Deck 14: The Periapical Examinationbisecting Technique

Question 1

Anterior periapical radiographs should be positioned in the oral cavity with the long dimension ___________, and posterior periapical radiographs should be positioned in the oral cavity with the long dimension __________.

A) vertical, horizontal
B) horizontal, vertical
C) horizontal, horizontal
D) vertical, vertical

Answer 1

horizontal, horizontal

Question 2

Comparing the paralleling technique with the bisecting technique, which of the following statements is correct?

A) The paralleling technique is easy to achieve on all patients.
B) Proficiency should be achieved in both techniques.
C) The bisecting technique is more likely to be uncomfortable for the patient.
D) Once the full mouth series procedure is started, the radiographer must continue with the bisecting or the paralleling technique and not mix the two.

Answer 2

The bisecting technique is more likely to be uncomfortable for the patient.

Question 3

The paralleling technique must achieve parallelism by placing the image receptor:

A) away from the crowns of the teeth.
B) away from the root tips of the teeth.
C) closer to the crowns of the teeth.
D) closer to the root tips of the teeth.

Answer 3

away from the root tips of the teeth.

Question 4

Which of the following is a basic principle of the paralleling technique?

A) The image receptor is placed perpendicular to the long axes of the teeth.
B) The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed parallel to both the teeth and the recording plane of the image receptor.
C) The image receptor is placed parallel to the long axes of the teeth.
D) The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to an imaginary bisector.

Question 5

Each of the following statements regarding the principles of the paralleling technique is correct EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Parallel placement of the image receptor is accomplished using an image receptor holder.
B) The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to both the teeth and the image receptor.
C) The patient is directed to hold the image receptor in the mouth with a finger or thumb.
D) The image receptor is placed parallel to the long axes of the teeth of interest.

Question 6

Centering the image receptor to line up behind the central and lateral incisors to include recording the mesial halves of the canines if using a size #2 image receptor describes the placement of the image receptor for which periapical radiograph?

A) Central incisor
B) Canine
C) Premolar
D) Molar

Question 7

What is the ideal design of a paralleling image receptor holder?

A) A short bite block and an L-shaped backing
B) A long bite block and an L-shaped backing
C) A short bite block and a 105-degree backing
D) A long bite block and a 105-degree backing

Question 8

Which of these statements is FALSE?

A) The paralleling technique does not meet all five shadow-casting principles in all regions of the oral cavity on all patients.
B) With the paralleling technique, it is not possible to direct the central rays of the x-ray beam to both the tooth and the image receptor simultaneously.
C) The paralleling technique is the technique of choice for obtaining periapical radiographs.
D) With the paralleling technique, the object and image receptor are positioned parallel to each other.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of the paralleling technique?

A) The best images are obtained with the more difficult to position long 16-inch PID.
B) Image receptor positioning is difficult for patients with small mouths.
C) There is a limited number of image receptor holders that accommodate the paralleling technique.
D) It is more likely to excite an exaggerated gag reflex to achieve parallel position in the posterior region.

Question 10

What is the ideal target-image receptor distance used with the paralleling technique?

A) 8 inches (20.5 cm)
B) 12 inches (30 cm)
C) 16 inches (41 cm)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the paralleling technique?

A) It is ideal for positioning radiographs for children.
B) It minimizes superimposition of adjacent structures.
C) It produces images with minimal dimensional distortion.
D) With appropriate image receptor-holding devices, it takes less time than trying to locate the position of an imaginary bisector.

Question 12

Which image receptor placement is most likely to be more comfortable and allow the patient to become accustomed to the procedure?

A) Maxillary anteriors
B) Maxillary posteriors
C) Mandibular posteriors
D) Posterior bitewings

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) A sterile cotton roll may be placed on the opposite side of the bite block for stabilization of the image receptor holder.
B) The external indicator ring attachment must be as close to the patient's skin as possible without touching.
C) The patient must bite down on the bite block firmly enough to hold the image receptor in place.
D) The bite block back plate must be at a 105-degree angle for use with the paralleling technique

Question 14

The patient must bite down on the bite block as far away from the teeth as possible, using the full extent of the bite block to maintain a parallel relationship between the image receptor and the teeth in all regions of the oral cavity EXCEPT the:

A) maxillary incisors and canines.
B) mandibular incisors and canines.
C) maxillary premolars and the maxillary molars.
D) mandibular premolars and the mandibular molars.

