Deck 14: Intermittent Compression

Question 1

Through what mechanism(s)does external compression reduce pain? Select all that apply.

A) Decreasing mechanical pressure
B) Restoring normal joint range of motion
C) Restoring normal joint function
D) Reducing secondary cell death
E) Blocking the transmission of nociceptive signals

Answer 1

A,B,C

Question 2

Which are indications for the use of intermittent compression as a treatment? Select all that apply.

A) Post-traumatic edema
B) Postsurgical edema
C) Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis
D) Dermatitis
E) Acute pulmonary edema

Answer 2

A,B,C

Question 3

Which statement is true concerning the evidence of intermittent compression?

A) The efficacy of intermittent compression for increasing venous flow has not been substantiated.
B) The efficacy of intermittent compression for lymphedema is widely accepted.
C) Research has shown that intermittent compression is more effective than compression wrap and elevation for reducing pitting edema.
D) Research on the optimal treatment duration and duty cycle for reducing lymphedema is inconclusive.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Excess fluids that build up within a joint can lead to what inhibitory reflex?

A) Arthrogenic muscle inhibition
B) Accessory muscle inhibition
C) Altered muscle inhibition
D) Arthrometric muscle inhibition

Question 5

The primary contraindications to intermittent compression are associated with the significant increase in flow through the venous system.

Question 6

Compression units should not be used until what pathologies have been ruled out? Select all that apply.

A) Fracture
B) Compartment syndrome
C) Acute sprain
D) Acute strain
E) Chronic arthritis

Question 7

There is an increase in venous blood flow from the leg when sequential compression is applied to the foot and leg when compared to intermittent compression of the calf alone.

Question 8

Circumferential compression applies an equal amount of pressure to all parts of the extremity simultaneously.

Question 9

Intermittent compression is substantially more effective at treating lymphedema than post-traumatic edema.

Question 10

When applying intermittent compression for long periods of time,which of the following should be checked regularly?

A) Capillary refill and unexpected pitting edema
B) Capillary refill and limb girth
C) Pitting edema and limb volume
D) Limb volume and limb girth

Question 11

When using intermittent compression to treat lymphedema,what is the common duration of treatment?

A) 20 min
B) 10 min
C) 30 min
D) Several hours

Question 12

Protein-rich matter is more responsive to intermittent compression than fluids.

Question 13

According to the practical evidence,in comparison to intermittent compression,constant compression units are primarily used for what two purposes?

A) Preventing swelling and assisting in venous return
B) Preventing swelling and activating the lymphatic return mechanism
C) Activating the lymphatic return mechanism and assisting in venous return
D) Assisting in venous return and reduce ecchymosis

Question 14

What is the normal pressure range when using intermittent compression to treat the upper extremity?

A) 30 to 60 mm Hg
B) 10 to 30 mm Hg
C) 60 to 100 mm Hg
D) 100 to 120 mm Hg

Question 15

When subacute or chronic conditions exist,what is an intermittent or sequential compression unit best used for? Select all that apply.

A) Reducing edema
B) Preventing edema
C) Decreasing ecchymosis
D) Preventing ecchymosis
E) Increasing lymphatic return

Question 16

Which statement is true concerning the pressure gradient created by the application of external compression?

A) The gradient between the tissue hydrostatic pressure and the capillary filtration pressure is increased.
B) A second pressure gradient is formed between the higher pressure in the proximal portion and the lower pressure in the distal portion.
C) Elevating the extremity during the treatment does not alter the pressure gradients.
D) Spreading solid edematous matter over a larger area with external compression allows more lymphatic ducts to absorb the wastes.

Question 17

Where on the foot does external compression need to be applied to successfully reduce foot edema?

A) Plantar aspect
B) Dorsal aspect
C) Medial aspect
D) Lateral aspect

Question 18

Which are contraindications to the application of intermittent compression? Select all that apply.

A) Primary and secondary lymphedema
B) Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis
C) Peripheral vascular disease
D) Arteriosclerosis
E) Thrombophlebitis

Question 19

When using external compression to treat lower leg edema,pressures of ___have been shown to increase venous flow by 175 percent.

A) 35 to 55 mm Hg
B) 10 to 30 mm Hg
C) 65 to 95 mm Hg
D) 90 to 100 mm Hg

Question 20

When treating lymphedema,what is the typical treatment time of intermittent compression?

A) 5 minutes
B) 20 to 30 minutes
C) 60 minutes
D) Several hours