Deck 6: Multiple Choice

Question 1

The breakdown of drugs by the body is referred to as:

A) reuptake.
B) metabolization.
C) catabolization.
D) deactivation.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Approximately how many liters of blood are in the circulatory system at any one time?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 12

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT cross the blood-brain barrier?

A) oxygen
B) glucose
C) amino acids
D) None of the answers is correct.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Endothelial cells are:

A) surrounded by the end feet of astrocyte glial cells.
B) associated with veins.
C) organized in the same fashion throughout the body.
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 5

Drugs that influence hormones primarily do so by acting on the:

A) hypothalamus.
B) pituitary gland.
C) area postrema.
D) pineal gland.

Question 6

If a person is dying and needs lifesaving medication to be administered as quickly as possible,what is the BEST method of administration?

A) oral consumption
B) injection into muscle
C) injection into the bloodstream
D) a patch on the skin

Question 7

The _____ is especially important for catabolizing drugs in the body.

A) liver
B) pancreas
C) kidneys
D) gallbladder

Question 8

The blood-brain barrier does NOT allow _____ to pass through.

A) glucose
B) amino acids
C) neurochemicals
D) oxygen

Question 9

_____ cannot be easily broken down by the body and can cause severe neurological side effects.

A) Mercury
B) Magnesium
C) Aluminum
D) Potassium

Question 10

One thousand micrograms of amphetamine taken orally is equivalent to:

A) 100 micrograms injected into the cerebrospinal fluid.
B) 10 micrograms injected into the cerebrospinal fluid.
C) 5 micrograms injected into the cerebrospinal fluid.
D) 1 microgram injected into the cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 11

Tight junctions are associated with:

A) astrocyte glial cells.
B) endothelial cells.
C) synaptic clefts.
D) drugs bound to proteins.

Question 12

Drugs that are used to manage neuropsychological illness are called:

A) prophylactic drugs.
B) psychoactive drugs.
C) mood drugs.
D) psychodepressant drugs.

Question 13

_____ is the study of how drugs affect the nervous system and behavior.

A) Neuroscience
B) Biopsychology
C) Neuropsychology
D) Psychopharmacology

Question 14

The correct order from LEAST efficient to MOST efficient method of drug administration is:

A) oral consumption,inhalation,injection into the bloodstream.
B) skin patch,oral consumption,injection into muscle.
C) injection into muscle,injection into bloodstream,oral consumption.
D) inhalation,oral consumption,injection into the brain.

Question 15

Which is the MOST effective in passing through the blood-brain barrier easily?

A) weak-base drugs
B) drugs bound to proteins
C) hydrophobic drugs
D) water-soluble drugs

Question 16

Which of the following substances can pass through the endothelial membrane in the blood-brain barrier unassisted (i.e. ,without active transport)?

A) glucose
B) carbon dioxide
C) amino acids
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 17

The pituitary gland is to the area postrema of the lower brainstem as:

A) toxins are to hormones.
B) hormones are to toxins.
C) vomiting is to shivering.
D) shivering is to vomiting.

Question 18

The _____ does NOT have a blood-brain barrier.

A) amygdala
B) pineal gland
C) thalamus
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 19

Various forms of _____ have been used as study pills by students.

A) barbiturates
B) opioids
C) amphetamines
D) antipsychotics

Question 20

Which of the following is the LEAST efficient method of drug administration?

A) injection into the bloodstream
B) injection into the brain
C) oral consumption
D) inhaling the drug

Question 21

When the number of enzymes needed to break down a drug in the liver increases,it is called:

A) cellular tolerance.
B) metabolic tolerance.
C) sensitization.
D) habituation.

Question 22

Nicotine,a chemical found in tobacco smoke,has its effect by:

A) promoting the release of acetylcholine.
B) inhibiting the release of acetylcholine.
C) blocking the GABA receptors.
D) activating the GABA receptors.

Question 23

_____ is likely to increase with _____ drug use.

A) Tolerance;occasional
B) Sensitization;repeated
C) Sensitization;occasional
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 24

Botulin toxin (botulism)causes paralysis and slowed breathing and is therefore:

A) an acetylcholine agonist.
B) an acetylcholine antagonist.
C) a dopamine agonist.
D) a dopamine antagonist.

Question 25

If a person consumes five alcoholic drinks per day for 2 months that person will demonstrate _____ and _____ at the end of the 2 months.

A) less intoxication;the same blood alcohol level
B) more intoxication;an increased blood alcohol level
C) less intoxication;a lower blood alcohol level
D) more intoxication;the same blood alcohol level

Question 26

A drug that prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine at synapses is an example of an:

A) antagonist.
B) accelerant.
C) blocker.
D) agonist.