Question 15

Excessive vertical angulation when using the paralleling technique results in:

A) cutting off incisal/occlusal edges.
B) cutting off the apices.
C) foreshortened images of the teeth.
D) elongated images of the teeth.

Question 16

To compensate for the increased object-image receptor distance needed to achieve parallelism:

A) the target-image receptor distance should be decreased.
B) the target-image receptor distance should also be increased.
C) the object-image receptor distance should also be increased.
D) the object-image receptor distance should be decreased.

Question 17

Which teeth should be imaged on an adult molar periapical radiograph?

A) Distal half of canine, first premolar, second premolar, and first molar
B) Distal half of first premolar, second premolar, first molar, and second molar
C) Distal half of second premolar, first molar, second molar, and third molar
D) Distal half of first molar, second molar, and third molar

Question 18

Which of these image receptor holders is NOT designed for use with the paralleling technique?

A) XCP
B) XCP-DS
C) Snap-A-Ray
D) RAPD

Question 19

The principles of the paralleling technique include each of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The image receptor is placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth of interest.
B) The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to the tooth and to the image receptor.
C) The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed at a plane halfway between the long axis of the tooth and the long axis of the image receptor.
D) Parallel placement of the image receptor is accomplished using an image receptor holder.

Question 20

When using the paralleling technique, the patient must bite down on the image receptor holder bite block as far away from the teeth as possible with the exception of which area?

A) Maxillary anteriors
B) Mandibular canines
C) Maxillary premolars
D) Mandibular molars

Question 21

A patient may bite down on a sterilized cotton roll that is placed on the same side of the bite block as the teeth to provide stablization and add to patient comfort.

Question 22

The Dentsply Rinn XCP image receptor holder is designed for use with the paralleling technique.

Question 23

The Dentsply Rinn Stabe and the Flow Dental SUPA image receptor holders designed for the paralleling technique do not have an external aiming device.

Question 24

An image receptor holder with an external aiming device is more comfortable for the patient.

Question 25

Image receptor holders designed for use with the paralleling technique usually have a short bite block.

Question 26

Because of the supporting structures on the maxillary arch, to accomplish a parallel relationship between the image receptor and the long axes of teeth, the image receptor must be placed closer to the teeth.

Question 27

If using an image receptor holder with an external aiming device, the indicator ring attachment must be slid all the way down the metal arm of the device to be as close to the patient's skin as possible without touching the patient prior to the exposure.

Question 28

When using the paralleling technique, insufficient vertical angulation will result in loss of the image of the crowns.

Question 29

In the paralleling technique, the distance between the tooth and the image receptor is usually closer than ideal.

Question 30

If an image receptor holder has an external aiming device, then the patient must be seated upright with the head straight.

Question 31

The use of the paralleling technique is ideal with adult patients with a small mouth or shallow palatal vault.

Question 32

The paralleling technique is preferred over the bisecting technique.

Question 33

When using an image receptor holder with an external aiming device, the patient's head does not need to be precisely positioned.

Question 34

With the paralleling technique, the central ray is directed perpendicular to the long axes of the teeth and the plane of the image receptor.

Question 35

The paralleling technique does not meet the shadow-casting principle that requires placement of the image receptor close to the teeth of interest.

Question 36

An advantage of the paralleling technique is that it produces accurate radiographic images with a minimal amount of superimposition of adjacent structures.

Question 37

Image receptors with an external aiming device eliminate radiographic technique errors.

Question 38

An image receptor holder with an external aiming device can make radiographic errors less likely.

Question 39

Correct horizontal angulation is determined by positioning the image receptor parallel to the embrasure of two predetermined teeth.

Question 40

To compensate for the increased object-image receptor distance needed to achieve parallelism, the target-surface receptor distance should be increased.

Question 41

What are two image receptor holders that with slight modifications can be used for either the paralleling or the bisecting technique?

Question 42

What is the most likely reason that overlapping occurs even if the image receptor is correctly positioned parallel to the teeth of interest and the central ray is accurately directed through the appropriate embrasure?

Question 43

Name an image receptor holder designed for the paralleling technique that does not have an external aiming device.

Question 44

How is correct horizontal angulation achieved when using the paralleling technique?

Question 45

What is the preferred target-surface distance when using the paralleling technique?

Question 46

How is correct vertical angulation achieved when using the paralleling technique?

Question 47

What are three image receptor holders designed for use with the paralleling technique?

Question 48

With the paralleling technique, where is the central ray directed?

Question 49

Incorrectly aligning the point of entry will result in what type of error?

Question 50

How is the correct point of entry achieved when using the paralleling technique?