Deck 30: Radiographic Techniques

Question 1

Which of the following is the correct reason that a cape-style lead barrier without a thyroid collar be used when exposing panoramic radiographs?

A) Due to the position of the PID, the thyroid collar would block the x-rays.
B) It would be difficult for a standing patient to maintain an apron-style barrier.
C) This type of lead barrier is less expensive and offsets the cost of the panoramic machine.
D) Cape-style barriers represent state-of-the-art new technology.

Answer 1

Due to the position of the PID, the thyroid collar would block the x-rays.

Question 2

Which of the following would correct an exaggerated smile appearance of a panoramic radiograph?

A) Instruct the patient to straighten his or her posture.
B) Instruct the patient to close his or her lips around the bite block.
C) Reposition the midsaggital plane perpendicular to the floor.
D) Reposition the ala-tragus line at 5 degrees positive.

Answer 2

Reposition the ala-tragus line at 5 degrees positive.

Question 3

Positioning the arches too far forward in the focal trough, toward the tube head, will result in:

A) the anterior teeth appearing blurred and diminished in width.
B) the anterior teeth appearing blurred and magnified.
C) an image that appears as an exaggerated smile.
D) wide radiopacities superimposed over the anterior teeth.

Answer 3

the anterior teeth appearing blurred and diminished in width.

Question 4

Each of the following may be used to position the patient within the focal trough EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Chin rest
B) Forehead rest
C) Film holder
D) Bite block

Question 5

If a resultant panoramic image shows a reversed smile (frown), the likely cause is that:

A) the patient's chin was too low.
B) the patient's chin was too high.
C) the patient was slumped over.
D) the patient's head was tilted.

Question 6

Which of the following facial landmark planes must be positioned slightly (5˚) down toward the floor when positioning the arches within the focal trough?

A) Frankfort
B) Ala-tragus
C) Midsagittal
D) Occlusal

Question 7

Each of the following statements regarding fundamentals of panoramic radiography is correct EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The rotational center is the axis on which the tube head and the cassette rotate.
B) The x-ray source and the film remain stationary.
C) They are based on the principles of tomography.
D) The x-rays emerge from a narrow, vertical slit in the tube head.

Question 8

Which of these statements regarding the focal trough is FALSE?

A) Its shape varies from one manufacturer to another.
B) It is where structures will be imaged the sharpest.
C) It is two-dimensional.
D) It is used to determine where to position the dental arches.

Question 9

What is the corrective action for a panoramic image that can mimic caries of the anterior teeth?

A) Have the patient raise his or her tongue to the palate during exposure.
B) Readjust the patient's head in an upward direction.
C) Have the patient close his or her lips on the bite block.
D) Readjust the patient's head in a downward direction.

Question 10

Which of the following describes the collimator of the panoramic x-ray beam?

A) It is circular (round).
B) It is concentric (cone-shaped).
C) It is rectangular
D) It is a narrow slit

Question 11

Positioning the arches too far back in the focal trough, toward the tube head, will result in:

A) the anterior teeth appearing blurred and diminished in width.
B) the anterior teeth appearing blurred and magnified.
C) an image that appears as an exaggerated smile.
D) wide radiopacities superimposed over the anterior teeth.

Question 12

Each of the following will appear radiolucent on a panoramic radiograph EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The orbit
B) The maxillary tuberosity
C) The zygoma
D) The lingula

Question 13

Each of the following will appear radiopaque on a panoramic radiograph EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The lateral pterygoid plate
B) The zygomatic process
C) The genial tubercles
D) The infraorbital foramen

Question 14

Each of the following is a patient positioning consideration for producing a quality panoramic radiograph EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The patient must be in a standing position.
B) The arches must be positioned within the focal trough.
C) The midsagittal plane must be perpendicular to the floor.
D) The patient's lips must be closed around a bite block on a cotton roll.

Question 15

Each of the following is an advantage of panoramic radiographs EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Panoramic radiographs are a simple procedure.
B) They are less likely to cause patient discomfort.
C) There is decreased image distortion.
D) There is a reduced radiation dose.

Question 16

Which of the following describes the correct head positioning for a panoramic radiograph?

