Deck 12: Individuals With Visual Impairments

Question 1

A student's field loss is related to

A)the ability to perceive details
B)the ability to see materials presented closely
C)the amount of vision in quadrant regions
D)the ability to discriminate color

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Light enters the eye first through the

A)Retina
B)Iris
C)Cornea
D)Macula

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Learning to hold a cereal box within one's field of vision to read the price would an example of using

A)residual vision
B)field vision
C)reduction strategies
D)magnification

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A specialized support of a person who is deaf-blind might be a

A)books on tape
B)signing instructor
C)head phones
D)picture symbol schedule

Question 5

Early residential schools for the blind in the United States were proposed by

A)Louis Braille
B)Samuel Gridley Howe
C)Carl Perkins
D)Diderot

Question 6

Braille was first developed as a means to

A)record Morse code communications
B)write social communications to peers
C)teach academics to school children with vision loss
D)catalog books in early institutions for the blind

Question 7

Which is NOT a part of a low vision plan?

A)Annual fiscal budget for assistive technology
B)Prescription for low vision devices
C)Technology devices
D)Referrals to community agencies

Question 8

Why should Braille be addressed in the IEP?

A)To make sure that parents consent to its use
B)To ensure that schools will have to pay for print materials
C)To ensure ongoing consideration as a reading medium
D)To demonstrate to teachers how Braille can be used

Question 9

Which visual acuity is considered to be legally blind?

A)20/200 or less in the better eye with correction
B)20/200 or more in the worse eye with correction
C)20/200 or less in the better eye without correction
D)20/100 or less in either eye with correction

Question 10

The sclera refers to the

A)inner layer of the eye
B)the colorless mass that fills the eyeball
C)the white part of the eye
D)the transparent disc in the behind the pupil

Question 11

An appropriate learning medium for students with visual impairments is determined by

A)the availability of resources
B)the expertise of educational professionals
C)the student's type or degree of impairment
D)state legislative mandates

Question 12

Someone for whom sunlight may cause discomfort may have

A)Optic atrophy
B)Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)
C)Myopia
D)Ocular albinism

Question 13

In the eye, color is defined in the

A)Rod cells
B)Cone cells
C)Macula
D)Vitreous body

Question 14

Which is considered a difference between individuals labeled as being functionally blind and blind?

A)The use of light perception
B)The need for orientation and mobility training
C)The use of low vision to gain information from the environment
D)The use of Braille

Question 15

For individuals with visual impairments, vocational training should begin

A)during the transition from school to employment settings
B)during the transition to high school
C)at age 16
D)in preschool

Question 16

What percentage of students with disabilities do students with visual impairments account for?

A)10%
B)5%
C)2%
D).4%

Question 17

Which is NOT considered a typical characteristic of individuals with visual impairments?

A)unusual head or eye movements
B)poor grades
C)cognitive disability
D)frequent headaches

Question 18

An early sign of a visual impairment may be

A)an infant's failure to turn his head towards adults when they are talking
B)a delay in the development of speech
C)an increased interaction with peers
D)a decrease in spontaneous verbal comments

Question 19

Which would likely NOT be a test accommodation for a student with a visual impairment?

A)Braille
B)Oral reading of the text to the student
C)Large print
D)Paraphrasing of testing materials

Question 20

Socially appropriate behaviors must be taught to persons with visual impairments because

A)they may not be able to observe those behaviors in others
B)they often have cognitive disabilities
C)they are frustrated with their visual impairment
D)they may not be aware of differences between themselves and their peers

Question 21

What is the difference between grade 1 and grade 2 Braille?

A)Grade 1 Braille uses a letter to letter correspondence
B)Grade 2 Braille uses a letter to letter correspondence
C)Grade 1 Braille uses shorthand
D)Grade 2 is used when a child has residual vision, as it contains pictures

Question 22

Who conducts the functional vision evaluation?

A)A vision specialist
B)A physician
C)An orientation and mobility specialist
D)An educational team

Question 23

At what age should a child be enrolled in classes for children with visual impairments?

A)2 years
B)3 years
C)5 years
D)6 years

Question 24

Orientation and mobility training is required to

A)teach independent travel
B)increase one's knowledge of visual impairments
C)acquire academic skills
D)use computer technology

Question 25

Which of the following is not part of "orientation and mobility"?

A)Where you are
B)Where you are going
C)Where you have been
D)How to get there

Question 26

Visual efficiency refers to which of the following?

A)How to prevent additional sight loss
B)Training of the use of residual vision
C)Budgeting resources, appropriately, for the visually impaired
D)None of the above

Question 27

The middle layer of the eyeball containing veins and arteries, best describes which part of the eye?

A)Conjunctiva
B)Cochlea
C)Cornea
D)Choroid

Question 28

Additional skills required by students with visual impairments are incorporated in the

A)advanced core curriculum
B)functional curriculum
C)expanded core curriculum
D)adapted skills paradigm

Question 29

Which type of Braille is used in many elevators?

A)Nemeth code
B)Grade one
C)Grade two
D)Grade three

Question 30

Which of the following is most critical to the quality of literacy experiences for students with visual impairments?

A)Access to technology
B)Access to special classes
C)Access to general education peers
D)Access to the most recent books

Question 31

Prior to age 3, services for children with visual impairments are provided according to the

A)IEP
B)Low vision plan
C)IFSP
D)IDEA

Question 32

What is the disorder in which one or more surfaces of the cornea are shaped like a football?

