Deck 5: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What is the basic living unit of all organisms?

A) Molecule
B) Cell
C) Organ
D) Tissue

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

Answer 2

not answered

Question 3

Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

Answer 3

not answered

Question 4

Which of the following systems allows the body parts to communicate with each other and to communicate with the outside environment?

A) Integumentary
B) Nervous
C) Endocrine
D) Respiratory

Question 5

Identify body systems

Question 6

Define both medical terms and abbreviations related to all body systems

Question 7

List major organs in each body system

Question 8

Describe structural organization of the human of the human body

Question 9

Which of the following conditions is NOT present with homeostasis?

A) The body is in a normal stable condition.
B) The internal environment of the body remains the same.
C) Illness is present.
D) Laboratory test values fall within normal range.

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of the integumentary system?

A) Protects underlying tissue from injury
B) Protects against water loss
C) Contains sense receptors
D) Helps in temperature regulation
E) All of the above

Question 11

Describe the normal function of each body system

Question 12

Diagram medical terms, labeling the word parts

Question 13

Which of the following systems brings oxygen into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide from the lungs?

A) Respiratory
B) Cardiovascular
C) Digestive
D) Muscular

Question 14

The study of the shape and structure of the human body is known as

A) Gross anatomy
B) Human anatomy
C) Microscopic anatomy
D) Human physiology

Question 15

Anatomy and Physiology

Question 16

Medical Terminology

Question 17

The term for several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions is

A) Tissue
B) Body system
C) Cavity
D) Total organism

Question 18

Which of the following body systems produces movement and maintains posture?

A) Nervous
B) Circulatory
C) Muscular
D) Digestive

Question 19

What is the term for a group of cells with a similar structure and function?

A) Tissue
B) Organ
C) Body system
D) Total organism

Question 20

Which of the following is not an examples of an organ?

A) Stomach
B) Heart
C) Liver
D) Muscle

Question 21

Which of the following contains enzymes that function to destroy cellular debris and foreign particles?

A) Mucus
B) Lysosomes
C) Phagocytes
D) Vesicles

Question 22

Which of the following is a proper use of directional body terminology?

A) The lungs are posterior to the vertebral column
B) The foot is proximal to the knee
C) The foot is distal to the knee
D) The skull is inferior to the ribs
E) All of the above

Question 23

Which of the following allows sperm to have a swimming motion?

A) Cristae
B) Cilia
C) Mucus
D) Flagella
E) All of the above

Question 24

What is the name of the control center that directs the activities of the cell?

A) Nucleolus
B) Nucleus
C) Chromosomes
D) RNA

Question 25

Which of the following provides a pathway to transport materials from one part of the cell to another?

A) Nucleolus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Plasma membrane

Question 26

The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration is known as

A) Active transport
B) Osmosis
C) Diffusion
D) Negative feedback

Question 27

Which of the following structures functions in protein synthesis?

A) Ribosomes
B) Chromosomes
C) RNA
D) Cristae

Question 28

Which of the following structures converts energy from nutrients into ATP that then provides energy for use by the body cells?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) ATP
C) Ribosomes
D) Mitochondria

Question 29

Which of the following structures is located in the pelvic cavity?

A) Internal reproductive organs
B) Intestines
C) Rectum
D) Urinary bladder
E) All of the above

Question 30

Which of the following structures is anterior to the heart?

A) Vertebral column
B) Ribs
C) Stomach
D) Urinary bladder

Question 31

Which of the following divides the body into right and left portions?

A) Frontal plane
B) Sagittal plane
C) Vertical plane
D) Transverse plane

Question 32

Which of the following determines what can enter or leave a cell?

A) Plasma membrane
B) Nuclear membrane
C) Chromosomes
D) Nucleolus

Question 33

What is the term used to describe a part that is located on or near the surface of the body?

A) Topical
B) Superficial
C) Deep
D) Anterior

Question 34

Visceral refers to which of the following?

A) The wall of a body cavity
B) Glands
C) Nervous tissue
D) Internal organs

Question 35

What is the directional term used to describe a part that is above another part?

A) Superior
B) Inferior
C) Anterior
D) Lateral

Question 36

The cranial cavity and spinal cavity make up the

A) Abdominal cavity
B) Thoracic cavity
C) Ventral cavity
D) Dorsal cavity

Question 37

What is the name given to the hairlike processes that function in moving substances across the surface of a cell?

A) Cilia
B) Cytoskeleton
C) Microvilli
D) Mucus

Question 38

Which of the following structures is NOT located in the thoracic cavity?

A) Heart
B) Esophagus
C) Stomach
D) Trachea

Question 39

The head, neck, and trunk make up the

A) Torso
B) Appendicular region
C) Axial region
D) Pelvic cavity

Question 40

What is the name of the gel-like fluid inside of a cell?

A) Organelles
B) Extracellular fluid
C) Cytoplasm
D) Mucus

Question 41

Which of the following structures increase the surface area available for the absorption of nutrients into the body?

