Question 1

Over which type of change does the change agent have the most control?&#10;A)Spontaneous change&#10;B)Crisis&#10;C)Developmental change&#10;D)Planned change&#10;

Accepted Answer

The change agent has the most control over planned change because they are intentionally initiating and managing the change process. They have the ability to determine the scope, timing, and approach of the change, as well as identify and address potential barriers or resistance.

Question 2

Managers who focus on their own objectives to complete a change process are utilizing whose change theory?&#10;A)Lewin&#10;B)Lippitt&#10;C)Havelock&#10;D)Rogers&#10;

Accepted Answer

Lippitt's change theory emphasizes the role of a change agent who works towards achieving specific objectives to implement change. This aligns with the description of managers who focus on their own objectives to complete a change process. Therefore, the best choice is B) Lippitt. Lewin's change theory emphasizes the importance of unfreezing the status quo, moving towards a desired state, and refreezing the new status quo. Havelock's change theory focuses on the steps of problem identification, agenda setting, and implementation. Rogers' change theory focuses on the stages of awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, adoption, and confirmation. However, none of these theories specifically emphasize the role of a change agent with their own objectives as Lippitt's theory does.

Question 3

In the diffusion-innovation theory,what causes change?&#10;A)Planned change by a change agent&#10;B)Driving forces&#10;C)Social change and spread of new ideas&#10;D)Restraining forces&#10;

Accepted Answer

According to diffusion-innovation theory, change is caused by social change and the spread of new ideas. When new innovations or ideas are introduced, they spread through a society or group of people, and this creates change.

Option A (planned change by a change agent) is not the main driver of change in diffusion-innovation theory. While a change agent can introduce a new idea or innovation to a group, it is ultimately the group's acceptance and adoption of the idea that leads to change.

Option B (driving forces) refers to the factors that promote or support change, but it does not in itself cause change.

Option D (restraining forces) refers to the factors or barriers that prevent change, but it does not cause change either.

Question 4

During a large merger of two community hospitals,the nurse-manager was challenged with merging the two very different medical-surgical units into one unit.During the process,meetings were held assuring the nurses that staffing would be a top priority,that education about all changes would occur,and that the manager had faith in the nurses' abilities to implement the change.This nurse-manager was utilizing what tactic to "unfreeze" the system?

A)Producing discomfort
B)Providing psychological safety
C)Critical thinking
D)Inducing guilt and anxiety

Accepted Answer

The nurse-manager is providing psychological safety by assuring the nurses that staffing would be a top priority, that education about all changes would occur, and that the manager had faith in the nurses' abilities to implement the change. By providing reassurance and creating a safe environment, the manager is helping to "unfreeze" the system and prepare the staff for change.

Question 5

The staff development trainer is preparing materials for a seminar on change theory in anticipation of the implementation of a new care delivery system in the organization.If the innovation-decision process is going to be used,in which order should the trainer review the stages of change?

A)The individual makes a choice to either adopt or reject the change.
B)The individual is introduced to change and begins to comprehend it.
C)The individual acts on the choice to either adopt or reject the change.
D)The individual develops a favorable or unfavorable attitude about the change.
E)The individual seeks confirmation that the choice to act or reject the change is appropriate.

Accepted Answer

This sequence follows the stages of change from the innovation-decision process. First, the individual is introduced to change and then develops a favorable or unfavorable attitude about it. Next, they make a choice to either adopt or reject the change. Then they act on that choice, and finally, seek confirmation that their decision was the right one.

Question 6

Which change theory is based on beliefs that people are rational and that they will change if it is in their self-interest?&#10;A)Power-coercive&#10;B)Persuasive&#10;C)Empirical-rational&#10;D)Facilitative&#10;

Accepted Answer

The empirical-rational change theory is based on the belief that people are rational and will change their behavior if presented with empirical evidence that it is in their self-interest to do so. This theory assumes that people will respond to reason and logic, and that providing them with information and knowledge will lead to change.

Question 7

How should an individual be supported through the change process?&#10;A)Recognition of contributions to build self-confidence&#10;B)Given only a small amount of information concerning the change so as not to overwhelm with information&#10;C)Instruction on any new processes within 6 weeks of the change occurring&#10;D)Referral to the employee-assistance program&#10;

Accepted Answer

Recognizing an individual's contributions helps build their self-confidence, which in turn can help them better cope and adapt to change.

Answer: C
 It is important to provide instruction on any new processes within a reasonable time frame to ensure the individual is able to adjust to the change and perform their job effectively.

Answer: D
 Referring an individual to an employee-assistance program may be helpful if they are struggling to cope with the change and need additional support. However, it shouldn't be the only means of support provided to them.

Therefore, the best choices are A and C.

