Deck 3: Cultural and Linguistic Diversity and Exceptionality

Question 1

Multicultural education is defined as

A)foreign language instruction
B)cooking techniques from other cultures
C)an educational strategy
D)the study of art history across cultures

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When greater numbers of children from minority groups are placed in special education programs compared to their proportion of the general school population, this is called

A)underrepresentation
B)cultural pluralism
C)overrepresentation
D)multiculturalism

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In the 19^th and 20^th century immigrants entered the United States at what location?

A)Boston
B)Ellis Island
C)Philadelphia
D)Washington, DC

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Bilingual students must obtain which level of language skills before achieving a successful transition to a monolingual English class setting?

A)Beginning language level
B)Conversational fluency level
C)Complex language level
D)Completely proficient level

Question 5

Bilingual education is defined as instruction

A)primarily in English using the native language minimally
B)only in the native language
C)only in English
D)in the native language while learning English

Question 6

How does a lack of life experiences affect student responses on standardized tests? Students are more likely to

A)obtain in a higher score
B)achieve greater success
C)better understand the questions
D)give incorrect responses

Question 7

What percentage of the United States population over age 5 speaks a language other than English at home?

A)4%
B)8%
C)14%
D)19%

Question 8

Which of the following statements is NOT appropriate for special educators to consider when planning interventions for learners who are culturally and linguistically diverse?

A)Information about language characteristics of learners with disabilities who are bilingual or have limited English proficiency
B)Information about cultural factors that influence educational planning and services
C)Characteristics of instructional strategies and materials that are culturally and linguistically appropriate
D)Characteristics of a learning environment that promotes success only for English speaking students

Question 9

Students who are bilingual become more proficient in English by using their newly acquired language skills

A)with classmates, friends, and family members
B)with teachers and administrators
C)with university language professors
D)with paid tutors in after school sessions

Question 10

American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Hispanic, White, and Black are the five racial groups recognized by the United States government. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)The terms are arbitrary and represent umbrella terms
B)Each group is homogenous
C)Each group is diverse
D)The terms obscure the richness of individual cultures

Question 11

Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing one's own cultural group characteristics

A)as inferior
B)as superior
C)as without value
D)with disinterest

Question 12

Bilingual special education serves students who

A)only need instruction that addresses their documented disability
B)only need instruction on their English language skills
C)have a temporary disability due to their language diversity
D)are culturally and linguistically diverse and have a disability

Question 13

Some experts believe that the use of standardized tests with children from minority groups measures their

A)intelligence
B)problem solving skills
C)degree of cultural assimilation
D)knowledge of sports

Question 14

Which trait does NOT characterize American macroculture?

A)Individualism and independence
B)Competitiveness and ambition
C)Nonassertiveness and cooperation
D)Equality and fair play

Question 15

The number of school-age children whose primary language is not English is estimated at more than

A)4 million
B)6 million
C)8 million
D)10 million

Question 16

In the past, the metaphor for the new immigrants in the United States was a melting pot. Today, the preferred metaphor is that of a

A)blanket
B)flower
C)patchwork quilt
D)teapot

Question 17

Disproportional numbers of Native American students can be found receiving services in which of the following programs?

A)Gifted and talented
B)Learning disabilities
C)Behavior disorders
D)Moderate disabilities

Question 18

Which of the following describes cultural pluralism? Cultural and ethnic differences

A)must be appreciated and respected
B)must be abandoned
C)need to be relinquished
D)must be overlooked

Question 19

The majority of general and special educators are from which of the following groups?

A)African American
B)Asian
C)Latino
D)White

Question 20

Disproportional numbers of Asian and Pacific Islander students can be found receiving services in which of the following programs?

A)Gifted and talented
B)Learning disabilities
C)Behavior disorders
D)Moderate disabilities

Question 21

A subculture refers to:

A)Ethnocentrism
B)Macroculture
C)Egocentrism
D)Microculture

Question 22

Classroom materials should include portrayals of women and men with and without disabilities across diverse cultural and racial groups in which of the following roles?

A)Only active roles
B)Only passive roles
C)Active and passive roles
D)They should not be portrayed at all

Question 23

Approximately what percentage of special education teachers are African American?