A) Cilia
B) Microvilli
C) Flagella
D) Spindle fibers
E) All of the above

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT an exocrine gland?

A) Sebaceous gland
B) Pituitary gland
C) Mammary gland
D) Salivary gland

Question 43

Which of the following is an example of exocytosis?

A) Secretion of digestive enzymes
B) Production of sperm
C) Production of blood cells
D) Excretion of urine

Question 44

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a human cell?

A) 2
B) 8
C) 23
D) 46

Question 45

Which of the following cells secrete mucus?

A) Goblet cells
B) Phagocytes
C) Fibroblasts
D) Mast cells

Question 46

In which of the following body areas is simple cuboidal epithelium NOT located?

A) Ovary
B) Kidney tubules
C) Salivary glands
D) Alveoli

Question 47

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?

A) Protection
B) Secretion
C) Absorption
D) Diffusion
E) All of the above

Question 48

Which of the following is not among the functions of connective tissue?

A) Binds structures together
B) Supports organs
C) Transmits nerve impulses
D) Helps repair tissue damage

Question 49

What type of gland secretes its product onto a free surface through a duct?

A) Endocrine gland
B) Exocrine gland
C) Avascular gland
D) Follicular gland

Question 50

The process by which secretory products are packaged into vesicles and then released from the cells is known as

A) Cytokinesis
B) Exocytosis
C) Endocytosis
D) Phagocytosis

Question 51

What type of epithelial tissue often contains cilia and goblet cells and lines portions of the respiratory tract?

A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified squamous
C) Glandular
D) Pseudostratified columnar

Question 52

Which of the following is made up of simple squamous epithelial tissue?

A) Capillary walls
B) Glands
C) Skin
D) Stomach
E) All of the above

Question 53

Amino acids and glucose are transported from the small intestine and into the blood through

A) Active transport
B) Osmosis
C) Simple diffusion
D) Filtration

Question 54

What is the term for the nonliving material that fills the space between cells?

A) Plasma
B) Intercellular matrix
C) Extracellular matrix
D) Membranes

Question 55

Which of the following occurs during phagocytosis?

A) A cell membrane engulfs a particle
B) A vesicle containing the particle is formed in the cytoplasm
C) Lysosomes digest the particle
D) All of the above

Question 56

What happens when a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

A) It hemolyzes.
B) It shrinks.
C) It is unchanged.
D) It enlarges.

Question 57

What type of epithelial tissue consists of many layers of cells and forms the outer layer of the skin?

A) Simple columnar
B) Transitional
C) Stratified squamous
D) Simple squamous

Question 58

Which of the following is a characteristic of collagenous fibers?

A) Composed of protein
B) Strong and flexible
C) Can withstand pulling forces
D) Found in tendons and ligaments
E) All of the above

Question 59

The type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is halved in order to produce an egg and sperm is known as

A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis
C) Cytokinesis
D) Spermatogenesis

Question 60

The microscopic study of tissues is known as

A) Microbiology
B) Cytology
C) Embryology
D) Histology

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a function of adipose tissue?

A) Forms a protective cushion around the kidneys
B) Protects the body from invasion by pathogens
C) Insulates the body
D) Provides a storage material for energy

Question 62

Which of the following is a large phagocytic cell that cleans up cellular debris and foreign particles?

A) Macrophage
B) Fibroblast
C) Mast cell
D) Red blood cell

Question 63

Which of the following is a characteristic of skeletal muscle tissue?

A) It is striated.
B) It is under voluntary control.
C) It is multinucleated.
D) It is responsible for body movement.
E) All of the above.

Question 64

Which of the following allows the knee to move freely by providing lubrication and reducing friction?

A) Synovial membrane
B) Serous fluid
C) Synovial fluid
D) Mucus

Question 65

What is name of the connective tissue covering of the brain and spinal cord?

A) Mesothelium
B) Cranium
C) Periosteum
D) Meninges

Question 66

What is the function of serous fluid?

A) Reduces friction and provides lubrication
B) Traps foreign particles
C) Synthesizes cartilage
D) Destroys bacteria
E) All of the above

Question 67

What type of membrane lines a body cavity that opens to the outside?

A) Serous membrane
B) Cutaneous membrane
C) Synovial membrane
D) Mucous membrane

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

A) Forms the framework of the body
B) Protects underlying tissues
C) Production of antibodies
D) Serves as an attachment for muscles

Question 69

What makes up the fetal skeleton until bone is laid down?

A) Elastic cartilage
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Epithelial tissue

Question 70

Which of the following is made up of elastic connective tissue?

A) Small intestine
B) Tongue
C) Pancreas
D) Vocal cords

Question 71

What type of muscle tissue is found in the stomach and intestines, and is under involuntary control?

A) Smooth muscle
B) Striated muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
D) Skeletal muscle

Question 72

Which of the following is NOT lined with a mucous membrane?

A) Digestive tract
B) Heart
C) Urinary tract
D) Reproductive tract