Deck 11: Drugs

Question 1

In what stage can a hair most readily be removed from the scalp?

A) generic
B) analgesic
C) catagenic
D) telogenic
E) anagenic

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Medullae may be classified as being:

A) interrupted or absent.
B) continuous.
C) fragmented.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which type of crime is LEAST likely to be solved with the use of fiber evidence?

A) breaking and entering
B) hit-and-run
C) kidnapping
D) sexual assault
E) bombing

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Pigment granules that impart hair with color are found in the:

A) cortex.
B) medulla.
C) cuticle.
D) both A and B
E) none of the above

Question 5

The central canal running through many hairs is known as the:

A) cuticle.
B) root.
C) cortex.
D) medulla.
E) shaft.

Question 6

A cast of a hair surface can be made using:

A) an SEM.
B) clear nail polish.
C) softened vinyl.
D) both B and C
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is not a layer of the hair shaft?

A) cuticle
B) follicle
C) scales
D) cortex
E) medulla

Question 8

The number of hair scales pointing towards the tip of the hair is ________ the number of hair scales pointing towards the hair follicle.

A) greater than
B) the same as
C) less than

Question 9

The presence of sheath cells on hair that has been pulled quickly from the head is ________ the presence of sheath cells on hairs that have been removed slowly from the scalp.

A) greater than
B) the same as
C) less than

Question 10

Beard hairs are coarse and normally ________ in cross-section.

A) triangular
B) ribbon-like
C) square
D) round
E) oval

Question 11

Which part of the hair shaft is most resistant to chemical decomposition?

A) cortex
B) cuticle
C) medulla
D) follicle
E) root

Question 12

A human hair in cross-section appeared flat in shape. The racial origin was most likely:

A) Native American.
B) Mongoloid.
C) Negroid.
D) Indian.
E) Caucasian.

Question 13

In determining whether a hair sample originated from a male or a female, the MOST important consideration is:

A) the length of the hair.
B) the results of DNA analysis performed on the root structure.
C) whether the hair was dyed.
D) whether the hair is bleached.
E) whether the hair is curly or straight.

Question 14

Which feature of hair is MOST important in making a species identification?

A) scale pattern
B) follicle shape
C) bulb size
D) color
E) shaft length

Question 15

If a hair does not have a follicular tag, an expert witness is on best scientific footing when stating that:

A) the hair in question comes from a 21-year-old.
B) the hair is useless as evidence in the case.
C) his examination reveals that the hair is that of a male.
D) a suspect hair comes from a particular animal species.
E) the given hair comes from a specific person.

Question 16

The conviction of Ennis Cosby's killer was aided by the DNA analysis on a hair that was crucial evidence in the case. This hair:

A) belonged to the killer and was found in Cosby's car.
B) belonged to Cosby and was found clinging to the murderer's jacket.
C) belonged to the killer and was found on the body of the victim.
D) belonged to Cosby and was found in the suspect's car.
E) belonged to the killer and was found in his cap with which he had wrapped the murder weapon before discarding it.

Question 17

Which race is most likely to have head hair with continuous medullae?

A) Icelandic
B) Negroid
C) Caucasian
D) Mongoloid
E) Native American

Question 18

The medullary index of human hair is ________ the medullary index for most other animals.

A) less than
B) greater than
C) the same as

Question 19

A hair sample was examined and its medulla appeared to have a pattern described as resembling a string of pearls. It was most likely from a:

A) cat.
B) rabbit.
C) dog.
D) deer.
E) mouse.

Question 20

Nuclear DNA typing can be most successfully accomplished on hairs that have been removed during which stage of growth?

A) anxiogenic
B) catagenic
C) mutagenic
D) anagenic
E) telogenic

Question 21

The visible light microspectrophotometer is a convenient tool with which to compare the color of fibers because:

A) fibers can be studied right on microscope slide.
B) very small samples can be compared.
C) fibers are not destroyed.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 22

In the Wayne Williams case, the fibers that proved to be the most crucial evidence were made of:

A) acetate and nylon.
B) nylon and silk.
C) silk and acetate.
D) wool and cotton.
E) acrylate and mylar.

Question 23

It is a virtual certainty that two fabrics share a common origin if their fibers:

A) have the same color.
B) can be fitted together at their torn edges.
C) appear identical in cross-section.
D) are of the same fiber type (e.g., rayon, nylon, polyester).
E) have the same striations.

Question 24

Which is NOT a synthetic fiber?

A) nylon
B) acrylic
C) rayon
D) polyester
E) all of the above

Question 25

The monomers involved in the synthesis of proteins are:

A) lipids.
B) sugars.
C) amino acids.
D) fatty acids.
E) starches.

Question 26

Which is made of natural polymers?