A)84%
B)69%
C)11%
D)5%

Question 24

The presence of cultural differences provide an opportunity to

A)celebrate the richness of American diversity
B)separate groups of people
C)exclude those who do not speak English well
D)isolate people who eat strange foods

Question 25

All of the following are true about multiculturalism EXCEPT:

A)Acknowledges basic commonalities among groups of people
B)Refers to more than one culture
C)Implies we should appreciate differences among groups of people
D)States clearly that one cannot function within more than one culture

Question 26

Which of the following terms represents a teaching strategy that teaches students, primarily, in a language other than English?

A)Multicultural Education
B)Bilingual Education
C)Special Education
D)Multilingual Education

Question 27

What are the implications of the estimate that by the year 2020, students of color are projected to make up almost half of the school age population? In view of this projected outcome, teachers should

A)give up on fixing the problems
B)be proactive about changes they can make now
C)let someone else take care of these issues
D)wait for the principal to tell them what to do

Question 28

All of the following are bilingual instructional techniques, EXCEPT:

A)Cultural Programs
B)Immersion Programs
C)Transitional Programs
D)Enrichment Programs

Question 29

According to some authorities, the educational environment encountered by many students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds may be

A)welcoming, warm, and inviting
B)inadequate, damaging, and openly hostile
C)inclusive, nurturing, and supportive
D)all of the above

Question 30

Classroom materials should NOT include only the perspective of which of the following groups?

A)Children, women, and men across diverse groups
B)Male, middle-class, Western European group
C)Females and males across cultures and racial groups
D)Persons with and without disabilities group

Question 31

All of the following are goals of multicultural education, EXCEPT:

A)Americanization
B)Educational equity
C)Social reconstruction
D)Human relations

Question 32

Many standardized tests have been revised for the purpose of reducing bias. Which is NOT an example of a way in which bias has been reduced in tests?

A)Eliminated all references to animals in test items
B)Reduced the number of culturally specific test items
C)Renormed, or restandardized, the tests across more diverse students
D)Reduced culturally specific language

Question 33

Approximately how many people immigrate to the United States each year?

A)1,000,000
B)100,000
C)10,000,000
D)5,000,000

Question 34

We define _______________ as the attitudes, belief systems, norms and traditions shared by a particular group of people that collectively form their heritage.

A)Religion
B)Ethnicity
C)Culture
D)Race

Question 35

The term double jeopardy refers to students who:

A)have linguistic differences and are chronic disciplinary problems
B)have trouble assimilating to macro and micro cultures
C)have linguistic difficulties and a disability
D)have trouble learning two or more languages

Question 36

When evaluating instructional materials, classroom teachers should consider the perspectives and contributions of the following group.

A)Women and men from all geographic areas of the United States
B)Women and men with and without disabilities across cultures
C)Children and teenagers who are Latino or African American
D)Children and teenagers who are Latino and have disabilities

Question 37

One major concern for disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minorities is:

A)Underachievement
B)Unsuccessful assimilation
C)Interdependence on macroculture
D)Subcultural subversion

Question 38

Portfolio assessment emphasizes the instructional environment with a focus on the outcomes of learning. Which of the following statements is correct? Portfolio assessment

A)is infrequently administered
B)provides a single testing opportunity
C)uses only one type of work sample
D)uses real-world tasks collected over time

Question 39

Multicultural education is appropriate for

A)only young students
B)only older students
C)only students without disabilities
D)all students

Question 40

Which of the following groups is, typically, overrepresented in gifted and talented programs?

A)Asian
B)Hispanic
C)White
D)Black

Question 41

In the early decades of the twentieth century, an objective of the school system was to quickly assimilate children of immigrants into American culture. The melting pot metaphor was used to describe how differences were melted away resulting in a very similar group of students. A preferred metaphor for the current times is a _______ that results in colorful mix of many unique cultures and heritages.

A)packet of seeds
B)floral bouquet
C)vase
D)shovel

Question 42

What percentage of the U.S. population over the age of 5, speaks a language other than English at home

A)5
B)10
C)20
D)22.5

Question 43

Effective teachers are sensitive to the cultural background of each student and provide educational experiences that are culturally relevant and culturally appropriate.

Question 44

The United States is composed of only a few different cultures.

