Deck 2: Characteristics and Measurement of Radiation

Question 1

When x-rays pass through matter, which interaction results in x-rays being scattered in all directions?

A) The coherent effect
B) The photoelectric effect
C) The Compton effect

Answer 1

The Compton effect

Question 2

The speed of a wave is its

A) Wavelength
B) Velocity
C) Frequency
D) Photon

Answer 2

Velocity

Question 3

The Système International unit for measuring absorbed dose is the

A) Gray
B) Sievert
C) Rad
D) Rem

Answer 3

Gray

Question 4

The amount of energy deposited in the teeth or soft tissue by any type of radiation is called the:

A) exposure amount.
B) absorbed dose.
C) dose equivalent.
D) background radiation.

Question 5

The units used to measure the dose equivalent of radiation is the:

A) Gray (Gy).
B) Sieverts (Sv).
C) Coulombs per kilogram (C/kg).
D) Roentgens (R).

Question 6

A weighting (qualifying) factor is used to determine which of the following?

A) coulombs per kilogram
B) sievert
C) roentgen
D) gray

Question 7

Each of the following is a form of ionizing radiation EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Cosmic rays
B) X-rays
C) Radio waves
D) Gamma rays

Question 8

What is the maximum number of electron shells (energy levels) an atom can have?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7

Question 9

The emission and movement of electromagnetic or particulate energy through space is known as:

A) ionization.
B) radiation.
C) radioactivity.
D) the formation of ion pairs.

Question 10

The majority of x-rays produced by dental x-ray machines are formed by:

A) Characteristic radiation
B) Radionuclide decay
C) Bremsstrahlung radiation
D) Coherent scattering

Question 11

Each of the following statements about electromagnetic radiations is true EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) They have a negative electrical charge.
B) They have no mass.
C) They pass through space as particles and in a wave-like motion.
D) They have no weight.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about x-rays is NOT true?

A) They travel at the speed of light.
B) They are invisible.
C) They have no mass.
D) They travel in convergent lines.

Question 13

Matter is defined as the ability to do work and overcome resistance.

Question 14

The sievert and rem are units of measurement for:

A) the radiation exposure in the air.
B) the amount of energy absorbed by tissues.
C) the comparison of biological effects.
D) All of the above.

Question 15

The smallest particle of a substance that still retains the properties of that substance is a/an:

A) atom.
B) electron.
C) neutron.
D) molecule.

Question 16

Each of the following is a form of energy EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Heat
B) Water
C) Light
D) X-radiation

Question 17

Which one of these is NOT a Système International (SI) unit of measurement?

A) Sievert
B) Roentgen
C) Coulombs per kilogram
D) Gray

Question 18

The measure of the number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time is known as the:

A) angstrom unit.
B) wavelength.
C) frequency.
D) velocity.

Question 19

The greatest exposure to ionizing radiation to the population comes from

A) Medical x-rays
B) Occupational exposure
C) Dental x-rays
D) Background radiation

Question 20

The wavelength determines the energy and penetrating power of the radiation. The longer the wavelength, the higher the energy of the radiation.

A) The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 21

The Compton effect causes x-rays to be scattered in all directions.

Question 22

X-rays of high energy and extremely short wavelengths are classified as hard radiation.

Question 23

An atom is the smallest part of an element that still retains properties of that element.

Question 24

The total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the atomic number.

Question 25

X-rays make the materials they pass through radioactive.

Question 26

Dental x-rays do not involve the use of radioactivity.

Question 27

Energy that travels in a different direction than that of the original x-ray is collectively called "secondary radiation."

Question 28

The electromagnetic spectrum arranges energy types by decay rates.

Question 29

Electromagnetic radiation is propelled through space as both a particle and a wave.

Question 30

The majority of x-rays produced by dental x-ray machines are formed by general (bremsstrahlung) radiation.

Question 31

What is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass?

Question 32

X-rays travel at the speed of sound.

Question 33

Electrons have a positive charge.

Question 34

Wavelength and frequency are directly related.

Question 35

The photoelectric effect is an all-or-nothing energy loss.

Question 36

The inner-most electron shell in an atom is the K shell.

Question 37

The number of electrons in the nucleus of an element determines its atomic number.

Question 38

Background radiation includes cosmic rays from outer space, naturally occurring radiation from the earth, and radiation from radioactive materials.

Question 39

Ionizing radiation is energy that is capable of producing ions.

Question 40

Kinetic energy is the internal energy within the atom that holds its components together.

Question 41

People living on the Colorado plateau receive a higher dose of what type of radiation than people living in Philadelphia?

Question 42

When radiation has great penetrating power it is called what?

Question 43

Should you wait 30 seconds after making an exposure before entering the room?

Question 44

What is the term for atoms that have gained or lost electrons and electrical neutrality?

Question 45

What is the speed of a wave called?

Question 46

What is the name of the process in which unstable elements undergo spontaneous decay in order to become stable?

Question 47

What are the positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom called?

Question 48

What is the term for bundles of energy that travel through space at the speed of light?