Question 1

Which of the following is true about teaching prosocial skills?&#10;A) It should be done at home, not at school&#10;B) It is one approach to teaching children morals&#10;C) It never uses social interaction as part of the process&#10;D) It is not used in schools today

Accepted Answer

Teaching prosocial skills is seen as one approach to teaching children morals, along with other methods such as modeling and direct instruction. It can be done both at home and in the school setting and typically involves social interaction as part of the process. Prosocial skills are widely recognized as important for promoting positive social behavior and preventing negative outcomes such as aggression and social withdrawal.

Question 2

Which theorist is best known for research on moral decision making?&#10;A) Kohlberg&#10;B) Erikson&#10;C) Gardner&#10;D) Vygotsky

Accepted Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg is best known for his research on moral decision making, particularly his theory of moral development which outlines stages of moral reasoning and decision making. Kohlberg's theory has been influential in the fields of psychology, education, and ethics.

Question 3

A family-centered approach to kindergarten has which of the following characteristics.&#10;A) The teacher sees the importance of creating a relationship with each family&#10;B) The orientation to the school is conducted in the auditorium with all the parents in attendance before school starts&#10;C) Parents are told what their obligations to the school are&#10;D) Teachers make it clear that parents are not to talk to the teacher except during pre-arranged conferences

Accepted Answer

A family-centered approach to kindergarten values the relationship between the teacher and each family. It recognizes that each family is unique and has its own needs, concerns, and strengths. The teacher should work to establish a partnership with each family to support the child's learning and development. Options B, C, and D do not reflect a family-centered approach and do not promote a collaborative partnership between the teacher and the family.

Question 4

In the story of Michael, what did the teachers come to understand about his behavior?&#10;A) That Michael was a child that could not be reached&#10;B) That Michael was a child who could easily connect with others&#10;C) That Michael's experience of abuse and neglect meant he would always be aggressive&#10;D) That Michael learned patterns of behavior in response to his early environment

Accepted Answer

The story of Michael highlights how his early experiences of abuse and neglect shaped his behavior and the way he interacted with others. The teachers in the story come to understand that Michael had learned patterns of behavior in response to his past experiences, and that he needed support and patience in order to learn new ways of interacting and relating to others. This suggests that Michael's behavior was not a fixed, unchangeable trait, but rather the result of his early environment and experiences.

Question 5

Which of the following is a false statement about recess in schools?&#10;A) Back in the 1980s children got three recesses a day to play outdoors, plus an hour for lunch&#10;B) Play has been shown to help children adjust to the school setting and even to enhance children's learning readiness, learning behaviors, and problem-solving skills&#10;C) Because of the pressure for academic accountability and the standardized tests to measure it as a result of No Child Left Behind (NCLB), schools are cutting back on playtime&#10;D) There is research to indicate that children do better academically without recess than they do with periodic recesses throughout the day

Accepted Answer

Research actually shows the opposite - that children need and benefit from periodic recesses throughout the day. Therefore, statement D is false.

Question 6

What is the role of the teacher in a constructivist classroom?&#10;A) The teacher takes a directive approach&#10;B) The teacher doesn't do any teaching&#10;C) The teacher acts as a facilitator&#10;D) The teacher pours knowledge into the child

Accepted Answer

In a constructivist classroom, the teacher's role is to act as a facilitator, guiding and supporting students in their own learning process. The teacher does not simply pour knowledge into the child, but rather helps them to construct their own understanding through exploration, inquiry, and reflection. While the teacher may provide resources and offer guidance, the focus is on empowering students to take ownership of their learning and build their own knowledge.

Question 7

Why are schools less likely to use the constructivist approach to teaching?&#10;A) Constructivism is only for vocational programs&#10;B) Constructivist education does not use developmentally appropriate curriculum&#10;C) Community and family pressure to teach academics&#10;D) The constructivist approach is only appropriate for preschool

Accepted Answer

Many communities and families place significant pressure on schools to prioritize academic achievement over other teaching approaches, which may cause schools to shy away from constructivist methods that emphasize student exploration and inquiry-based learning.