Question 8

To manage resistance to change,the change agent may use which strategy?&#10;A)Defend the status quo.&#10;B)Provide evidence to challenge the status quo.&#10;C)Reject opposition to the plan.&#10;D)Eliminate from the organization those who are opposed.&#10;

Accepted Answer

Providing evidence to challenge the status quo can help address the concerns of those who resist change and help them understand the benefits of the proposed change. This strategy can also help build trust between the change agent and those who resist change. Defending the status quo may not address the underlying reasons for the resistance, rejecting opposition to the plan can be counterproductive, and eliminating those who are opposed can create a hostile work environment and lead to talent loss. Therefore, the best strategy is to provide evidence to challenge the status quo.

Question 9

Which approach to change relies on interpersonal relationships as the power ingredient?&#10;A)Empirical-rational&#10;B)Technostructural&#10;C)Normative-reeducative&#10;D)Power-coercive&#10;

Accepted Answer

The normative-reeducative approach to change emphasizes the importance of interpersonal relationships and social norms in bringing about change. It seeks to change beliefs, attitudes, and values through processes such as education, communication, and participation, all of which rely on developing trust and collaboration among individuals and groups. The other approaches (empirical-rational, technostructural, power-coercive) do not rely as heavily on interpersonal relationships as the normative-reeducative approach.

Question 10

The nurse is expected to use new intravenous equipment.After receiving instruction on the use,the nurse is still nervous about using the new equipment.What type of change is this nurse experiencing?&#10;A)Planned change&#10;B)Spontaneous change&#10;C)Developmental change&#10;D)Pendulum change&#10;

Accepted Answer

The nurse is experiencing planned change, as the instruction received about the new intravenous equipment was intentional and planned to prepare the nurse for using the new equipment. The nurse's nervousness about using the new equipment is a common reaction to planned change.

Question 11

A consultant is hired to recommend organizational changes in a healthcare institution.What best describes this consultant's role?&#10;A)Leader&#10;B)Legitimate authority&#10;C)Internal change agent&#10;D)External change agent&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A consultant is hired to recommend organizational...

Question 12

What are Lewin's steps of change?&#10;A)Instruct,manage,and reward&#10;B)Chaos,change,and control&#10;C)Trust,autonomy,and initiative&#10;D)Unfreezing,moving,and refreezing&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are Lewin's steps of change?&#10;A)Instruct,manage,and reward&#10;B)Chaos,change,and...

Question 13

To implement a change in policy,the nurse manager resorts to the utilization of force.Which strategy is being used?&#10;A)Educational&#10;B)Coercive change strategy&#10;C)Data-based&#10;D)Facilitative&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of To implement a change in policy,the nurse...

Question 14

Which is the most obtrusive approach to change?&#10;A)Empirical-rational&#10;B)Mandatory education&#10;C)Power-coercive&#10;D)Normative-reeducative&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the most obtrusive approach to...

Question 15

In Lewin's Force Field Analysis Model,which two forces affect change?&#10;A)Power and coercion&#10;B)Driving forces and restraining forces&#10;C)Reward and punishment&#10;D)Discontentment and challenge&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Lewin's Force Field Analysis Model,which two...

Question 16

Which would be a restraining force for change?&#10;A)Fear of loss or threat to security&#10;B)Perception that change is challenging&#10;C)Potential for self-growth&#10;D)Economic gain&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which would be a restraining force for...

Question 17

How should the nurse describe change?&#10;A)Positive or negative,planned or unplanned&#10;B)Prevented and managed&#10;C)Negative,doesn't have to occur,easily managed&#10;D)Difficult and always negative&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of How should the nurse describe change?&#10;A)Positive or...

Question 18

Which statement explains the empirical-rational approach to planned change?&#10;A)Using knowledge as the power ingredient and self-interest&#10;B)Using command and control&#10;C)Using sociocultural norms as the motivator&#10;D)Using personalized 1:1 education&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement explains the empirical-rational approach to...

Question 19

Which strategy to manage planned change is nonparticipative and undemocratic?&#10;A)Normative-reeducative&#10;B)Empirical-rational&#10;C)Power-coercive&#10;D)Legitimate power&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which strategy to manage planned change is...

Question 20

Which is a key characteristic of a change agent?&#10;A)Formal power&#10;B)Coercive power&#10;C)Trust&#10;D)Charisma&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is a key characteristic of a...

Question 21

The nurse is preparing a seminar for community members newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The nurse is aware that these members are confused about the diagnosis and the changes that they will have to make in their diet and exercise patterns.In which order should the nurse review the stages of change with these members?

A)The change is implemented and new behaviors are adopted.
B)The person makes specific plans for implementation of the change.
C)The change is fully integrated into the person's behaviors with support provided.
D)The person is willing to consider a change and obtains information about the proposed change.
E)The person is not thinking about change,nor is he or she interested in information about a proposed change.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing a seminar for...

Deck 15: Managing Change