Deck 16: Race and Ethnicity

Question 1

Intermarriage is one example of biological assimilation.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Anthropologist Franz Boas discovered a link between physical characteristics and culture.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

African Americans had the largest demographic increase compared to other ethnic groups, according to the 2000 census.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

All humans categorize race and ethnic groups in the same cognitive manner.

Question 5

Cases of ethnic cleansing and genocide have been on the decrease since World War II.

Question 6

"Jim Crow" laws are credited with beginning the process of school desegregation.

Question 7

Ethnic boundary markers include religion, dress, and language.

Question 8

Two-thirds of African Americans subsist at or below the poverty level.

Question 9

The confusion between the concepts of "race" and "culture" has been a fundamental misconception in the Western worldview.

Question 10

Anthropologists have helped dismiss the notion of clearly bounded, racially-distinct populations of humans.

Question 11

The United States continues to only allow white European immigrants across its borders.

Question 12

Assimilation between ethnic groups is not dependent on similarities of physical or cultural characteristics.

Question 13

The descendants of German immigrants outnumber all other ethnic groups in the United States.

Question 14

Multiculturalism means that a person can easily switch between two or more cultures without getting confused and frustrated.

Question 15

WASP (White Anglo-Saxon Protestant) culture is predominant in the United States.

Question 16

Ethnicity is not innately determined by biology or purported racial characteristics.

Question 17

The "Know-Nothings" political party was an attempt to promote Irish culture and Roman Catholicism in the United States.

Question 18

Nazis originated the concept of racism.

Question 19

One of the major lessons anthropology has to teach is, despite cultural or ethnic groups, individuals differ from one another.

Question 20

"Nuyoricans" are Cuban immigrants who fled the Castro regime and settled in Florida.
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 21

Ethnogenesis, the origin of an ethnic group, is:

A) a Biblical explanation for race
B) a concept that anthropologists no longer accept
C) a justification for racism
D) an ongoing sociocultural and political process that began in prehistory

Question 22

Hispanic/Latino populations in the United States are NOT concentrated in the:

A) Southwest
B) Southeast
C) Midwest
D) Northeast

Question 23

Since the 19th century, there has been a tendency in the U.S. to classify offspring of racially-mixed couples as belonging to the race of the parent with the lowest racial status. This is called the:

A) multiculturalist concept
B) circumstantialist model
C) primordialist model
D) hypodescent concept

Question 24

An ethnic group may be distinguished by all but one of the following criteria:

A) language
B) religion
C) biology
D) shared historical past

Question 25

Mohandas Gandhi in India, Jomo Kenyatta in East Africa, and Simon Bolivar in Latin America all mobilized new forms of:

A) ethnonationalism
B) assimilation
C) circumstantialism
D) primordialism

Question 26

Racist views during World War II were responsible for:

A) arrest of Communist Party members
B) renaming of towns with German names
C) deportation of Italian Americans
D) internment of Japanese Americans

Question 27

The majority of legal immigrants admitted to the United States in the early 1980s came from:

A) Asia
B) Latin America
C) Africa
D) Europe

Question 28

An example of biological assimilation is:

A) school segregation
B) interethnic marriage
C) ethnic cleansing
D) immigration quotas

Question 29

What actions did German, Irish, Italian, and Polish immigrants take to overcome racial discrimination in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

A) violent confrontations
B) joining unions and political parties
C) emphasizing higher education
D) shedding their ethnic identities

Question 30

Modern anthropological concepts of ethnicity take into consideration both:

A) physical and mental aspects
B) objective and subjective aspects
C) external and internal aspects
D) racial and cultural aspects

Question 31

An example of cultural assimilation is:

A) the popularity of Chinese restaurants
B) interracial dating
C) English as a second language
D) minority quotas for college enrollments

Question 32

The "one-drop rule" of racial categorization was never used to classify Native Americans because:

A) They received legal entitlements.
B) They inhabited North America first.
C) There were too many different tribes.
D) There was never prejudice against them.

Question 33

The famous American anthropologist subjected scientific racist beliefs to rigorous testing and evaluation; he found that there are no superior or inferior races.

A) Johann Blumenbach
B) Joseph Arthur de Gobineau
C) Carolus Linnaeus
D) Franz Boas

Question 34

"Scientific racism" was used to:

A) implement multicultural education
B) justify the annihilation of millions of Jews
C) identify human genetic codes
D) categorize norms, values, and mores

Question 35

The systematic attempt to kill and totally eliminate a particular ethnic group is:

A) apartheid
B) fratricide
C) ethnocide
D) genocide

Question 36

During the period 1901-1920, most legal immigrants into the United States were from:

A) Latin America
B) Southern and Eastern Europe
C) Northern and Western Europe
D) Asia

Question 37

Which of the following is not a pattern of ethnic interaction?

A) segregation
B) ethnic cleansing
C) fratricide
D) genocide

Question 38

The demand for cultural pluralism in the United States surfaced as a strong political force in the:

A) 1800s
B) 1920s
C) 1960s
D) 1990s

Question 39

Among the many racist events in U.S. history, little-known legislation in several states made which kind of intermarriage illegal?

A) Filipino-white
B) Korean-white
C) Jewish-Christian
D) Native American-white

Question 40

When minority ethnic groups want to resist cultural hegemony by the dominant ethnic group, they often try to secede and develop their own nation states. This is called a(n):

A) pluralist movement
B) multicultural movement
C) ethnonationalist movement
D) colonialist movement

Question 41

In a controversial book entitled The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life, the authors purportedly found a connection between genetic differences in the form of IQ scores and racial categories. Could differences in IQ scores among Euro Americans, Asian Americans, and African Americans be explained logically in other, more culturally-defined ways?

Question 42

The model of ethnicity in which boundary markers such as language, clothing, or other traits are not based on deeply-rooted, enduring connections to an ethnic identity is called the:

A) ethnogenesis model
B) biological assimilation model
C) circumstantialist model
D) primordialist model

Question 43

Compare the experiences of the German and Irish immigrants to the United States in the nineteenth century with immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe in the early twentieth century.

Question 44

In your opinion, what steps can be taken in the post-9/11 climate of suspicion to prevent unfair discrimination against Arab Americans?

Question 45

Select an ethnic group with which you are familiar and compare objective aspects of their culture to subjective aspects.

Question 46

Why do many Asian Americans resent being labeled the "model minority"? Do you think this stereotype is unfair? Why or why not?

Question 47

Discuss the problems inherent in measuring the mental capabilities of U.S. citizens by standard IQ tests.

Question 48

Non-voluntary or forced cultural assimilation of a minority group by a government is termed:

A) genocide
B) ethnocide
C) the "melting pot" approach
D) segregation Essay Questions

Question 49

Give examples of groups living in the United States who would fit the "circumstantialist model" and the "primordialist model" of ethnicity.

Question 50

What was significant about the pioneering work of Franz Boas in the field of physical anthropology? How did he help anthropology become more rigorous?

Question 51

What are some of the most important changes that will accompany increasing multiculturalism in the United States? What will be some of the problems that may occur? What are some of the solutions?