Deck 5: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

The chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives is known as ____.

A) congestive heart failure
B) coronary artery disease
C) end-stage coronary artery disease
D) peripheral vascular disease

Answer 1

congestive heart failure

Question 2

Which of these conditions is often the cause of sudden cardiac death?

A) atrial fibrillation
B) cardiac arrhythmia
C) paroxysmal tachycardia
D) ventricular fibrillation

Answer 2

ventricular fibrillation

Question 3

The pulmonary arteries carry ____ blood.

A) carbon-dioxide-free
B) carbon-dioxide-rich
C) oxygen-poor
D) oxygen-rich

Answer 3

oxygen-poor

Question 4

The ____ are only one cell in thickness and are the smallest blood vessels in the body.

A) arterioles
B) capillaries
C) coronary arteries
D) venules

Question 5

A ____ is a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-hour period.

A) echocardiogram
B) electrocardiogram
C) Holter monitor
D) thallium test

Question 6

Which term describes a localized balloonlike enlargement of an artery wall?

A) aneurysm
B) plaque
C) thrombosis
D) varicosity

Question 7

A/An ____ blocks the enzyme action that causes the blood vessels to contract,resulting in hypertension.

A) ACE inhibitor
B) digitalis
C) digoxin
D) diuretic

Question 8

Which of the following are the smallest formed elements of the blood? These cells play an important role in the clotting of blood.

A) basophils
B) erythrocytes
C) monocytes
D) thrombocytes

Question 9

The term ____ describes any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood is less than normal.

A) leukopenia
B) polycythemia
C) thrombocytopenia
D) thrombocytosis

Question 10

Which condition is a blood disorder in which red blood cells are larger than normal?

A) dyscrasia
B) leukemia
C) megaloblastic anemia
D) thalassemia

Question 11

A/An ____ is the condition of having a blood clot attached to the wall of a deep vein.

A) deep vein thrombosis
B) orthostatic hypotension
C) phlebitis
D) peripheral vascular disease

Question 12

Which cancerous blood condition was previously known as preleukemia?

A) myelodysplasia syndrome
B) myelodysplastic syndrome
C) myodysplasia syndrome
D) myodysplastic syndrome

Question 13

____ is the iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes that transports oxygen from the lungs to all of the body tissues.

A) Fibrinogen
B) Hemoglobin
C) Platelets
D) Prothrombin

Question 14

Formed in red bone marrow,____ are the most common type of white blood cells.

A) basophils
B) eosinophils
C) lymphocytes
D) neutrophils

Question 15

The condition of having an abnormally slow resting heartbeat is known as ____.

A) atrial fibrillation
B) bradycardia
C) palpitation
D) tachycardia

Question 16

The highest pressure against the artery walls,which occurs when the ventricles contract,is known as ____.

A) diastolic pressure
B) hypertension
C) prehypertension
D) systolic pressure

Question 17

Which specialist treats diseases and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues?

A) cardiologist
B) hematologist
C) histologist
D) pathologist

Question 18

Which condition causes an irregular quivering action of the muscular wall of the atria?

A) atrial fibrillation
B) fibrillation
C) palpitation
D) ventricular fibrillation

Question 19

Which medication controls irregularities of the heartbeat?

A) antiarrhythmic
B) thrombolytic
C) vasoconstrictor
D) vasodilator

Question 20

A/An ____,which is designed for use by nonprofessionals,externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm.

A) automated external defibrillator
B) defibrillator
C) implantable cardioverter defibrillator
D) pacemaker

Question 21

A radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium is known as a/an ____________________.

Question 22

____ is a systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood.

A) Dyscrasia
B) Hemochromatosis
C) Hemolytic reaction
D) Septicemia

Question 23

Also known as iron overload disease,____________________ is a genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron.

Question 24

Abnormally swollen veins in the legs are known as ____________________ veins.

Question 25

The straw-colored fluid that transports nutrients,hormones,and waste products is known as ____________________.

Question 26

____________________ is a vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart.

Question 27

A/An ____________________ is also known as a clot-busting drug.

Question 28

A tissue plasminogen activator is administered to ____.

A) control irregularities of the heartbeat
B) dissolve damaging blood clots
C) ease the pain of angina pectoris
D) reduce the size of an aneurysm

Question 29

The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is controlled by the ____________________ valve.

Question 30

An inflammation involving several arteries is known as ____________________.

Question 31

Severe episodes of severe chest pain caused by inadequate blood flow to the myocardium are known as ____________________.These episodes are due to ischemia of the heart muscle.