Question 45

Multicultural means ______________.

A)the dominant culture
B)more than one culture
C)a foreign culture
D)macroculture

Question 46

Traits such as individualism, independence, competitiveness, and ambition are characteristic of the American macroculture.

Question 47

African American students are underrepresented in classes for students with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities and behavior disorders.

Question 48

__________ means limited access to healthcare, especially prenatal, poor nutrition, and adverse living conditions

A)Culturally deprived
B)Diversity
C)Severely deprived
D)Poverty

Question 49

Eighty percent of U.S. teachers are _______

A)African American
B)Asian
C)White
D)Multicultural

Question 50

Bilingual special education does not consider the student's language and culture as important components in creating an appropriate educational program.

Question 51

Schools in the United States are grounded in _____________, a culture that may hold little meaning for many students whose families are poor and/or are from ethnically or culturally diverse backgrounds.

A)African American culture and values
B)Latino culture and values
C)Asian culture and values
D)White middle-class values

Question 52

Which is an orientation and not a specific pedagogical technique?

A)Student Diversity
B)Multicultural Education
C)Bilingual Education
D)Multiculturalism

Question 53

The research on the effectiveness of bilingual education supports bilingual education as the most appropriate way to provide instruction to students with limited English language skills.

Question 54

Two students from the same culture group will act _______.

A)the same in all situations
B)differently from each other in all situations
C)according to their own unique characteristics
D)differently from all other persons

Question 55

In order to avoid perpetuating ethnic and racial stereotypes, teachers should NOT use the words ___________ when describing their students and the students' families.

A)"all" and "no"
B)"some" and "most"
C)"many" and "few"
D)all of the above

Question 56

Chinn and Hughes (1967) revealed that the number of African American children in class for ________________ were disproportionally low

A)behavioral disorders
B)moderate intellectual disabilities
C)mild intellectual disabilities
D)all of the above

Question 57

Limited English proficient (LEP) refers to students with a reduced fluency in reading, writing, or speaking English and is the term used in IDEA 2004.

Question 58

An equally controversial and somewhat confusing concept associated with multicultural education is...

A)Diversity
B)Cultural Education
C)Bilingual Education
D)Limited English Proficient

Question 59

Students who have disabilities and are culturally and linguistically diverse do not present significant challenges for their teachers.

Question 60

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 2009a, what percent of Americans are native?

A)1
B)5
C)10
D)18

Question 61

Compare the various instructional options for students who are bilingual.

Question 62

List the five distinct racial groups identified by the federal government.

Question 63

List five microcultures that influence student behavior.

Question 64

Poverty is the only factor that contributes to the disproportionate representation of minorities in some special education programs.

Question 65

The misclassification and/or inappropriate placement of minority students in special education programs often results in stigmatization and lower expectations.

Question 66

What are four recommendations for assessing culturally and linguistically diverse pupils?

Question 67

There is an underrepresentation of minority children in special education

Question 68

There is no such thing as a completely unbiased standardized test.

Question 69

Historically, greater numbers of children form minority groups have been placed in special education classrooms than would be anticipated based on their proportion of the school population

Question 70

Identify what Gardner believes are the eight intelligences.

Question 71

The original aim of bilingual education was to promote the acquisition of English Language skills.

Question 72

Teachers must guard against assuming that the behaviors, beliefs, and actions of their particular cultural group are the correct or only way of doing something

Question 73

Identify six guidelines for selecting and evaluating instructional materials.

Question 74

By the year 2020, students of color are projected to make up almost half of all school age youth

Question 75

What are some of the characteristics of students who are relational, global learners and students who are detail-oriented and analytically inclined learners?

Question 76

What are the projections for the makeup of America's classrooms in the coming decades?

Question 77

Even though there is more racial diversity than in the past, there aren't any major U.S. cities where children of color outnumber white children.

Question 78

Poverty frequently means reduced access to health care, including prenatal care, poor nutrition, and adverse living conditions. These factors increase the likelihood of a child's risk for learning and developmental issues.

Question 79

Cultural pluralism requires cultural groups to relinquish or abandon their cultural heritage.

Question 80

Historically, fewer number of minority groups have been placed in special education classrooms than would be anticipated based on their proportion of the school population.