Question 27

Agonist is to antagonist as:

A) receptor is to terminal button.
B) drug is to neurotransmitter.
C) accelerate is to brake.
D) slow is to fast.

Question 28

Black widow spider venom:

A) promotes the release of acetylcholine.
B) blocks receptors.
C) stimulates receptors.
D) inhibits the release of acetylcholine.

Question 29

_____ is a decreased response to a drug over time.

A) Addiction
B) Tolerance
C) Dependence
D) Sensitization

Question 30

Curare:

A) promotes the release of acetylcholine.
B) blocks receptors.
C) stimulates receptors.
D) inhibits the release of acetylcholine.

Question 31

Black widow spider venom affects its victim by:

A) promoting the release of acetylcholine.
B) inhibiting the release of acetylcholine.
C) blocking postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors.
D) activating postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors.

Question 32

Physostigmine acts by:

A) reducing the release of acetylcholine.
B) increasing the release of acetylcholine.
C) speeding up the reuptake of acetylcholine.
D) slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synapse.

Question 33

A drug that reduces dopamine release at synapses is an example of a(n):

A) antagonist.
B) accelerant.
C) blocker.
D) agonist.

Question 34

Nicotine acts as a(n):

A) acetylcholine agonist.
B) serotonin agonist.
C) acetylcholine antagonist.
D) dopamine antagonist.

Question 35

An example of an organophosphate is:

A) curare.
B) physostigmine.
C) insecticide.
D) botulinum toxin.

Question 36

Psychoactive drugs have most of their effects at the:

A) cell body.
B) axon.
C) synapse.
D) dendrites.

Question 37

_____has been used to treat some memory disorders.

A) Curare,an acetylcholine antagonist,
B) Botulin toxin,an acetylcholine agonist,
C) Physostigmine,an acetylcholine agonist,
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 38

Curare acts as a(n):

A) acetylcholine agonist.
B) acetylcholine antagonist.
C) serotonin antagonist.
D) dopamine antagonist.

Question 39

The development of _____ can explain why a person may not appear to be intoxicated despite having a high blood alcohol level.

A) metabolic tolerance
B) addiction
C) sensitization
D) cellular tolerance

Question 40

_____ was used to make poison arrowheads by South American natives.

A) Curare,an acetylcholine agonist,
B) Physostigmine,an acetylcholine antagonist,
C) Physostigmine,an acetylcholine agonist,
D) Curare,an acetylcholine antagonist,

Question 41

Which of the following are antianxiety agents?

A) alcohol
B) benzodiazepines
C) barbiturates
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 42

Schizophrenia is treated with:

A) phenothiazines.
B) monoamine oxidase.
C) lithium.
D) benzodiazepines.

Question 43

GABA:

A) increases the firing of cells.
B) decreases the firing of cells.
C) is very slowly reabsorbed.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 44

Lithium and carbamazepine are typically prescribed as:

A) antianxiety drugs.
B) antipsychotic drugs
C) mood stabilizers.
D) antidepressant drugs.

Question 45

_____ is a disorder characterized by unusually wide spacing between the eyes,low intelligence,hyperactivity,social problems,and small brain size.

A) ADHD
B) Schizophrenia
C) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
D) Williams syndrome

Question 46

If I had an anxiety disorder I would probably take:

A) Haldol.
B) Valium.
C) Prozac.
D) Imipramine.

Question 47

Haloperidol and chlorpromazine are examples of:

A) antianxiety drugs.
B) antipsychotic drugs.
C) mood stabilizers.
D) antidepressant drugs.

Question 48

First-generation antipsychotics influence _____ receptors,whereas second-generation antipsychotics influence _____ receptors.

A) D₂;D₂ and serotonin
B) D₃;D₂ and serotonin
C) serotonin;D₂
D) serotonin;D₃

Question 49

Oxycodone,fentanyl,and methadone are examples of:

A) hallucinogenic drugs.
B) opioids.
C) antianxiety medications.
D) antidepressants.

Question 50

MAO inhibitors and tricyclics are examples of:

A) antianxiety drugs.
B) antipsychotic drugs.
C) mood stabilizers.
D) antidepressant drugs.

Question 51

Over the course of a lifetime approximately _____ of people will have a depressive episode that lasts for several months.

A) 10 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 25 percent

Question 52

Sensitization usually occurs:

A) as a result of cellular tolerance.
B) as a result of metabolic tolerance.
C) in a new environment.
D) in a familiar environment.

Question 53

Which of the following drugs is NOT considered to be an opioid analgesic?