Question 32

Which of these medical conditions is commonly known as a heart attack?

A) angina pectoris
B) atherosclerosis
C) ischemic heart disease
D) myocardial infarction

Question 33

An abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow is known as ____________________.

Question 34

Inflammation of a vein is known as ____________________.

Question 35

A ____________________ thrombosis is damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery.

Question 36

The passing of a catheter into the heart is known as cardiac ____________________.

Question 37

A/An ____ is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis,medical management,and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels.

A) cardiologist
B) hematologist
C) oncologist
D) vascular surgeon

Question 38

The main trunk of the arterial system that begins from the left ventricle of the heart is the ____________________.

Question 39

The term ____________________ means to stop or control bleeding

Question 40

A/An ____ is a foreign object,such as a blood clot,that is circulating in the blood.

A) embolism
B) embolus
C) thrombosis
D) thrombus

Question 41

The term peripheral vascular disease refers to disorders of the blood vessels located outside the heart and brain.

Question 42

The systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood is known as ____________________.

Question 43

A/An ____________________,which is a characteristic of atherosclerosis,is a deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall.

Question 44

A benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels is known as a/an ____________________.

Question 45

Dyscrasia is also known as blood poisoning.

Question 46

An artificial pacemaker is an implanted device that acts as an automatic defibrillator.

Question 47

The procedure of suturing an aneurysm is a/an ____________________.

Question 48

The bundle of His consists of specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles.

Question 49

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)is commonly referred to as good cholesterol.

Question 50

Duplex ultrasound is a diagnostic procedure to image the structures of the blood vessels and the flow of blood through these vessels.

Question 51

The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Question 52

The superior vena cava supplies blood to the heart muscle.

Question 53

The type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes is known as ____________________.

Question 54

The removal of whole blood from the body,separation of its cellular elements,and reinfusion of these cellular elements suspended in a plasma substitute is known as ____________________.

Question 55

An inflammation of the inner layer of the heart is known as ____________________.

Question 56

A heart murmur is an abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels.

Question 57

The abnormal enlargement of the heart that is frequently associated with congestive heart failure is known as ____________________.

Question 58

A fast heartbeat of sudden onset is known as paroxysmal ____________________.

Question 59

The tricuspid valve is shaped like a half moon.

Question 60

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaques on the interior walls of the arteries is known as a/an ____________________.

Question 61

Match each definition with the correct term.
atherectomy

A)surgical removal of the lining of an artery
B)surgical removal of plaque from an artery
C)surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
D)surgical removal of part of an artery
E)surgical removal of an aneurysm

Question 62

Coumadin is a medication that is administered to reduce undesirable blood cholesterol levels.

Question 63

The Rh factor refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells.

Question 64

Blood gases include oxygen,carbon dioxide,and nitrogen.

Question 65

Coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle.

Question 66

Basophils are red blood cells that are responsible for the symptoms of allergies.

Question 67

Match each definition with the correct term.
endarterectomy

A)surgical removal of the lining of an artery
B)surgical removal of plaque from an artery
C)surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
D)surgical removal of part of an artery
E)surgical removal of an aneurysm

Question 68

Match each definition with the correct term.
aneurysmectomy

A)surgical removal of the lining of an artery
B)surgical removal of plaque from an artery
C)surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
D)surgical removal of part of an artery
E)surgical removal of an aneurysm

Question 69

Thrombocytes are also known as platelets.

Question 70

Digitalis is often used to treat congestive heart failure or certain types of arrhythmias.

Question 71

An embolism is the blockage of a vessel by an embolus.

Question 72

Match each definition with the correct term.
carotid endarterectomy

A)surgical removal of the lining of an artery
B)surgical removal of plaque from an artery
C)surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
D)surgical removal of part of an artery
E)surgical removal of an aneurysm

Question 73

Raynaud's phenomenon is a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress.

Question 74

Match each definition with the correct term.
arteriectomy

A)surgical removal of the lining of an artery
B)surgical removal of plaque from an artery
C)surgical removal of the lining of the carotid artery
D)surgical removal of part of an artery
E)surgical removal of an aneurysm

Question 75

Palpitation is a pounding or racing heart that may occur as part of a panic attack.

Question 76

Ischemia is a condition in which restricted blood flow to a part of the body causes an insufficient oxygen supply.

Question 77

Serum is plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed.

Question 78

Cardiomyopathy is the term used to describe all the diseases of the heart muscle.

Question 79

Bradycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeat.

Question 80

Hypoperfusion is a deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part.