Deck 6: Iron Metabolism and Hypochromic Anemias

Question 1

One-third of the total body iron may be found in storage pools such as:

A) Bone marrow
B) Liver
C) Spleen
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

What percentage of total body iron is present as plasma/transport iron?

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 20%
D) 50%
E) 10%

Answer 2

1%

Question 3

What are the minimal daily requirements for iron and the corresponding iron content of food required for menstruating females?

A) 1.0 mg/10 mg
B) 2.0 mg/20 mg
C) 3.0 mg/30 mg
D) 0.5 mg/5 mg

Answer 3

2.0 mg/20 mg

Question 4

Two-thirds of the total body iron is found as _________.

A) Transferrin
B) Heme in hemoglobin
C) Heme in myoglobin
D) Globin in hemoglobin
E) None of the above

Question 5

Approximately how many milligrams (mg) of iron is lost during pregnancy?

A) 10 mg
B) 100 mg
C) 500 mg
D) 1000 mg
E) 5000 mg

Question 6

Which of the following is a beta globulin synthesized in the liver and a transport protein specific for iron?

A) Haptoglobin
B) Albumin
C) Transferrin
D) Hemopexin
E) None of the above

Question 7

To carry oxygen iron must be in what state in the heme of the hemoglobin molecule?

A) Ferric (Fe³⁺)
B) Carboxylated iron
C) Ferrous (Fe²⁺)
D) Metheme
E) None of the above

Question 8

For infants, what are the minimal daily requirements for iron and the corresponding iron content of food required?

A) 1.0 mg/10 mg
B) 2.0 mg/20 mg
C) 3.0 mg/30 mg
D) 0.5 mg/5 mg

Question 9

Which of the following is stored in macrophages and can be visualized in bone marrow aspirates by staining with Prussian blue?

A) Hemosiderin
B) Transferrin
C) Hemopexin
D) Haptoglobin
E) None of the above

Question 10

Iron absorption is influenced by which of the following?

A) Amount and type of iron accessible from food
B) Functional state of the gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas
C) Current iron stores
D) Erythropoietic needs
E) All of the above

Question 11

Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by:

A) Macrocytic, hyperchromic RBCs
B) Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs
C) Increased bone marrow storage iron
D) Increased bone marrow ringed sideroblasts
E) None of the above

Question 12

What are the minimal daily requirements for iron and the corresponding iron content of food required for men and nonmenstruating females?

A) 1.0 mg/10 mg
B) 2.0 mg/20 mg
C) 3.0 mg/30 mg
D) 0.5 mg/5 mg

Question 13

The majority of the daily iron requirements for production of RBCs is released during daily RBC turnover of aged red cells and is called __________.

A) Recycled iron
B) Stored body iron
C) Myoglobin iron
D) Absorbed iron
E) Hemosiderin

Question 14

Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by:

A) Decreased serum iron, decreased ferritin, and increased total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)
B) Increased serum iron , increased ferritin, and increased TIBC
C) Decreased serum iron, decreased ferritin, and decreased TIBC
D) Normal serum iron, decreased ferritin, and decreased TIBC
E) None of the above

Question 15

Approximately what percent of ingested iron is absorbed?

A) 1%
B) 5-10%
C) 25-50%
D) 90%
E) None of the above

Question 16

Which pH facilitates ferrous iron absorption in the small intestines?

A) Alkaline
B) Acidic
C) Neutral
D) Any of the above
E) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is readily absorbed by intestinal mucosal cells?

A) Ferric iron (Fe³⁺)
B) Ferrous iron (Fe²⁺)
C) Hemosiderin
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 18

For pregnant women, what are the minimum daily requirements for iron and the corresponding iron content of food required?

A) 1.0 mg/10 mg
B) 2.0 mg/20 mg
C) 3.0 mg/30 mg
D) 0.5 mg/5 mg

Question 19

How many milligrams of iron are needed to produce 1 mL of red blood cells (RBCs)?

A) 1 mg
B) 10 mg
C) 20 mg
D) 3 mg
E) 0.5 mg

Question 20

The storage form of iron is called __________.

A) Ferrous iron
B) Hemopexin
C) Transferrin
D) Ferritin
E) None of the above

Question 21

Which of the following are common causes of iron deficiency anemia worldwide?

A) Chronic blood loss
B) Inadequate diet and malabsorption
C) Pregnancy
D) Excessive menstrual blood loss (premenopausal women)
E) All of the above

Question 22

Which of the following represent(s) an acquired sideroblastic anemia producing a microcytic hypochromic anemia with basophilic stippling, skin lesions, and neurologic dysfunction?

A) Inflammation
B) Lead poisoning
C) Iron-deficiency anemia
D) Anemia of chronic disease
E) All of the above

Question 23

Which of the following represent(s) stained iron particles in the RBC?

A) Heinz bodies
B) Howell-Jolly bodies
C) Pappenheimer bodies
D) Cabot rings
E) None of the above

Question 24

Disorders commonly associated with anemia of chronic disease include:

A) Infections
B) Malignant neoplasms
C) Autoimmune diseases
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 25

Which of the following laboratory results characterize(s) iron-deficiency anemia?

A) Decreased hemoglobin
B) Decreased MCV (mean corpuscular volume)
C) Decreased MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin)
D) Decreased MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)
E) All of the above

Question 26

Which of the following characterizes the microcytic, hypochromic anemia of chronic disease or infection?

A) Increases marrow iron
B) Decreases serum iron
C) Normal to increased serum ferritin
D) Decreased TIBC
E) All of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is (are) characteristic of lead poisoning?

A) Basophilic stippling in RBCs
B) Increased free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP)
C) Microcytic hypochromic anemia
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 28

Which of the following disorders represent(s) a problem in forming the RBC hemoglobin molecule, resulting in a microcytic hypochromic anemia?

A) Iron-deficiency anemia
B) Sideroblastic anemia
C) Thalassemia
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 29

Hemosiderosis is the accumulation of excess __________ in the macrophages of various tissues.

A) Iron
B) Heme
C) Hemopexin
D) Globin
E) All of the above

Question 30

Which of the following characterize(s) the microcytic hypochromic sideroblastic anemia?

A) Increased ringed sideroblasts
B) Increased serum ferritin
C) Dimorphic blood picture
D) Basophilic stippling
E) All of the above

Question 31

Which of the following symptoms may suggest iron-deficiency anemia?

A) Fatigue
B) Lethargy
C) Dizziness
D) All of the above
E) None of the above