Deck 9: The Urinary System

Question 1

Which term describes the surgical repair of the tube extending from the kidney to the bladder?

A) pyeloplasty
B) meatoplasty
C) ureteroplasty
D) urethroplasty

Answer 1

ureteroplasty

Question 2

Which condition is the formation or discharge of pus in the kidney?

A) hydronephrosis
B) nephrolysis
C) nephroptosis
D) nephropyosis

Answer 2

nephropyosis

Question 3

Which condition is the abnormal narrowing of the tube that carries urine out of the body?

A) ureterostenosis
B) urethrostenosis
C) urethrostomy
D) urinary retention

Answer 3

urethrostenosis

Question 4

The placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall is known as ____ catheterization.

A) indwelling
B) sterile
C) suprapubic
D) urethral

Question 5

A/An ____ is an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina.

A) cystocele
B) cystolith
C) paraspadias
D) vesicovaginal fistula

Question 6

Which term describes the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine?

A) hyperlipidemia
B) hypolipidemia
C) hyperproteinuria
D) hypoproteinemia

Question 7

____ is an inflammation of both the renal pelvis and the kidney.This is usually caused by a bacterial infection that has spread upward from the bladder.

A) Cystitis
B) Nephritis
C) Pyelitis
D) Pyelonephritis

Question 8

The urethral meatus ____.

A) controls the flow of urine into the bladder
B) is the external opening of the urethra
C) is the opening from the ureter into the bladder
D) is the sphincter that controls urinary flow

Question 9

Which procedure is the freeing of a kidney from adhesions?

A) lithotripsy
B) nephrolithiasis
C) nephrolithotomy
D) nephrolysis

Question 10

The congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the upper surface of the penis is known as ____.

A) epispadias
B) hyperospadias
C) hypospadias
D) paraspadias

Question 11

Which of the following signs is not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?

A) edema
B) hyperproteinuria
C) hypolipidemia
D) pyelitis

Question 12

The term ____ describes difficult or painful urination.

A) diuresis
B) dysuria
C) enuresis
D) oliguria

Question 13

____ refers to the late stages of chronic renal failure,in which there is irreversible loss of function in both kidneys.

A) Acute renal failure
B) End-stage renal disease
C) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
D) Uremia

Question 14

Which term describes the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running,sneezing,laughing,or coughing?

A) micturition
B) overactive bladder
C) stress incontinence
D) urge incontinence

Question 15

The term ____ means excessive urination during the night.

A) diuresis
B) enuresis
C) nocturia
D) polyuria

Question 16

Which term describes the outer layer of the kidney?

A) Bowman's capsule
B) cortex
C) medulla
D) nephron

Question 17

Which condition is the abnormal enlargement of a ureter?

A) hydroureterosis
B) ureteralgia
C) ureterectasis
D) ureterostenosis

Question 18

Which term describes a radiographic study of the kidneys,ureters,and bladder without the use of a contrast medium?

A) intravenous urography
B) IVP
C) KUB
D) retrograde urography

Question 19

Which condition is a chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder?

A) cystalgia
B) cystodynia
C) cystitis
D) interstitial cystitis

Question 20

Which sudden onset condition is characterized by uremia?

A) acute renal failure
B) chronic renal failure
C) end-stage renal disease
D) nephrotic syndrome

Question 21

The term ____ describes the presence of stones in the kidney.

A) nephrolithiasis
B) nephrolith
C) nephrosis
D) renal colic

Question 22

A ____________________ nephrolithotomy is performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone.

Question 23

A surgical incision into the renal pelvis is a/an ____________________.

Question 24

The term ____________________ means scanty urination.

Question 25

Renal ____________________ is an acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone.

Question 26

The term ____________________ describes the distention of a ureter.

Question 27

A congenital female abnormality in which the urethral opening is into the vagina is known as ____________________.

Question 28

Urinary ____________________ is difficulty in starting a urinary stream.

Question 29

A/An ____________________ is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys.

Question 30

A/An ____________________ is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males.

Question 31

____ is a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea is retained in the blood.

A) Anuresis
B) Diuresis
C) Nephrotic syndrome
D) Uremia

Question 32

____________________ is an inflammation of the prostate gland.

Question 33

____________________ is the pigment that gives urine its normal yellow-amber or straw color.

Question 34

The complete suppression of urine formation by the kidneys is known as ____.

