Question 1

Which of the following is not a known symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome?&#10;A)Facial malformations&#10;B)Respiratory difficulties&#10;C)Behavioral disorders&#10;D)Learning disabilities

Accepted Answer

Respiratory difficulties are not a known symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome. Facial malformations, behavioral disorders, and learning disabilities are commonly associated with the condition.

Question 2

Responses to moral dilemmas are only moderately correlated with actual behavior.Which of the following may be seen to increase the strength of correlations between hypothetical responses and actual behavior?

A)Posing dilemmas focused on abstract situations not likely to be faced by respondents
B)Posing dilemmas focused on life-or-death decisions that will lead to more honest responding
C)Posing dilemmas focused on lighthearted subjects that will put respondents more at ease
D)Posing dilemmas focused on realistic situations that are likely to be faced on a regular basis

Accepted Answer

Posing dilemmas that are focused on realistic situations that are likely to be faced on a regular basis will increase the strength of correlations between hypothetical responses and actual behavior. This is because individuals are more likely to behave in accordance with their moral beliefs when faced with situations that are similar to those they have already thought about. Posing dilemmas focused on abstract situations (A), lighthearted subjects (C), or life-or-death decisions (B) may not accurately reflect the types of moral dilemmas individuals actually face in their daily lives, making it less likely for their hypothetical responses to align with their actual behavior.

Question 3

In several of his movies,actor Adam Sandler has achieved fame by playing buffoons whose _____ ages were clearly far behind their _____ ages.&#10;A)social; chronological&#10;B)adolescent; adult&#10;C)mental; social&#10;D)chronological; mental

Accepted Answer

Adam Sandler's characters often act in a socially immature manner that does not match their actual age, making "social; chronological" the correct choice.

Question 4

Young Eli,only a bit over 18 months of age,has been fooled by his parents.In order to get him to willingly take a children's chewable vitamin every day,his parents have taught him that it is a "candy." Now,whenever Eli sees any product that is small and brightly colored,he says "Candy! YUMMM!" and tries to put it into his mouth.Eli's attempt to make new stimuli consistent with his existing mental structures is an example of _____.

A)centration
B)egocentrism
C)accommodation
D)assimilation

Accepted Answer

Eli's attempt to fit new stimuli (small and brightly colored objects) into his existing mental structure (candy) is an example of assimilation. He is applying his previous knowledge about candy to new objects, assuming they are also candy.

Question 5

_____ behaviors are defined as bodily motions that are self-initiated and move bones and muscles.&#10;A)Motor&#10;B)Muscular&#10;C)Physical&#10;D)Physiological

Accepted Answer

Motor behaviors involve self-initiated bodily motions that result in movement of bones and muscles. Muscular and physical behaviors may be related, but do not fully encompass the self-initiated aspect of motor behaviors. Physiological behaviors may refer to internal bodily processes, rather than overt physical movements.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is illustrative of the post hoc fallacy?&#10;A)Believing that because most professional athletes lift weights,weightlifting produces professional athletes&#10;B)Believing that because someone is muscular in body type,she is more likely to become a professional athlete&#10;C)Believing that because someone is specially trained,he is more likely to become a professional athlete&#10;D)Believing that because someone has benefited from the best coaching,she will have a good chance of becoming a professional athlete

Accepted Answer

The post hoc fallacy is the assumption that just because one event follows another, the first event caused the second event. In this case, the belief that weightlifting produces professional athletes because most professional athletes lift weights is an example of the post hoc fallacy.

Question 7

Which of the following physical changes is associated with aging in men?&#10;A)A loss of ability to hear low-pitched sounds&#10;B)A reduction in testosterone levels&#10;C)A reduction in interest in his career&#10;D)An increase in the speed at which a man gets an erection

Accepted Answer

As men age, their testosterone levels typically decrease, which can lead to physical changes such as reduced muscle mass, decreased sex drive, and erectile dysfunction.

Question 8

At five years old,Sammy is better able to understand his friends' feelings as compared to when he was three years old.Sammy is acquiring a&#10;A)theory of mind.&#10;B)self-concept.&#10;C)sense of identity.&#10;D)sense of self-reflection.

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind refers to the ability to understand and attribute mental states, such as thoughts, beliefs, and emotions, to oneself and others. Sammy's improved ability to understand his friends' feelings suggests that he is developing a theory of mind. Self-concept, sense of identity, and sense of self-reflection refer to more complex psychological concepts that typically develop later in childhood and adolescence.

Question 9

&#34;Human beings do not demonstrate _____,&#34; said Professor Spiegelman.&#34;Otherwise,most newborns would think that the physician who was handling the childbirth was its mother or father!&#34;&#10;A)plasticity&#10;B)reflexes&#10;C)instincts&#10;D)imprinting

Accepted Answer

Imprinting is the correct answer because it refers to a critical period shortly after birth when certain animals form attachments and recognize as their own, typically their mother. The context implies that humans do not imprint in the same way, as they do not automatically consider the first person they see (like a physician) to be their parent.

Question 10

During menarche,teenagers experience&#10;A)the start of menstruation.&#10;B)the first ejaculation.&#10;C)voice changes.&#10;D)the end of menstruation.

Accepted Answer

Menarche is the onset of menstruation in girls, usually occurring between the ages of 11 and 14. It is the first occurrence of menstrual bleeding and marks the beginning of puberty in females. B, C, and D are not related to menarche.

Deck 10: Human Development