Deck 3: B: Ethics: the Basic Principles

Question 1

What does the ethical principle of "sharing benefits" mean?

A) all participants in the same study should receive an equal share of the benefits or subject payments
B) all those who belong to the population being studied will share equally from the benefits the study produces
C) the results of studies must be shared with the public so society may benefit from the increased knowledge
D) all groups involved in a study should eventually be given an opportunity to receive any treatments that were found to be effective in the study

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What is the role of professional organizations in promoting ethical standards in human research studies?

Answer 2

Not Answer

Question 3

Which is NOT a component of informed consent?

A) the purpose of the research
B) who you are
C) how the participant can get a copy of the records
D) a computer simulation of the data

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Discuss two of the general issues in ethical research behavior.

Question 5

Discuss the primary shortcomings of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and what ethical guidelines are in place now to prevent such ethical lapses in the future. Is it enough?

Question 6

What is the best definition of an institutional review board?

A) a group of people who make decisions regarding an institution's human resources
B) a group of people found in most public institutions and private agencies who render a judgment as to whether experiments carried out in their facilities are free from risk
C) a group of people who review the literature produced by researchers in their institution in order to keep an accounting of it
D) a group of people representing many different institutions who meet to review the current literature in their respective fields

Question 7

Forcing someone to participate in a study is an example of what ethical issue/concern?

A) protection from harm
B) maintenance of privacy
C) informed consent
D) coercion

Question 8

List 10 informational elements that should be present in an informed consent letter. Must the letter be signed by the participant?

Question 9

Because the usefulness of the information is so great, it is considered ethical to secretly record conversations between therapists and their clients.

A) True
B) False

Question 10

Which of the following information should be provided in an informed consent form for any study involving human participants?

A) the findings of the study
B) the number of participants the study plans to use
C) the procedures involved in the study
D) the names of other participants

Question 11

You can quote and analyze online information without asking for permission as long as the information is officially and publicly archived, not password protected and nothing on the site prohibits the use of this information.

A) True
B) False

Question 12

Distinguish between anonymity and confidentiality. Which is required for research to be considered ethical?

Question 13

When must a researcher be sure to debrief participants in an experiment?

A) debriefing cannot be done until the study is complete and has been published
B) debriefing must be done in experiments where one group of participants is asked to do something for a reason other than that which they are told
C) debriefing must occur when the null hypothesis is not upheld
D) debriefing must occur any time one does a case study

Question 14

Summarize the potential consequences for researchers who do not follow ethical guidelines.

Question 15

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is often used as an example of:

A) a groundbreaking study using Facebook
B) a study that did not take into account ethical considerations
C) a study guided by the ethical guidelines of the American Medical Association AMA)
D) a study that breached confidentiality of participants

Question 16

I will give an F in class to anyone who refuses to participate in my study. Students will take a five-point survey on what they ate today. Identify the problem and modify the experiment so that it is ethical.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT considered a basic principle of ethical behavior in research?

A) protection from harm
B) refraining from coercion
C) informed consent
D) a well-stated hypothesis