Deck 9: Joints

Question 1

The joint between the first costal cartilage and the sternum,is a __________,whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by __________ joints.

A) syndesmosis;synovial
B) synchondrosis;synovial
C) synostosis;cartilaginous
D) synarthrosis;cartilaginous
E) symphysis;cartilaginous

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An articulation is any point at which two bones meet.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Unlike other joints,a __________ does not join two bones to one another.

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) gomphosis
D) cartilaginous joint
E) bony joint

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The forearm acts as a third-class lever during flexion of the elbow.

Question 5

What do sutures,gomphoses,and syndesmoses have in common?

A) These are joints found only in the appendicular skeleton.
B) These are joints found only in the axial skeleton.
C) These are all bony joints.
D) These are all fibrous joints.
E) These are cartilaginous joints.

Question 6

Under normal circumstances,the wrist can be hyperextended,but the elbow cannot.

Question 7

Bursae are structures associated with fibrous,cartilaginous,and synovial joints.

Question 8

Symphyses are the most common type of fibrous joints.

Question 9

The elbow has both pivot and hinge joints.

Question 10

The shoulder is the only multiaxial,ball-and-socket joint in the human body.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a major joint category?

A) Elastic
B) Synovial
C) Cartilaginous
D) Fibrous
E) Bony

Question 12

Synovial fluid is rich in albumin and hyaluronic acid,which give it a viscous texture similar to egg white.

Question 13

Bony joints are the most common type of joints.

Question 14

A meniscus is a type of bursa seen in the space between the femur and tibia.

Question 15

Hinge joints,such as the tibiofemoral joint,are monoaxial.

Question 16

Circumduction is limited to ball-and-socket joints.

Question 17

The coxal joint is a ball-and-socket joint,in which the head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

Question 18

The joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a __________.

A) suture
B) gomphosis
C) syndesmosis
D) synchondrosis
E) symphysis

Question 19

Fibrous joints are joints,at which two bones are united by hyaline cartilage.

Question 20

The main stabilizer of the shoulder is the biceps brachii muscle.

Question 21

Which of the following is not a factor that determines the range of motion of a joint?

A) The shapes of the bone surfaces
B) The length of the bone
C) The stiffness of the ligaments
D) The strength of the ligaments
E) The action of the muscles associated with the joint

Question 22

Which of the following is not an anatomical component of a synovial joint?

A) Articular cartilage
B) The joint cavity
C) The interosseous membrane
D) The fibrous capsule
E) The synovial membrane

Question 23

When you walk up the stairs,your hip and knee joints __________ to lift your body weight.

A) rotate
B) abduct
C) adduct
D) flex
E) extend

Question 24

When you hold out your hands with the palms up,__________ your wrists will tip your palms toward you.

A) hyperextending
B) circumducting
C) rotating
D) flexing
E) abducting

Question 25

The metacarpophalangeal joints at the base of the fingers are ___________ joints.

A) ball-and-socket
B) condylar
C) pivot
D) hinge
E) plane (gliding)

Question 26

One example of a multiaxial joint is the __________ joint.

A) proximal radioulnar
B) metatarsophalangeal
C) humeroulnar
D) humeroscapular
E) atlantoaxial

Question 27

Some joints become synostoses by replacing __________ with __________.

A) fibers;cartilage
B) cartilage;fibers
C) bone;cartilage
D) bone;fibers
E) fibers;bone

Question 28

The smooth,connective tissue lining that covers the opposing bony surfaces of a synovial joint is called __________.

A) articular cartilage
B) a ligament
C) the fibrous capsule
D) a synovial membrane
E) the joint cavity

Question 29

The least movable joints are _____________ joints.

A) symphysis
B) synchondrosis
C) syndesmosis
D) gomphosis
E) synostosis

Question 30

The most movable joints are ___________ joints.

A) symphysis
B) synovial
C) syndesmosis
D) gomphosis
E) synchondrosis

Question 31

Which of the following is true regarding joints that are first-class levers?

A) Their mechanical advantage may be either greater or less than 1.0.
B) Their mechanical advantage is always less than 1.0.
C) Their output force is always greater than the input force.
D) Their resistance is between the joint (fulcrum)and the distal end of the bone (effort).
E) The joint (fulcrum)is at the opposite end from the tendinous attachment (effort).

Question 32

Coronal,sagittal,and lambdoid are examples of __________.

A) syndesmoses
B) gomphoses
C) serrate sutures
D) plane sutures
E) lap sutures

Question 33

Which of the following is a first-class lever?

A) The humeroulnar joint
B) The talocrural joint
C) The knee joint
D) Any metacarpophalangeal joint
E) The atlanto-occipital joint

Question 34

The joint between the left and right parietal bones is called the __________.

A) lambdoid suture
B) sagittal suture
C) coronal suture
D) parietal joint
E) cranial joint

Question 35

The proximal radioulnar joint is a __________ joint.

A) ball-and-socket
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) pivot
E) condylar

Question 36

The study of joint structure,function,and dysfunction is called __________.

A) kinesiology
B) arthrology
C) osteology
D) biomechanics
E) synostology

Question 37

A(n)__________ is a sac of fluid associated with a synovial joint.

A) articular sac
B) synovial vesicle
C) bursa
D) meniscus
E) articular cavity

Question 38

The epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone in a child are bound by a __________.