Question 8

How can teachers become better communicators with families?&#10;A) Communicate only through email so that families can respond when convenient&#10;B) Communicate only in person, to keep it authentic&#10;C) Schedule meetings at different times to be accommodating to all families&#10;D) Plan conferences to be a one-way report where teachers tell families what is going on

Accepted Answer

Scheduling meetings at different times to be accommodating to all families shows that the teacher is willing to work with families to find a convenient time to communicate. This also allows for personalized communication rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.

Answer: A and B are not ideal choices. Communicating only through email can lead to misinterpretation and lack of personal connection. Communicating only in person may not be feasible for all families and may not allow for communication outside of scheduled meetings. D is not ideal because teachers should also listen and address any concerns or questions that families may have.

Question 9

Piaget states that children are moving towards what stage as they are entering school?&#10;A) Preoperational&#10;B) Concrete operational&#10;C) Intellectual&#10;D) Mental

Accepted Answer

Piaget believed that children enter the concrete operational stage between the ages of 7 and 12. This stage is characterized by more logical thinking, the ability to perform operations on concrete objects, and understanding concepts like conservation and classification. Therefore, the best choice is B: Concrete operational.

Question 10

What is the affect of using comments such as &#34;I like the way ________.&#34; or &#34;Good Job!&#34;&#10;A) It helps kids feel good about their work&#10;B) It causes children to look outside of themselves for approval&#10;C) It is a good way to manage behavior&#10;D) It helps to build relationships

Accepted Answer

Using comments like "Good Job!" can lead children to seek external validation rather than developing intrinsic motivation.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true about praise?&#10;A) It can have negative side effects&#10;B) It cannot be overdone&#10;C) It is most effective when the terms &#34;good boy&#34; or &#34;good girl&#34; are used&#10;D) It is most effective if it is not earned

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 12

Which of the following statements can support a child to learn about intrinsic rewards?&#10;A) &#34;I like all the purple you used.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Your painting needs more purple.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;The grapes in your picture should be purple, not the sun.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I see that you used a lot of purple in your picture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements can support...

Question 13

When a teacher pays attention to a child's behavior, what is likely to happen?&#10;A) The child is likely to stop the behavior that gets attention&#10;B) Most children don't notice what teachers pay attention to&#10;C) The child is likely to continue the behavior that gets attention&#10;D) The child is likely to become shy

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a teacher pays attention to a...

Question 14

Which of the following best characterizes school-age children?&#10;A) They are moving towards more advanced intellectual skills&#10;B) They are more aggressive than preschoolers&#10;C) They have more fun than preschoolers&#10;D) They are less communicative than preschoolers

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best characterizes school-age...

Question 15

What is the focus of the ethic of caring?&#10;A) A caring alternative to character education&#10;B) Teaching children to be virtuous&#10;C) Considering one's own needs more than that of another&#10;D) Teaching caring through emotional manipulation

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the focus of the ethic...

Question 16

Which theorists are known for research on an ethic of caring?&#10;A) Kohlberg&#10;B) Vygotsky&#10;C) Gilligan and Noddings&#10;D) Piaget and Erikson

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which theorists are known for research on...

Question 17

According to Erikson, which developmental stage are most children still in when they enter kindergarten?&#10;A) Autonomy vs. shame and doubt&#10;B) Trust vs. mistrust&#10;C) Industry vs. inferiority&#10;D) Initiative vs. guilt

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson, which developmental stage are...

Question 18

According to Erikson, which developmental stage begins around age 6?&#10;A) Autonomy vs. shame and doubt&#10;B) Trust vs. mistrust&#10;C) Industry vs. inferiority&#10;D) Initiative vs. guilt

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson, which developmental stage begins...

Question 19

What does the constructivist approach to education focus on?&#10;A) Hand-on experiences that help children create knowledge&#10;B) Educator's ability to keep learning the same for everyone&#10;C) Teacher constructing relationships with students&#10;D) Short term memory only

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the constructivist approach to education...

Question 20

What is an affirmation?&#10;A) A positive, validating message&#10;B) A form of punishment&#10;C) A form of indirect communication&#10;D) A way to affirm dislike for another person

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is an affirmation?&#10;A) A positive, validating...

Question 21

What are some strategies for teaching morals through prosocial development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some strategies for teaching morals...

Deck 5: Working With Families of School-Age Children