A) plastic
B) nylon
C) starch
D) sand
E) paint
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
The following are steps that can be taken in the examination of fibers for the purpose of identification and comparison:
1) examination of dye composition using visible light microspectrophotometer
2) make a cross-sectional view of the fibers
3) microscopic examination for color and diameter of fibers
4) infrared spectrophotometry
5) study of the birefringence of the fibers
6) TLC study of dyes in fibers

Question 27

By far the most prevalent plant fiber is:

A) linen.
B) hemp.
C) silk.
D) cotton.
E) Kapok.

Question 28

Which is a true statement about the fibers in the Williams case?

A) They were similar to the clothes Williams was known to wear.
B) They were proven to come from Williams' bedroom.
C) They were matched to fibers from his car upholstery.
D) The investigators did probability calculations to establish the chance of these fibers being found in a particular location.
E) They were found on all the victims that were linked to Williams.

Question 29

Which of the following properties should NOT be examined when comparing two synthetic fibers?

A) diameter
B) lengthwise striations
C) medullary index
D) presence or absence of delustering particles
E) all of the above

Question 30

The rate of human hair growth per month is:

A) 1 inch.
B) 1 dm.
C) 1 cm.
D) 1 mL.
E) so variable as to be forensically worthless.

Question 31

Cellulose is the basic component of:

A) sugar.
B) wood.
C) wool.
D) starch.
E) all of the above

Question 32

During the collection of fiber evidence, great care should be taken to:

A) avoid cross-contamination of evidence.
B) send as much potential evidence as possible to the crime lab to ensure that nothing is missed.
C) package all items from each individual together in one bag to avoid later confusion.
D) shake off all garments to be sent for examination before neatly folding them.
E) vacuum each item for trace evidence.

Question 33

Mohair and cashmere are hairs from:

A) a goat.
B) a llama.
C) a sheep.
D) a rabbit.
E) a camel.

Question 34

Before the 20th century, all fibers were:

A) chemically treated.
B) regenerated.
C) synthetic.
D) derived.
E) natural.

Question 35

Which was the first man-made fiber?

A) acetate
B) Dacrongraphic®
C) rayon
D) nylon
E) polyester

Question 36

Wayne Williams was convicted of serial murder mainly on the strength of:

A) DNA studies from bone fragments.
B) bite mark comparisons on victims.
C) fiber evidence.
D) blood analysis.
E) paint chips.

Question 37

A fiber whose microscopic appearance includes being ribbon-like in shape (flat) with twists at irregular intervals is:

A) silk.
B) linen.
C) polyester.
D) kapok.
E) cotton.

Question 38

What type(s) of evidence may result from hit-and-run accidents?

A) glass
B) fibers
C) hair
D) blood
E) all of the above

Question 39

A regenerated fiber can be derived from:

A) acetate.
B) polyester.
C) isoprene.
D) cotton or wood pulp.
E) rayon.

Question 40

Generally, the parallel refractive index of a fiber is ________ the perpendicular refractive index of the same fiber.

A) greater than
B) the same as
C) less than

Question 41

Label the cuticle, cortex and medulla on the following hair sample.

Question 42

Describe how to properly collect fiber evidence.

Question 43

List and explain the three phases of hair growth.

Question 44

The stages of hair growth include all of the following except:

A) catagenic.
B) telogenic.
C) analgesic.
D) anagenic .
E) all above are stages of hair growth

Question 45

In making hair evaluations, it is best to view the hairs using a(n) ___________ microscope.

A) comparison
B) scanning electron
C) visible light
D) stereoscopic
E) polarizing

Question 46

When examining human hair, what features are compared?

Question 47

Synthetic fibers display ___________ because they are crystalline.

A) high density
B) dispersive properties
C) infrared reflectance
D) flotation
E) birefringence

Question 48

Explain how a forensic scientist would correctly collect, package and preserve a hair sample.

Question 49

Explain how a forensic scientist can differentiate between animal and human hair.

Question 50

For standard/reference hair sampling from a victim, the collection of a minimum of ___________ full-length head hairs and ___________ full-length pubic hairs is recommended.

A) 50; 24
B) 100; 100
C) 5; 16
D) 10; none
E) 20; 20

Question 51

Microscopic hair comparisons must be regarded by police and courts as:

A) presumptive
B) individualizing
C) useless
D) classifying
E) conclusive

Question 52

Describe the correlation between hair analysis and DNA typing.

Question 53

The layers of the hair shaft are the ___________, the ___________, and the ___________.

A) cortex; mitochondria; pigment
B) cuticle; cortex; medulla
C) pigment; cortex; pigment
D) cuticle; root; medulla
E) root; medulla; scale pattern

Question 54

List and explain the properties of fibers that are most useful for forensic comparison.

Question 55

Explain the difference between natural and manufactured fibers.