Deck 3: Cardiovascular Pathologies

Question 1

Which of the following describes "ascites"?

A) Pulmonary edema
B) Peripheral edema
C) Abdominal edema
D) Dependent edema

Answer 1

Abdominal edema

Question 2

The perceived rate of exertion (RPE)is a subjective scale used to determine a safe level of intensity of activity for patients with cardiac problems.Which of the following statements regarding the RPE is true?

A) The monitoring of the RPE is of no actual use because it is a subjective scale.
B) A number 20 on the scale defines a minimal level of exertion.
C) During exercise,the RPE,as well as the vital signs and any observable signs of discomfort,should be monitored.
D) Only the RPE should be monitored during exercise.

Answer 2

During exercise,the RPE,as well as the vital signs and any observable signs of discomfort,should be monitored.

Question 3

When working with individuals on the intensive care unit who have cardiac conditions,the PTA should alert the nurse to the treatment session in case lead wires from the cardiac monitor become detached during the treatment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Raynaud's disease or phenomenon is classified as a peripheral vascular disease with a neurological component.Which of the following statements about Raynaud's is FALSE?

A) It's common in women between the ages of 20 and 49.
B) It's common in people with connective tissue diseases.
C) It causes paleness of the skin,especially of the hands.
D) Cold packs alleviate (reduce)the symptoms.

Question 5

Which of the following patients is MOST at risk for atherosclerosis and heart disease?

A) A 60-year-old female with no history of diabetes who does not smoke,has a low cholesterol level,weighs 120 pounds,and has no family history of heart disease
B) A 60-year-old male with no history of diabetes who does not smoke,has a low cholesterol level,weighs 170 pounds,and has no family history of heart disease
C) A 60-year-old female with a history of diabetes for 10 years,who does not smoke,has a low cholesterol level,weighs 120 pounds and has a family history of heart disease
D) A 60-year-old male with a history of diabetes for 10 years,who smokes 20 cigarettes a day,has a high cholesterol level,weighs 270 pounds,and has a family history of heart disease

Question 6

Which of the following procedures is considered invasive?

A) Echocardiography
B) Exercise stress test
C) Cardiac catheterization
D) Positron emission tomography

Question 7

Your 60-year-old male patient experiences periodic pain in the upper chest and left shoulder when he overexerts himself,is under emotional stress,or is in places where the temperature and humidity are high.He has had this problem for several years,and the pain is relieved with rest and taking a nitroglycerin tablet.The most likely reason for these symptoms is:

A) angina pectoris.
B) cardiomyopathy.
C) congestive heart failure.
D) endocarditis.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of iron-deficient anemia?

A) Fatigue
B) Chest pain
C) Dyspnea
D) Loss of muscle control

Question 9

The rate-pressure product (RPP)is achieved by multiplying the heart rate by the systolic blood pressure.A five-digit number is obtained,but the last two digits are not used.The number provides an indication of the aerobic exercise condition of the patient.As the aerobic fitness improves,the RPP:

A) reduces.
B) increases.
C) remains the same.
D) doubles.

Question 10

Hodgkin's disease is a nonmalignant disease of the white blood cells.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding the LEFT atrium of the heart is true?

A) It receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae.
B) It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.
C) It receives deoxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.
D) It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Question 12

Your patient relates being able to walk for about 15 feet and then experiences severe pain in his posterior lower leg (calf).He is unable to use his exercise bike or stand still for more than 1 minute without having the same pain.The most likely explanation is:

A) cyanosis.
B) intermittent claudication.
C) palpitations.
D) syncope.

Question 13

Leukocytosis is defined as:

A) an increase in white blood cell count.
B) a decrease in white blood cell count.
C) an increase in red blood cell count.
D) a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood.

Question 14

Leukemias are malignant neoplasms of the blood cells or blood-forming organs often with no known cause.

Question 15

Physical therapy intervention for lymphedema is a specialized field within physical therapy that involves clearing the proximal areas of the lymphatic system to stimulate drainage.The PTA has the option of specialization in the management of lymphedema through further education and certification.

Question 16

The sequence of transmission of nervous impulses in the heart is:

A) AV node $\to$ SA node $\to$ Bundle of His $\to$ Purkinje network
B) SA node $\to$ Bundle of His $\to$ AV node $\to$ Purkinje network
C) SA node $\to$ AV node $\to$ Bundle of His $\to$ Purkinje network
D) SA node $\to$ AV node $\to$ Purkinje network $\to$ Bundle of His

Question 17

A heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute is considered to be:

A) bradycardia.
B) syncope.
C) tachycardia.
D) tachypnea.

Question 18

In the case of arterial insufficiency (peripheral vascular disease),which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A) Massage of the limb is contraindicated.
B) The head end of the bed should be raised at night.
C) The foot end of the bed should be raised at night.
D) The person should not wear compression stockings.

Question 19

Cardiac output is defined as the amount of blood pumped out by:

A) one ventricle in 1 minute.
B) both ventricles in 1 minute.
C) one ventricle in one beat of the heart.
D) both ventricles in one beat of the heart.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding mitral valve incompetence is NOT true?

A) Mitral valve problems are often genetically inherited.
B) Mitral valve incompetence is a rare problem.
C) A person with mitral valve incompetence may not have any symptoms.
D) The mitral valve can be surgically replaced.