A) anuria
B) diuresis
C) oliguria
D) polyuria

Question 35

The treatment that provides ongoing dialysis is known as continuous ambulatory ____________________ dialysis.

Question 36

Neurogenic bladder ____.

A) is a symptom of diabetes mellitus
B) is also known as overactive bladder
C) is caused by interference with the nerve pathways associated with urination
D) causes a burning sensation in the bladder

Question 37

The swelling of one or both kidneys due to an obstruction in the flow of urine is known as ____________________.

Question 38

The freeing of a kidney from adhesions is known as ____________________.

Question 39

An intravenous ____________________ is a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters used to diagnose changes in the urinary tract.

Question 40

Which procedure is the removal of a kidney stone through a surgical incision into the kidney?

A) lithotomy
B) lithotripsy
C) nephrolithiasis
D) nephrolithotomy

Question 41

The kidneys are located within the peritoneal membranes of the abdominal cavity.

Question 42

The condition also known as bedwetting is nocturnal ____________________.

Question 43

The ____________________ is the smooth triangular area on the inner surface of the bladder located between the openings of the ureters and urethra.

Question 44

Enuresis is the involuntary discharge of urine.

Question 45

Cystoscopy is the visual examination of the interior of the urinary bladder.

Question 46

The term meaning the inability to control the excretion of urine and feces is ____________________.

Question 47

A urinary tract infection usually begins within the kidney.

Question 48

A ____________________ is the surgical fixation of a floating kidney.

Question 49

Medications administered to increase urine secretion are known as ____________________.

Question 50

Prostatism is the condition of having symptoms resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Question 51

Anuria is the absence of urine formation by the kidneys.

Question 52

A surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture is a/an ____________________.

Question 53

Renal colic is caused by inflammation of the kidney.

Question 54

A cystocele is a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall.

Question 55

The term nephropathy means any disease of the kidney.

Question 56

The prostate-specific antigen blood test is used to screen for enlargement of the prostate gland.

Question 57

A/An ____________________ tumor is a malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in children.

Question 58

____________________ shockwave lithotripsy is the destruction of stones with the use of high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel.

Question 59

An incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening is a/an ____________________.

Question 60

The insertion of a sterile tube through the urethra and into the urinary bladder is known as ____________________.

Question 61

A kidney transplant requires two kidneys to replace the function of the recipient's kidneys.

Question 62

Match each definition with the correct term.
nephrons

A)collects urine produced by the kidney
B)functional units of the kidneys
C)organs that remove waste products from blood
D)outer layer of the kidney
E)a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule

Question 63

Nephroptosis,also known as a floating kidney,is the prolapse of a kidney.

Question 64

Hemodialysis is the removal of waste products directly from the blood.

Question 65

Pyeloplasty is the surgical repair of the renal pelvis.

Question 66

Each glomerulus is surrounded by a renal pelvis.

Question 67

A urinary sphincter,located at each end of the urethra,controls the flow of urine.

Question 68

A ureterolith is a stone in the urethra.

Question 69

A female ureter is 10 inches long.

Question 70

Match each definition with the correct term.
kidneys

A)collects urine produced by the kidney
B)functional units of the kidneys
C)organs that remove waste products from blood
D)outer layer of the kidney
E)a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule

Question 71

Ureterostenosis is the distention of a ureter.

Question 72

Match each definition with the correct term.
renal cortex

A)collects urine produced by the kidney
B)functional units of the kidneys
C)organs that remove waste products from blood
D)outer layer of the kidney
E)a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule

Question 73

Pyelonephritis is cancer of the kidney.

Question 74

Hydronephrosis is the enlargement of the renal pelvis of one or both kidneys.

Question 75

Match each definition with the correct term.
renal pelvis

A)collects urine produced by the kidney
B)functional units of the kidneys
C)organs that remove waste products from blood
D)outer layer of the kidney
E)a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule

Question 76

Renal failure is the inability of one or both kidneys to perform their functions.

Question 77

Urine is the major waste product of protein metabolism.

Question 78

Trigonitis is an inflammation of the urinary bladder that is localized in the region of the trigone.

Question 79

Match each definition with the correct term.
glomerulus

A)collects urine produced by the kidney
B)functional units of the kidneys
C)organs that remove waste products from blood
D)outer layer of the kidney
E)a cluster of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule

Question 80

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited kidney disorder in which the kidneys become enlarged because of multiple cysts.