Deck 4: The Muscular System

Question 1

____ is a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.

A) Fibromyalgia
B) Myalgia
C) Polymyalgia
D) Polymyositis

Answer 1

Polymyositis

Question 2

Which term means to suture the ends of a tendon to a bone?

A) tenectomy
B) tenodesis
C) tenolysis
D) tenoplasty

Answer 2

tenodesis

Question 3

The term ____ means to bend the foot upward at the ankle.

A) dorsiextension
B) dorsiflexion
C) plantar extension
D) plantar flexion

Answer 3

dorsiflexion

Question 4

____ is a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side.

A) contracture
B) intermittent claudication
C) myasthenia gravis
D) spasmodic torticollis

Question 5

A ____ is the surgical repair of a fascia.

A) fasciectomy
B) fascioplasty
C) fasciorrhaphy
D) fasciotomy

Question 6

Which condition is the total paralysis of one side of the body?

A) hemiparesis
B) hemiplegia
C) paraplegia
D) quadriplegia

Question 7

The term ____ means to move away from the midline.

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) extension
D) flexion

Question 8

The term ____ means to bend a limb at the joint.

A) circumduction
B) elevation
C) extension
D) flexion

Question 9

The term ____ in a muscle name means slanted or at an angle.

A) lateral
B) oblique
C) sphincter
D) transverse

Question 10

Which term means abnormally decreased motor function or activity?

A) bradykinesia
B) dyskinesia
C) hyperkinesia
D) hypokinesia

Question 11

Which type of muscle tissue forms the muscular wall of the heart?

A) involuntary
B) myocardial
C) visceral
D) voluntary

Question 12

A/An ____ is the surgical division of a tendon for relief of a deformity caused by the abnormal shortening of a muscle.

A) tenectomy
B) tenodesis
C) tenolysis
D) tenotomy

Question 13

Which motion turns the palm of the hand downward or backward?

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) pronation
D) supination

Question 14

____ occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the narrow area in the wrist.

A) Carpal tunnel syndrome
B) Fibromyalgia syndrome
C) Repetitive motion disorders
D) Repetitive stress disorders

Question 15

The point at which a muscle begins is known as the ____.

A) insertion
B) origin
C) pronation
D) rotation

Question 16

The study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment is known as ____.

A) ergonomics
B) kinesiology
C) physiatry
D) physiology

Question 17

Which term describes the act of raising the ribs when breathing in?

A) depression
B) elevation
C) extension
D) hyperextension

Question 18

Which of these muscles is formed from three divisions?

A) biceps
B) quadriceps
C) triceps
D) uniceps

Question 19

Which term describes an abnormal condition of muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement?

A) dystonia
B) hypertonia
C) hypotonia
D) myotonia

Question 20

A/An ____ is the permanent tightening of fascia,muscles,tendons,ligaments,or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues.

A) adhesion
B) claudication
C) contracture
D) spasm

Question 21

Movement toward the midline of the body is known as ____________________.

Question 22

Weakness and wasting away caused by disuse of the muscle over a long period of time is known as ____.

A) atrophy
B) dystonia
C) hypotonia
D) myotonia

Question 23

The term ____________________,also known as tenalgia,is pain in a tendon.

Question 24

The circular movement of a limb at the far end is known as ____________________.

Question 25

The term ____________________ means the rupture or tearing of a muscle.

Question 26

____ is a weakness or slight muscular paralysis.

A) Hemiparesis
B) Hemiplegia
C) Myoparesis
D) Paraplegia

Question 27

Intermittent ____________________ is pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

Question 28

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow is known as ____________________.

Question 29

The term ____ describes a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction.

A) atonic
B) dystaxia
C) dystonia
D) myotonia

Question 30

The paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body is known as ____________________.

Question 31

A circular movement around an axis,such as the shoulder joint,is known as ____________________.

Question 32

Which diagnostic test records the strength of muscle contractions?