A)Cataracts
B)Albinism
C)Astigmatism
D)Nearsightedness

Question 33

The visual acuity test most often used is called:

A)Snellen chart
B)Stalin chart
C)Visual IQ test
D)Visual efficiency exam

Question 34

All of the following are cited, in the text, as potential hazards to eye health, EXCEPT?

A)Misuse of toys
B)Falls, involving furniture
C)Hazardous household materials
D)Watching too much television

Question 35

In which year was the first residential school for the blind opened in the U.S.?

A)1784
B)1831
C)1829
D)1832

Question 36

Where are most students with visual impairment likely to be served?

A)Among typically developing peers
B)Among peers with visual impairments
C)In specialized school for students with visual impairments
D)In smaller settings among students with various disabilities

Question 37

All of the following describe types of vision impairments recognized by IDEA, EXCEPT:

A)Snellen chart reduction
B)Reduction in visual acuity
C)Field loss
D)Restriction to the visual field

Question 38

All of the following are example of age appropriate cognitive skills that need to be integrated and taught, for young children with visual impairments, EXCEPT:

A)Musical skills development
B)Fine motor skills development
C)Gross motor skills development
D)Receptive language development

Question 39

Which is NOT a critical function of parent support groups?

A)Serve as a resource for educators
B)Outreach to other parents
C)Serve as a resource for legislators
D)Developing individualized education plans

Question 40

The IEP team is responsible for determining

A)a student's access to community services
B)accommodations for statewide assessments
C)a student's level of visual acuity
D)a student's visual field

Question 41

A Snellen chart is used to make the determination that someone is _____________.

A)colorblind
B)legally blind
C)has a field loss
D)able to use Braille

Question 42

Some people with visual impairments can see well with appropriate correction.

Question 43

A photophobic child will typically prefer to function in brighter settings.

Question 44

All of the following are examples of adaptive software listed in the text, EXCEPT:

A)Screen enlargement software
B)Screen readers
C)Speech recognition
D)Braille input devices

Question 45

Training of _________________may require that students learn to use spectacles, magnifiers, and other assistive devices.

A)visual efficiency
B)visual acuity
C)Braille
D)mobility

Question 46

An hereditary condition involving gradual degeneration of the retina

A)Retinitis pigmentosa
B)Cataracts
C)Glacoma
D)Macular degeneration

Question 47

A documented visual impairment by a medical professional is the only requirement for students to receive special education services.

Question 48

__________________ are lenses that become opaque or cloudy.

A)Retinas
B)Cataracts
C)Maculas
D)Corneas

Question 49

Approximately one-fourth of students with visual impairments are served in residential schools.

Question 50

______________________ created the first school for children with vision loss.

A)Diderot
B)Valentin Hauy
C)Nicholas Saunderson
D)Helen Keller

Question 51

What percentage of school age children in the United States experience vision impairment significant enough to require specialized support in their educational program.

A)1%
B)2.8%
C)5.2%
D)6%

Question 52

Adults with visual impairments are often isolated from their peers.

Question 53

There are persistent shortages in trained personnel in the area of visual impairments.

Question 54

Braille symbols consist of _______ possible dots arranged in two columns.

A)four
B)six
C)eight
D)ten

Question 55

Several formal instruments are available to assess students with visual impairments in educational settings.

Question 56

An electronic Braille embosser that translates text from a Braille keyboard to a printer

A)Trekker
B)Perkins Brailler
C)Mountbatten Brailer
D)Duxbury Braille Translator

Question 57

Students with visual impairments often have other disabilities.

Question 58

An early champion of the visually impaired who believed that persons who were blind could lead normal lives.

A)Diderot
B)Hauy
C)Paradis
D)Saunderson

Question 59

What percentage of students with visual impairments were enrolled in the regular classroom during the 2007-2008 school year

A)70%
B)60.7%
C)12.7%
D)10.5%

Question 60

Hyperopia is also referred to as farsightedness.

Question 61

Name three of the most common visual impairments affecting school-age children.

Question 62

Name three frequent causes of eye injury.

Question 63

What materials could be used to help a child with a visual impairment learn about maps? (Name at least three)

Question 64

Visual impairments do not include blindness

Question 65

Only a few children with visual impairment have concomitant developmental or physical disabilities.

Question 66

What are three refractive errors that impact vision?

Question 67

Cite one challenge to the provision of certified vision teachers for students with visual impairments.

Question 68

What is a major difference between grade one and grade two Braille?

Question 69

Braille is used as a literacy medium along with print and auditory input if the child has any residual vision

Question 70

The term legally blind has been used as the federal definition of blindness.

Question 71

Approximately 5,000 new teachers, of the visually impaired, graduate each year.

Question 72

Jaws produce synthetic speech

Question 73

Toxoplasmosis is a severe infection transmitted through contact with domestic animals such as cats or chickens.

Question 74

Name at least one way that young children with visual impairments might be identified for early intervention services.

Question 75

Name four types of skills typically found in the expanded core curriculum for students with visual impairments.

Question 76

A functional vision assessment, while important, isn't performed until after other educational evaluations have been completed.

Question 77

What is the name of the material resource center for individuals with visual impairments located in Kentucky?

Question 78

What factors related to eye health can be attributed to socioeconomic factors? (Give two examples)?

Question 79

Dating for individuals with visual impairments is a typical concern for their families.

Question 80

Visual impairments are one of the least prevalent disabilities.