Deck 5: Personality,perception,and Employee Attitudes

Question 1

There is considerable complexity involved with the impact that personality trait of conscientiousness on various work related variables.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The socialization process is especially relevant to organizational behavior because the process is mainly confined to early childhood,the period where the person is most vulnerable to impact.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Interpretation is the behavioral termination of perception.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Evolutionary psychologists are suggesting that humans may be 'hardwired' from distant previous generations.

Question 5

The study of the role of heredity in the personality of an individual has taken on a new vigor in the last decade or so through studying identical twins.

Question 6

In the physiological/biological approach to the study of personality,the environment is sometimes called the last frontier.

Question 7

Schein's idea that the organization itself contributes to socialization is of particular interest to the study of organizational behavior.

Question 8

Self concept has to do with people's self-perceived competence and self-image.

Question 9

The person-situation interaction dimension suggests that people are static,acting basically the same in all scenarios.

Question 10

The major reason the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)is such a psychologically non-threatening,commonly used personality inventory is because during formulating his theory,Jung emphasized that there were no good or bad types.

Question 11

In the personality theory,the self is a unique product of many interacting parts and may be thought of as a personality viewed from the inside.

Question 12

Perception forms a picture of the world,a picture that is similar to reality.

Question 13

There is general agreement that conscientiousness has a strong positive correlation with job motivation.

Question 14

Most people tend to describe personality by a single dominant characteristic.

Question 15

The real value of the Big Five to organizational behavior is that it brings back the importance of pre-dispositional traits,and these traits have been clearly shown to relate to job performance.

Question 16

There are many well known stage theories of personality development,and there is wide-spread agreement about the exact stages.

Question 17

Observable patterns that last over time form part of the psychodynamic theory.

Question 18

Personality is described as the way people affect others and the manner in which they understand and view themselves,as well as their pattern of inner and outer measurable traits and the person-situation interaction.

Question 19

Perception is more complex and broader than sensation.

Question 20

People's attempts to understand themselves are called the self-esteem in personality theory.

Question 21

Organizational commitment is an attitude reflecting employees' loyalty to their organization and is an ongoing process through which organizational participants express their concern for the organization and its continued success and well-being.

Question 22

An employee who is emotionally attached and involved with the organization is showing normative commitment.

Question 23

Which among the following is considered to be more of a global,relatively fixed trait than being a more situation and context specific trait?

A) Self-efficacy
B) Self-esteem
C) Self-control
D) Self-monitoring

Question 24

Job satisfaction is a result of employees' perception of how well their job provides those things that are viewed as important.

Question 25

) Shawn works as an executive in an advertising firm.The management considers him to be an asset for the firm due to his creativity,artistic sensitivity,and imaginative capability.Considering only these qualities,Shawn would score high on which of the following trait?

A) Agreeableness
B) Extraversion
C) Openness to experience
D) Conscientiousness

Question 26

The recognition and understanding of basic perceptual profiles of social perception can contribute to complex processes such as authentic leadership.

Question 27

Which among these would NOT be included under the specific steps that can lead to successful organizational socialization?

A) Providing an easy first job.
B) Providing relevant training.
C) Providing a relaxed orientation program.
D) Placing new recruits in workgroups with high morale.

Question 28

) Ruth is a business analyst in a successful marketing firm.According to her manager Jim,she is dependable,hardworking,and self-disciplined.Considering only the qualities given,Ruth would score high on which of the following trait?

A) Agreeableness
B) Extraversion
C) Openness to experience
D) Conscientiousness

Question 29

Most people give working conditions a great deal of thought,especially if they are very bad.

Question 30

A person scoring in which of the following trait would handle customer relations and conflict more effectively?

A) Agreeableness
B) Conscientiousness
C) Emotional stability
D) Openness to experience

Question 31

Horns effect occurs when an individual is downgraded because of a single negative characteristic or incident.

Question 32

Some of the historically important definitions for personality have come from all of the following theories EXCEPT:

A) trait theory.
B) psychoanalytical or psychodynamic theory.
C) humanistic theory.
D) social theory.

Question 33

Which of the following technologies allows the measurement of brain activity by mapping specific regions that are linked to specialized roles?

A) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
B) Functional magnetic resonance imaging
C) Visual cortex topography
D) Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 34

Absolutely no turnover is beneficial to the organization.

Question 35

The situation,behavior,and environmental consequences indicate that perception is related to behavior.

Question 36

Put in relation to other organizational behavior areas as a personality trait per se,conscientious employees tend to show all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

A) setting higher goals for themselves.
B) responding well to empowerment strategies of human resource management.
C) responding well to job enrichment.
D) being more impulsive.

Question 37

Which of the following suggests that people are not static,but instead are ever changing and flexible?

A) Socialization process
B) Classical management theory
C) Person-Situation interaction
D) Social cognitive theory

Question 38

A study found that those with a strategic management style were most characterized by which of the following personality traits identified by the Big Five?

A) Extraversion and agreeableness
B) Conscientiousness and openness to experience
C) Emotional stability and openness to experience
D) Agreeableness and emotional stability

Question 39

Which of the following trait has the strongest positive correlation with job performance?

A) Conscientiousness
B) Emotional stability
C) Extraversion
D) Agreeableness

Question 40

Which of the following is defined as the 'self perceived value that individuals have of themselves as organization members acting within an organization context?'

A) Organization-based self-esteem
B) Organization-based self-concept
C) Organization-based self-confidence
D) Organization-based self-value

Question 41

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,an individual's orientation to the outside world is a part of which of the following?

A) Judging vs.Perceiving
B) Extraversion vs.Introversion
C) Sensing vs.Intuiting
D) Thinking vs.Feeling

Question 42

Which of the following does NOT occur within the cognitive processes of the person?

A) Confrontation
B) Registration
C) Interpretation
D) Feedback

Question 43

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)has been widely used in all of the following management practices EXCEPT:

A) real-world career counseling.
B) team building.
C) strategic planning.
D) conflict management.

Question 44

Which of the following best describes the extent to which the job provides the individual with interesting tasks,opportunities for learning,and the chance to accept responsibility?

A) Promotion opportunities
B) Supervision
C) The work itself
D) Coworkers

Question 45

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,which combinations of characteristics of the four major dimensions would be an ideal manager type?

A) EFPT
B) ISTJ
C) IFNE
D) ESTJ

Question 46

Carl Jung classified personality into four dimensions or traits.Identify the incorrect one.

A) Introversion/ judging.
B) Perceiving/ judging.
C) Sensing/ intuition.
D) Thinking/ feeling.

Question 47

Leon is well known in the office as a guy with the sweet smile.Which of the following best describes this tendency?

A) Halo effect
B) Demagogy
C) Archetype
D) Stereotype

Question 48

In which of the following stage of the perception process are the physiological mechanisms affected?

A) Confrontation
B) Registration
C) Interpretation
D) Feedback

Question 49

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,how people prefer to focus their energies is a part of which of the following?

A) Judging vs.Perceiving
B) Extraversion vs.Introversion
C) Sensing vs.Intuiting
D) Thinking vs.Feeling

Question 50

Which of the following refers to an individual being downgraded because of a single negative characteristic or incident?

A) Demagogy
B) Horns effect
C) Stereotype
D) Archetype

Question 51

Which of the following is a characteristic of the person being perceived that influences social perception?

A) Knowing oneself makes it easier to see others accurately.
B) The visible traits of the person perceived will greatly influence others' perception of the person.
C) Accuracy in perceiving others is not a single skill.
D) One's own characteristics affect the characteristics one is likely to see in others.

Question 52

The key to understanding perception is to recognize that:

A) it is an exact recording of the situation.
B) it is a cognitive process that yields a standard picture of the world.
C) it is a unique interpretation of the situation.
D) it is a picture that is very similar reality.

Question 53

In which of the following,the questions relate to how people prefer to focus their energies,give attention,and collect information?

A) Campbell Interest and Skill Survey
B) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
C) John Holland Method
D) California psychological Inventory

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of people with positive affectivity (PA)?