A) Midsaggital plane parallel to the floor and ala-tragus line perpendicular to the floor
B) Frankfort plane and midsaggital plane perpendicular to the floor
C) Ala-tragus line parallel to the floor and Frankfort plane 5 degrees toward the floor
D) Frankfort plane parallel to the floor and midsaggital plane perpendicular to the floor

Question 17

Which of the following patient positioning errors would most likely result in a wide radiopaque image of the cervical vertebrae superimposed over the anterior teeth?

A) Chin tipped too far up
B) Not standing or sitting up straight
C) Not biting on the bite block
D) Necklace or napkin chain not removed

Question 18

What is the area between the x-ray source and the image receptor that will be recorded in relative detail on the resultant radiograph called?

A) Negative shadow
B) Ghost image
C) Focal trough
D) Rotational center

Question 19

The greatest limitation of panoramic radiographs is the inability to:

A) locate impacted teeth.
B) produce image sharpness.
C) assess growth and development.
D) detect caries in advanced stages.

Question 20

Each of the following statements regarding principles of panoramic radiography is correct EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) The patient stands or is seated in a stationary position.
B) The x-ray beam is directed toward the stationary cassette.
C) The x-ray tube head moves around the front of the patient.
D) The radiation beam passes through the patient toward the cassette.

Question 21

All panoramic images have between 10 and 30 percent image magnification.

Question 22

The patient should be instructed to rest the tongue against the palate during the exposure.

Question 23

The bite block is used to position the arches correctly in the forward-backward dimension of the focal trough.

Question 24

The nasopharyngeal air space is located between the tongue and the palate.

Question 25

A frown appearance to the arches will result when the patient's chin is positioned too high.

Question 26

Panoramic radiography is based on the principles of tomography.

Question 27

The technique used to show detailed images of structures located within a predetermined plane of tissue while eliminating or blurring those structures in the planes not selected is called "tomography."

Question 28

The genial tubercles appear on a panoramic radiograph as a radiopaque, donut-shaped circle surrounding the lingual foramen.

Question 29

Jewelry in the head and neck area will produce artifacts on the panoramic image.

Question 30

If the patient's chin is tipped up, the image appears as an exaggerated smile.

Question 31

The glossopharyngeal air space will appear on a panoramic radiograph as an open area posterior to the tongue, continuing into the oral-pharyngeal region.

Question 32

Ghost images and negative shadows enhance interpretation.

Question 33

The focal trough of all panoramic radiographic machines is three-dimensional.

Question 34

Most panoramic machines have wide focal troughs in the anterior region.

Question 35

The radiographer must be skilled at setting the correct size and shape of the focal trough to produce a diagnostic panoramic radiograph.

Question 36

Generally, the panoramic technique requires more operator time and more patient cooperation with the procedure than a full mouth series of radiographs.

Question 37

The x-ray tube head moves around the back of the patient while the cassette with image receptor moves around the front.

Question 38

Careful loading of a flexible plastic sleeve cassette must ensure that the film is completely seated within the intensifying screens.

Question 39

If the patient's head is rotated to the right in the focal trough, the teeth on the right appear magnified.

Question 40

A panoramic radiograph is often selected to identify caries.

Question 41

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a radiolucent, round opening on the body of the mandible, near the roots of the mandibular premolars?

Question 42

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a round, radiolucent opening in the temporal bone located anterior and superior of the mastoid process?

Question 43

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a radiolucent ovoid or round opening in the center of the ramus of the mandible?

Question 44

What happens to the radiographic image if intensifying screens and film are not in tight contact?

Question 45

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a pea-shaped, radiolucent opening in the bone located between the roots of the maxillary central incisors?

Question 46

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a radiolucent, tunnel-like passageway outlined by two thin radiopaque lines that extend from the mandibular foramen on the ramus to the mental foramen on the body of the mandible?

Question 47

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a long, narrow radiopaque spine that extends downward, from the inferior surface of the temporal bone, to just anterior to the mastoid process?

Question 48

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a thick radiopaque horizontal band superior to the maxillary teeth?

Question 49

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a concave, depressed area of the temporal bone located anterior to the external auditory meatus where the head of the mandibular condyle rests?

Question 50

What is the name of the anatomic landmark that appears on a panoramic image as a radiopaque, wing-like bony projection of the sphenoid bone located posterior to the maxillary tuberosity?