A) heroin
B) codeine
C) morphine
D) mescaline

Question 54

_____ results when tolerance for one drug is carried over to a different member of the same drug group.

A) Addiction
B) Sensitization
C) Cross-tolerance
D) Cellular tolerance

Question 55

The _____ hypothesis of schizophrenia suggests that patients have _____.

A) norepinephrine;too much serotonin
B) serotonin;not enough serotonin
C) dopamine;not enough dopamine
D) dopamine;too much dopamine

Question 56

SSRIs are often prescribed to treat:

A) depression.
B) schizophrenia.
C) bipolar disorder.
D) Tourette syndrome.

Question 57

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)is worse if a mother drinks during the _____ trimester(s).

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) second and third

Question 58

_____ is an example of a psychedelic or hallucinogenic drug.

A) Phencyclidine (PCP)
B) Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
C) MDMA (Ecstasy)
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 59

The incidence of schizophrenia is:

A) one in 100.
B) one in 1000.
C) one in 10,000.
D) one in 100,000.

Question 60

Sensitization has been linked with:

A) changes in receptor number on the postsynaptic membrane.
B) changes in transmitter metabolism in the synapse.
C) changes in transmitter reuptake on the presynaptic side.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 61

_____ was used by soldiers in World War II as a means of staying awake and alert and to help increase confidence.

A) Morphine
B) Cocaine
C) Heroin
D) Amphetamine

Question 62

_____ was once added to many drinks to help give them an energizing effect.

A) Amphetamine
B) Cocaine
C) Opium
D) Morphine

Question 63

The term "Soldier's Disease" was used to describe _____ addiction following the American Civil War.

A) cocaine
B) morphine
C) heroin
D) opium

Question 64

Selective serotonin reuptake blockers are used in the treatment of:

A) depression.
B) bipolar disorders.
C) schizophrenia.
D) anxiety.

Question 65

Enkephalins and dynorphins are examples of:

A) opioid analgesics.
B) amphetamines.
C) endorphins.
D) antipsychotics.

Question 66

An example of a serotonin psychedelic would be:

A) mescaline.
B) marijuana.
C) heroin.
D) LSD.

Question 67

Anticonvulsant drugs that are used to treat epilepsy are also effective in treating:

A) schizophrenia.
B) depression.
C) anxiety.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 68

Depression is treated with:

A) butyrophenone.
B) lithium.
C) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
D) benzodiazepines.

Question 69

The effects of cocaine can be mimicked by:

A) endorphins.
B) heroin.
C) amphetamines.
D) morphine.

Question 70

MAO inhibitors increase levels of serotonin by:

A) inhibiting the breakdown of serotonin.
B) increasing the release of serotonin.
C) increasing the sensitivity of serotonin receptors.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 71

Endorphins,enkephalins,and dynorphins are examples of:

A) amphetamines.
B) hallucinogens.
C) opioid peptides.
D) endocannabinoids.

Question 72

The disinhibition theory attempts to explain the effects of:

A) morphine.
B) heroin.
C) amphetamine.
D) alcohol.

Question 73

_____ deficiency has been linked with higher rates of depression.

A) Vitamin E
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin B
D) Vitamin A

Question 74

Your friend has recently been diagnosed with major depression.She has been prescribed several SSRIs over the last few months,but none seem to be working well.Your advice to her is to ask her doctor about using:

A) clozapine.
B) ketamine.
C) L-dopa.
D) barbiturates.

Question 75

Chad is normally quiet and reserved and enjoys having a few drinks while catching up with his friends on Fridays.However,this week when they went to a new bar Chad was convinced that a person at another table was giving him "dirty looks." Chad confronted the person and started a fight which resulted in him being arrested for the first time in his life.This type of behavior could be explained by:

A) disinhibition theory.
B) learning.
C) behavioral myopia.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 76

If I had a bipolar disorder,I would probably take:

A) lithium.
B) Prozac.
C) Librium.
D) Haldol.

Question 77

SSRIs treat depression by:

A) blocking the reuptake of serotonin.
B) increasing the release of serotonin.
C) stopping the breakdown of serotonin.
D) increasing the synthesis of serotonin.

Question 78

_____ is an example of an opioid analgesic.

A) Codeine
B) Morphine
C) Heroin
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 79

Which of the following drugs is used to treat depression?

A) serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors
B) monoamine oxidase inhibitors
C) tricyclics
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 80

_____ has been shown to be effective in treating nausea,lack of appetite,glaucoma,and chronic pain.

A) Marijuana
B) Cocaine
C) Methamphetamine
D) Heroin