A) Less absent from work
B) Better performance
C) Experiencing more stress
D) More satisfied

Question 55

Employee-centeredness is measured by:

A) the degree to which a supervisor takes a personal interest and cares about the employee.
B) the degree of feedback a supervisor gives the employee.
C) the degree of leniency given by a supervisor to the employee.
D) the degree of training received by the employee.

Question 56

Which of the following refers to the tendency to perceive another person as belonging to a single category?

A) Halo effect
B) Demagogy
C) Archetype
D) Stereotype

Question 57

Which of the following can be defined as a complicated interaction of selection,organization,and interpretation?

A) The perceptual process
B) The socialization process
C) The cognitive process
D) The behavioral process

Question 58

Which of the following is the most significant cognitive aspect of perception?

A) Confrontation
B) Registration
C) Interpretation
D) Feedback

Question 59

Employees often see _____ as a reflection of how management views their contribution to the organization.

A) benefits
B) promotions
C) increased responsibilities
D) pay

Question 60

According to Locke,which of the following may be defined as "a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or job experience?"

A) Job motivation
B) Happiness
C) Achievement
D) Job satisfaction

Question 61

Define the socialization process.How is it relevant to organizational behavior?

Question 62

John has been working for an accounting firm for 15 years.The only reason he has not quit is because of the costs he associates with leaving the organization.Which of the following best explains this commitment?

A) Cognitive commitment
B) Normative commitment
C) Affective commitment
D) Continuance commitment

Question 63

Ruth has been working in an advertising firm form 5 years.She wants to change her job but does not quit because she feels that sticking on to her job is the right thing to do.Which of the following describes this commitment?

A) Cognitive commitment
B) Normative commitment
C) Affective commitment
D) Continuance commitment

Question 64

According to Myers-Briggs Type Indicator,explain "ESTJ" personality type.

Question 65

List the steps that can lead to successful organizational socialization.

Question 66

Kate is emotionally attached to,and involved in the organization.Which of the following best describes this commitment?

A) Cognitive commitment
B) Normative commitment
C) Affective commitment
D) Continuance commitment

Question 67

How is stereotyping different from the halo effect?

Question 68

Conceptual,methodological,empirical,and practical analyses have questioned and argued against the weak results on the relationship between:

A) job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
B) job satisfaction and performance.
C) positive affectivity and performance.
D) negative affectivity and organizational commitment.

Question 69

List and briefly explain the job dimensions that have been identified to represent the most important characteristics of a job about which employees have affective responses.

Question 70

Briefly describe the positive impact of conscientiousness.

Question 71

Which one of the following CANNOT be classified as a personal variable that affects the attitude toward organization commitment?

A) Tenure in the organization
B) Positive or negative affectivity
C) Career adaptability
D) Supervisor's leadership style

Question 72

Heath has a deadline for his project tomorrow,but knows that he has to finish it today to give time for the post-project formalities.He stay late in the office and makes sure he completes his project before he leaves.Which of the following best explains Heath's behavior?

A) Conscientiousness
B) Civic virtue
C) Altruism
D) Sportsmanship

Question 73

List the definitions of organizational commitment as an attitude.

Question 74

List the personality dimensions or traits of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

Question 75

Some organizational behavior experts feel that the term organization commitment is a dead issue because of the new environment and should be replaced with the term:

A) personal commitment.
B) goal orientation.
C) satisfaction quotient.
D) career commitment.

Question 76

Heather is working on a team project which consequently fails because Sean,one of her team members,did not follow her instructions accordingly.In a team meeting with her superior manager after the project's failure,Heather shares the responsibility with the other members of the team eventhough she knows that the project would have been a success only if Sean had followed her instruction.Which of the following best describes Heather's behavior?

A) Conscientiousness
B) Civic virtue
C) Altruism
D) Sportsmanship

Question 77

Ben has a deadline scheduled today but gets ill sometime in the afternoon.Rowen,his teammate,asks Ben to leave for the day and assures him that he would finish Ben's work and deliver the deadline.Which of the following best describes Rowen's behavior?

A) Conscientiousness
B) Civic virtue
C) Altruism
D) Sportsmanship

Question 78

Summarize the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover.

Question 79

How does the study of identical twins help in determining the role of heredity in personality?

Question 80

Briefly explain the subprocesses of perception.