Deck 8: Digital Radiography and Image Acquisition

Question 1

The optimum developing temperature for manual time-temperature film processing is:

A) 58 degrees F.
B) 68 degrees F.
C) 78 degrees F.
D) 88 degrees F.

Answer 1

68 degrees F.

Question 2

Which of these is NOT part of the developer solution?

A) Reducing agent
B) Clearing agent
C) Activator
D) Restrainer

Answer 2

Clearing agent

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding automatic processing is correct?

A) No water is required.
B) Processing is accomplished under normal white-light conditions.
C) The chemistry in automatic processors is heated to 68 degrees F.
D) Unwrapped film is fed into the film feed slot on the outside of the processor.

Answer 3

Unwrapped film is fed into the film feed slot on the outside of the processor.

Question 4

Which ingredient slows down the oxidation rate of the developing solution?

A) Sodium sulfite
B) Sodium carbonate
C) Potassium bromide
D) Hydroquinone

Question 5

The purpose of the washing step in film processing is to:

A) shrink and harden the emulsion.
B) remove any residual chemistry remaining on the emulsion.
C) neutralize alkaline and/or acidic chemistry.
D) reduce the exposed silver halide to metallic silver.

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding rapid processing of dental radiographs is FALSE?

A) It can be accomplished in 30 seconds with special, fast-acting chemicals.
B) It provides archival, permanent quality radiographs.
C) Four cups are set up inside the box containing developer, rinse water, fixer, and wash water.
D) A light-tight countertop box contains two openings that allow light-tight access of the radiographer's hands.

Question 7

Potassium alum in the fixer serves to:

A) neutralize the alkali of the developer.
B) act as a preservative.
C) clear remaining crystals.
D) shrink and harden the emulsion.

Question 8

During manual time-temperature film processing, after fixing, the films are to be placed in the water wash for:

A) 5 minutes.
B) 10 minutes.
C) 20 minutes.
D) time is dependent upon water temperature.

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding automatic processors is FALSE?

A) Depending on the workload, cleaning must be done approximately every 6 months.
B) The roller assembly should be cleaned in warm running water with special cleansers.
C) Chemistry should be replenished or changed as necessary.
D) Roller transports squeeze excess solution from film surfaces.

Question 10

Each of the following statements is true regarding the darkroom EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) It should be located near where radiographs will be exposed.
B) It should be well ventilated.
C) It should have adequate space to store unexposed film.
D) It should be equipped with safelighting.

Question 11

Which of these is NOT a component of fixer?

A) Sodium thiosulfate
B) Preservative
C) Activator
D) Acidifier

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding manual film processing is FALSE?

A) A visual inspection of the image will determine the length of time the film stays in the developer.
B) A film holder clip is used to transport films to and from each of the processing solutions.
C) The optimum temperature for manual processing is 68 degrees F.
D) Cleansing powders should not be used to clean processing tank inserts.

Question 13

The advantage of manual processing over automatic processing is that there is:

A) less hazardous waste production.
B) more time required to produce finished radiographs.
C) less malfunction of processing equipment.
D) less water used.

Question 14

What wattage is ideal for safelighting a darkroom for all film types?

A) 15
B) 25
C) 40
D) 60

Question 15

The purpose of the developing step is to:

A) remove unexposed silver halide crystals from the film emulsion.
B) neutralize the alkalinity prior to the film progressing to the fixer.
C) reduce exposed silver halide crystals to black metallic silver.
D) prevent the rapid buildup of image contrast.

Question 16

The time required for development of radiographic film is determined by the:

A) temperature of the darkroom.
B) temperature of the water.
C) temperature of the developer.
D) temperature of the fixer.

Question 17

Each of the following statements regarding automatic film processing is correct EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) It requires diligent care for optimal performance.
B) Chemical solutions are heated to match the temperature used in manual processing.
C) If processor rollers are not kept clean, films can emerge streaked.
D) It uses a roller transport system to move the film through the processing cycle.

Question 18

At a minimum, how often should manual processing solutions be changed?

A) Every week
B) Every 2 weeks
C) Every 3 weeks
D) Every month

Question 19

Each of the following statements regarding darkroom safelighting is true EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Walls should be painted black.
B) You should allow longer wavelength red-orange light to pass through the safelight filter.
C) Shorter wavelength blue-green light is removed by the safelight filter.
D) Four feet is the minimum distance between the safelight and the countertop.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding developer chemistry is FALSE?

A) Sodium sulfite slows down the oxidation rate.
B) Sodium carbonate provides the alkaline medium.
C) Potassium bromide restrains development of unexposed silver halide crystals.
D) Potassium alum swells the gelatin.

Question 21

The ideal time-temperature for manual processing archival radiographs is 85 degrees F.

Question 22

A disadvantage of automatic processing is the time it takes to produce a finished radiograph.

Question 23

In addition to a safelight, the darkroom should be equipped with a white overhead light.

Question 24

Developer and fixer chemicals may be obtained in three forms: powder, liquid concentrate, or ready-to-use solutions.

Question 25

A darkroom is not necessary if the automatic processor is equipped with a daylight loader.

Question 26

A thermometer is mandatory for archival manual processing.

Question 27

The darkroom door should be locked when processing film.

Question 28

The life of processing solutions can be extended by replenishment.

Question 29

Developer solution needs replenishment more often than fixer.

Question 30

The developing agent will only have an effect on the exposed silver halide crystals at recommended time-temperature.

Question 31

It is safe to read a radiograph under white-light conditions after only 2 or 3 minutes of developing.

Question 32

The developer reducing agent that builds up gray tones in the image is hydroquinone.

Question 33

The preservative sodium sulfite is found in both the developer and fixer solutions.

Question 34

The dark portion of the radiograph is called "radiolucent."

Question 35

The fixer is responsible for creating the film's radiolucent appearance, and the developer is responsible for creating the film's radiopaque appearance.

Question 36

Developer contains hydroquinone and elon.

Question 37

Reduction is the union of developer and oxygen.

Question 38

Replenisher is a superconcentrated solution of developer or fixer.

Question 39

Oxidation is the process during which the chemicals of the developing and fixing solutions combine with oxygen and lose their strength.

Question 40

Processing chemistry can be used indefinitely.

Question 41

A wet reading can safely take place after which step of processing?

Question 42

With what should powdered and liquid concentrate forms of processing solutions be mixed?

Question 43

What is a safelight?

Question 44

How does the temperature of the chemistry used in automatic processors compare to the temperature of the chemistry used for manual processing?

Question 45

What is the purpose of rinsing the film after it has been in the developer during manual processing?

Question 46

What is the name of the component of developer that prevents development of unexposed silver halide crystals?

Question 47

How frequently should processing solutions be changed?

Question 48

What is replenisher?

Question 49

Which processing solution prevents further film development?

Question 50

Of what material are manual processing tanks fabricated?