A) synchondrosis
B) symphysis
C) serrate suture
D) lap suture
E) plane suture

Question 39

The joint between the L2 and L3 vertebrae is a __________.

A) synostosis
B) gomphosis
C) synchondrosis
D) symphysis
E) syndesmosis

Question 40

The union of the proximal and middle phalanges form __________ joints.

A) pivot
B) plane (gliding)
C) hinge
D) saddle
E) condylar (ellipsoid)

Question 41

When doing a pushup,your shoulders __________ as your body is pushed upward.

A) protract
B) retract
C) supinate
D) hyperextend
E) elevate

Question 42

The __________ bursa is not an accessory structure of the glenohumeral joint.

A) subdeltoid
B) subcoracoid
C) subpatellar
D) subacromial
E) subscapular

Question 43

The rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides except _______________,which partly explains the nature of most shoulder dislocations.

A) anteriorly
B) posteriorly
C) superiorly
D) inferiorly
E) medially

Question 44

Suppose you cup your hands to hold some water.To limit the amount of leaking through your hands,this action would most likely require __________.

A) pronation of the forearm
B) circumduction of the wrists
C) opposition of the thumb
D) abduction of the fingers
E) adduction of the fingers

Question 45

Showing your palm to someone who is in front of you,as if to tell them "Stop," requires __________.

A) dorsiflexion of the hand
B) hyperextension of the wrist
C) abduction of the wrist
D) flexion of the wrist
E) hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 46

Radial (lateral)and ulnar (medial)collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movements of the __________ joint.

A) shoulder
B) elbow
C) wrist
D) hip
E) knee

Question 47

Which of the following structures is not found in the shoulder?

A) The glenohumeral ligament
B) The transverse humeral ligament
C) The coracohumeral ligament
D) The radioulnar ligament
E) The rotator cuff

Question 48

The __________ is not found in the elbow.

A) humeroulnar joint
B) humeroradial joint
C) proximal radioulnar joint
D) distal radioulnar joint
E) anular ligament

Question 49

Raising an arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi,is an example of __________ of the shoulder.

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) circumduction
D) rotation
E) protraction

Question 50

Which of the following is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

A) The hip
B) The knee
C) The elbow
D) The shoulder
E) The wrist

Question 51

While standing,looking up at the stars requires __________.

A) elevation of the mandible
B) extension of the neck
C) hyperextension of the neck
D) abduction of the neck
E) dorsiflexion of the neck

Question 52

To tip the soles of the feet medially,so they face each other,requires __________.Tipping them out laterally so they face away from each other is __________.

A) dorsiflexion;plantar flexion
B) inversion;eversion
C) medial excursion;lateral excursion
D) opposition;reposition
E) retraction;protraction

Question 53

Which of the following is the most stable joint?

A) Coxal joint
B) Glenohumeral joint
C) Tibiofemoral joint
D) Humeroulnar joint
E) Humeroradial joint

Question 54

The _________ deepens the socket of the hip joint and helps stabilize the joint.

A) fovea capitis
B) greater trochanter
C) lesser trochanter
D) acetabular labrum
E) ischial tuberosity

Question 55

The temporomandibular joint is a(n)__________ joint.

A) osseous
B) cartilaginous
C) bony
D) fibrous
E) synovial

Question 56

With the elbow and wrist extended,painting a circle on a canvas requires __________ of the shoulder.

A) rotation
B) circumduction
C) extension
D) flexion
E) elevation

Question 57

The jaw joint is the articulation of the __________ and the __________.

A) mandible;temporal bone
B) mandible;sphenoid bone
C) mandible;zygomatic bone
D) mandible;maxilla
E) maxilla;zygomatic

Question 58

A monoaxial joint,like the elbow,is capable of which one of the following movements?

A) Circumduction
B) Supination and pronation
C) Flexion and extension
D) Rotation
E) Abduction

Question 59

Raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you,requires __________ of the shoulder.

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) extension
D) flexion
E) elevation

Question 60

If you stand on tiptoes to reach something high,you are performing __________ at the ankle.

A) plantar flexion
B) abduction
C) opposition
D) dorsiflexion
E) eversion

Question 61

Which of the following structures prevents knee hyperextension?

A) The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
B) The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
C) The fibular (lateral)collateral ligament
D) The medial meniscus
E) The lateral meniscus

Question 62

A synostosis is the most moveable type of joint.

Question 63

A joint with mechanical advantage greater than 1.0 has increased speed.

Question 64

The fibrocartilage pad between the medial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia is called the __________.

A) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
B) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
C) infrapatellar bursa
D) medial meniscus
E) lateral meniscus

Question 65

The __________ is not part of the tibiofemoral joint.

A) lateral meniscus
B) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
C) tibial (medial)collateral ligament
D) fibular (lateral)collateral ligament
E) posterior tibiofibular ligament

Question 66

The ligament that attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the fibula is called the __________.

A) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
B) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
C) fibular (lateral)collateral ligament (LCL)
D) tibial (medial)collateral ligament (MCL)
E) patellar ligament

Question 67

The talocrural joint is formed by the union of the __________,the _________,and the _________.

A) femur;calcaneus;talus
B) femur;tibia;patella
C) tibia;fibula;talus
D) tibia;fibula;calcaneus
E) tibia;calcaneus;talus