A) electrocardiography
B) electromyography
C) electroneuromyography
D) tonometry

Question 33

A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation is known as a/an ____________________.

Question 34

The specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia is known as ____________________ release.

Question 35

The condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles is known as ____________________.

Question 36

The medical term for hiccups is ____________________.

Question 37

Which term describes the protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath?

A) myocele
B) myorrhaphy
C) myorrhexis
D) myotomy

Question 38

A sudden,involuntary contraction of one or more muscles is known as a/an ____________________.

Question 39

The term ____________________ means the degeneration of muscle tissue.

Question 40

____________________ ____________________ syndrome (CFS)is a debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity.

Question 41

Transverse means in straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body.

Question 42

Skeletal muscles are also known as striated muscles because of their striped appearance.

Question 43

Dystaxia is an inability to coordinate the muscles in the execution of voluntary movement.

Question 44

Fasciitis is inflammation of a fascia.

Question 45

Testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of nerves is known as _________________________.

Question 46

Insertion is the place where the muscle ends.

Question 47

A/An ____________________ is band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

Question 48

A physiatrist is a specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop,implement,and coordinate exercise programs,and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.

Question 49

Achilles ____________________ is a painful inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on that tendon.

Question 50

Hypertension is the overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit.

Question 51

The procedure of freeing a tendon from adhesions is known as ____________________.

Question 52

Paralysis of the heart muscles is known as ____________________,or as cardiac arrest.

Question 53

Impingement syndrome occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

Question 54

A ganglion cyst is a malignant fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.

Question 55

Abnormal softening of muscle tissue is known as ____________________.

Question 56

In a muscle pair,the muscles work in opposition to each other.

Question 57

A/An ____________________ blocker is a drug that causes temporary muscle paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles.

Question 58

Surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon is known as ____________________.

Question 59

The condition of extreme slowness in movement is known as ____________________.This is one of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Question 60

____________________ syndrome involves the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles.

Question 61

Match each definition with the correct term.
flexion

A)bends a joint
B)moves away from the midline
C)moves toward the midline
D)straightens a joint
E)turns the palm downward

Question 62

A tenectomy is a surgical incision into a tendon for the purpose of lengthening it.

Question 63

Paralysis is the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements through disease or injury to its nerve supply.

Question 64

Hyperkinesia is abnormally increased muscle function or activity.

Question 65

A rotator cuff injury affects the knee.

Question 66

Muscular dystrophy is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

Question 67

Myorrhaphy is the rupture of a muscle.

Question 68

Fascia is the sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers,supports,and separates muscles or groups of muscles.

Question 69

A sprain is an injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon.

Question 70

Sarcopenia is the age-related reduction in skeletal muscle mass in the elderly.

Question 71

Heel spurs are hardened deposits in the plantar fascia that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis.

Question 72

Match each definition with the correct term.
adduction

A)bends a joint
B)moves away from the midline
C)moves toward the midline
D)straightens a joint
E)turns the palm downward

Question 73

A depressor muscle lowers a body part.

Question 74

Match each definition with the correct term.
extension

A)bends a joint
B)moves away from the midline
C)moves toward the midline
D)straightens a joint
E)turns the palm downward

Question 75

Smooth muscles are located in the walls of internal organs such as the digestive tract,blood vessels,and ducts leading from glands.

Question 76

Match each definition with the correct term.
abduction

A)bends a joint
B)moves away from the midline
C)moves toward the midline
D)straightens a joint
E)turns the palm downward

Question 77

Deep tendon reflexes (DTR)are tested with a reflex hammer that is used to strike a joint.

Question 78

Match each definition with the correct term.
pronation

A)bends a joint
B)moves away from the midline
C)moves toward the midline
D)straightens a joint
E)turns the palm downward

Question 79

A shin splint is pain caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia.

Question 80

An antispasmodic is administered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach,intestine,or bladder.