
D)optical scan sheet

Question 18

For interval- or ratio-level data,a researcher often groups the information into categories.The grouped categories should be mutually exclusive.Interval- or
Ratio-level data are often plotted in a___________________.

A)mode
B)frequency polygon
C)histogram
D)frequency distribution

Question 19

___________________.It can be used with nominal-,ordinal-,interval-,or ratio-level data and takes many forms.

A)mode
B)frequency polygon
C)histogram
D)frequency distribution

Question 20

The mean,also called the arithmetic average,is the most widely used measure of
central tendency.It can be used only with interval- or ratio-level data.

Question 21

A scattergram is a graph on which a researcher plots each case or observation,
where each axis represents the value of one variable.It is used for variables
measured at the interval or ratio level,rarely for ordinal variables,and never if
either variable is nominal.

Question 22

A curvilinear relationship means that a straight line can be visualized in the
middle of a maze of cases running from one corner to another.

Question 23

___________________ exist when variables appear together and are associated (they covary).

A)Bivariate statistics
B)Statistical relationships
C)Covariation
D)Independence

Question 24

________________ let a researcher consider two variables together and describe the relationship between variables.

A)Bivariate statistics
B)Statistical relationships
C)Covariation
D)Independence

Question 25

A linear relationship means that the center of a maze of cases would
form a U curve,right side up or upside down,or an S curve.

Question 26

____________________ means there is no association or no relationship between variables.

A)Bivariate statistics
B)Statistical relationships
C)Covariation
D)Independence

Question 27

A _______________ expresses scores on a frequency distribution in terms of a number of standard deviations from the mean.

A)Percentiles
B)Z-score
C)Standard deviation
D)Range

Question 28

____________________ means that things go together or are associated.

A)Bivariate statistics
B)Statistical relationships
C)Covariation
D)Independence

Question 29

_______________ is the most difficult to compute measure of dispersion;it is also the most comprehensive and widely used.

A)Percentiles
B)Z-score
C)Standard deviation
D)Range