Question 1

The lymphatic system functions to do all of the following EXCEPT&#10;A) collect extracellular fluid.&#10;B) filter bacteria and waste products.&#10;C) exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.&#10;D) assist to maintain adequate blood volume and pressure.

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic system is responsible for collecting extracellular fluid, filtering bacteria and waste products, and assisting in maintaining adequate blood volume and pressure. However, it is not involved in the exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen, which is the function of the respiratory system.

Question 2

A type of cerebral hemorrhage that occurs in a vein with symptoms that occur over time is which of the following?&#10;A) Epidural bleed&#10;B) Ischemic bleed&#10;C) Varicose bleed&#10;D) Subdural bleed

Accepted Answer

A subdural bleed occurs when blood vessels between the surface of the brain and the outermost layers of the brain's covering (the dura) are ruptured, causing bleeding in the space between the dura and the brain. Symptoms of a subdural bleed can occur over time, unlike epidural bleeds which typically have rapid onset, and ischemic bleeds which involve a lack of blood flow to the brain rather than bleeding. Varicose bleeds are unrelated to cerebral hemorrhages.

Question 3

The main branch artery that supplies blood to the forearm and hand is which of the following?&#10;A) Radial and ulnar&#10;B) Axillary&#10;C) Subclavian&#10;D) Internal iliac

Accepted Answer

The radial and ulnar arteries are the two main branch arteries that supply blood to the forearm and hand. The axillary artery is the main artery that supplies blood to the upper arm, while the subclavian artery supplies blood to the head, neck, and arms. The internal iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvic region.

Question 4

At which vertebral level does the descending aorta branch into the common iliac arteries?&#10;A) T10&#10;B) T12&#10;C) L2&#10;D) L4

Accepted Answer

The descending aorta bifurcates into the common iliac arteries at the level of L4 vertebra.

Question 5

Movement of lymph through the system is influenced by any of the following EXCEPT&#10;A) skeletal muscle contraction.&#10;B) diaphragm movement with abdominal breathing.&#10;C) intestinal peristalsis.&#10;D) stretch reflex of lymph angions.

Accepted Answer

Intestinal peristalsis primarily moves contents through the gastrointestinal tract rather than significantly influencing the movement of lymph through the lymphatic system.

Question 6

The valve that allows one-way blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle is which of the following?&#10;A) Pulmonary valve&#10;B) Aortic valve&#10;C) Tricuspid valve&#10;D) Bicuspid valve

Accepted Answer

The valve that allows one-way blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle is the bicuspid valve, also known as the mitral valve. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle, while the pulmonary valve and aortic valve are located in the arteries leaving the heart.

Question 7

Each of the following differences between a lymph vessel and a vein are accurate EXCEPT&#10;A) lymph vessels are wider than veins.&#10;B) lymph vessels have thicker walls than veins.&#10;C) lymph vessels contain more valves than veins.&#10;D) lymph vessels contain nodes.

Accepted Answer

Lymph vessels generally have thinner walls than veins, not thicker.

Question 8

A cardiac pathology characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood and leading to fluid congestion in tissues of the body is which of the following?&#10;A) Congestive heart failure&#10;B) Atherosclerosis&#10;C) Myocardial infarction&#10;D) Heart murmur

Accepted Answer

Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, leading to fluid buildup (congestion) in various tissues and organs. Atherosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to buildup of plaque. Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is a sudden blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle. Heart murmur is an abnormal sound in the heart caused by turbulent blood flow.

Question 9

The outermost layer of a blood vessel is made up of which type of tissue?&#10;A) Endothelium&#10;B) Smooth muscle&#10;C) Elastic fiber&#10;D) Connective tissue

Accepted Answer

The outermost layer of a blood vessel is known as the adventitia or tunica externa. This layer is primarily composed of connective tissue, which provides structure and support to the vessel. The other choices, endothelium, smooth muscle, and elastic fiber, are typically found in the inner layers of blood vessels.

Question 10

The joining of vessels to provide alternate circulation in case of a blood vessel blockage is referred to as which of the following?&#10;A) Aneurysm&#10;B) Anastomosis&#10;C) Arteriole&#10;D) Angion

Accepted Answer

The joining of vessels to provide alternate circulation in case of a blood vessel blockage is referred to as anastomosis. Aneurysm is the abnormal enlargement of a blood vessel, arteriole is a small branch of an artery, and angion is not a term related to blood vessels.

Question 11

A circulatory pathology characterized by inflammation of a vein is which of the following?&#10;A) Aneurysm&#10;B) Phlebitis&#10;C) Embolism&#10;D) Occlusion

Accepted Answer

The answer of A circulatory pathology characterized by inflammation of...

Question 12

The main branch artery that supplies blood to the knee is which of the following?&#10;A) External iliac&#10;B) Femoral&#10;C) Posterior tibial&#10;D) Popliteal

Accepted Answer

The answer of The main branch artery that supplies blood...

Deck 7: Circulatory System