Deck 4: Basic Probability

Question 1

If two events are mutually exclusive,what is the probability that both occur at the same time?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Answer 1

0

Question 2

If two events are collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that both occur at the same time?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Answer 2

Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 3

If P(A or B)= 1,then A and B must be collectively exhaustive.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

If P(A and B)= 0,then A and B must be collectively exhaustive.

Question 5

If either A or B must occur they are called mutually exclusive.

Question 6

When A and B are mutually exclusive,P(A or B)can be found by adding P(A)and P(B).

Question 7

If either A or B must occur they are called collectively exhaustive.

Question 8

If P(A and B)= 1,then A and B must be collectively exhaustive.

Question 9

If A and B cannot occur at the same time they are called mutually exclusive.

Question 10

If two events are collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that one or the other occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 11

If P(A)= 0.4 and P(B)= 0.6,then A and B must be collectively exhaustive.

Question 12

If two events are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that both occur?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 13

If P(A and B)= 0,then A and B must be mutually exclusive.

Question 14

If two events are mutually exclusive,what is the probability that one or the other occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 15

If P(A)= 0.4 and P(B)= 0.6,then A and B must be mutually exclusive.

Question 16

A complement of an event B (B')includes all events not included in event B.

Question 17

Priori classical probability is based on observed data.

Question 18

If P(A and B)= 1,then A and B must be mutually exclusive.

Question 19

If P(A or B)= 1,then A and B must be mutually exclusive.

Question 20

The collection of all the possible events is called a sample space.

Question 21

If two equally likely events A and B are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that event A occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 22

Simple probability is also called

A)Bayes' theorem.
B)joint probability.
C)marginal probability.
D)conditional probability.

Question 23

If either event A or event B must occur,then events A and B are said to be

A)collectively exhaustive.
B)mutually exclusive.
C)statistically independent.
D)None of the above.

Question 24

If two equally likely events A and B are collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that event A occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 25

The employees of a company were surveyed on questions regarding their educational background and marital status.Of the 600 employees,400 had university degrees,100 were single,and 60 were single university graduates.The probability that an employee of the company is married and has a university degree is

A)340/600.
B)500/600.
C)400/600.
D)40/600.

Question 26

The collection of all possible events is called

A)a simple probability.
B)a sample space.
C)the null set.
D)a joint probability.

Question 27

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The events of "increase in house sales" and "increase in interest rates" in the next 6 months are

A)collectively exhaustive.
B)mutually exclusive.
C)statistically independent.
D)None of the above.

Question 28

A business venture can result in the following outcomes (with their corresponding chance of occurring in brackets): Highly Successful (10%),Successful (25%),Break Even (25%),Disappointing (20%),and Highly Disappointing (?).If these are the only outcomes possible for the business venture,what is the chance that the business venture will be considered Highly Disappointing?

A)20%
B)15%
C)10%
D)25%

Question 29

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The probability that both house sales and interest rates will increase during the next 6 months is

A)0.705.
B)0.90.
C)0.185.
D)0.10.

Question 30

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The probability that house sales will increase but interest rates will not increase during the next 6 months is

A)0.065.
B)0.51.
C)0.89.
D)0.15.

Question 31

A recent survey of banks revealed the following distribution for the interest rate being charged on a home loan (based on a 30-year mortgage with a 10% down payment). $$\begin{array} { | l | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Interest Rate } & 7.0 \% & 7.5 \% & 8.0 \% & 8.5 \% & > 8.5 \% \\\hline \text { Probability } & 0.12 & 0.23 & 0.24 & 0.35 & 0.06 \\\hline\end{array}$$ If a bank is selected at random from this distribution,what is the chance that the interest rate charged on a home loan will exceed 8.0%?

A)0.59
B)0.06
C)1.00
D)0.41

Question 32

The employees of a company were surveyed on questions regarding their educational background and marital status.Of the 600 employees,400 had university degrees,100 were single,and 60 were single university graduates.The probability that an employee of the company is single or has a university degree is

A)0.25.
B)0.667.
C)0.733.
D)0.10.

Question 33

If two events are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that one or the other occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 34

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The probability that neither house sales nor interest rates will increase during the next 6 months is

A)0.11.
B)0.90.
C)0.195.
D)0.89.

Question 35

The probability that house sales will increase in the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.25.The probability that the interest rates on housing loans will go up in the same period is estimated to be 0.74.The probability that house sales or interest rates will go up during the next 6 months is estimated to be 0.89.The events of "increase in house sales" and "no increase in house sales" in the next 6 months are

A)statistically independent.
B)collectively exhaustive.
C)mutually exclusive.
D)Both B and C.

Question 36

If events A and B are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive,what is the probability that event A occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 37

If two equally likely events A and B are mutually exclusive,what is the probability that event A occurs?

A)0
B)0.50
C)1.00
D)Cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 38

All the events in the sample space that are not part of the specified event are called

A)simple events.
B)the complement of the event.
C)the sample space.
D)joint events.

Question 39

The employees of a company were surveyed on questions regarding their educational background and marital status.Of the 600 employees,400 had university degrees,100 were single,and 60 were single university graduates.The probability that an employee of the company does not have a university degree is

A)0.33.
B)0.75.
C)0.67.
D)0.10.

Question 40

If event A and event B cannot occur at the same time,then events A and B are said to be

A)collectively exhaustive.
B)statistically independent.
C)mutually exclusive.
D)None of the above.

Question 41

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,what is the probability that a randomly selected student who went to a pub will do well on the exam?

A)30/100 or 30%
B)(100/200)* (110/200)or 27.50%
C)30/200 or 15%
D)30/110 or 27.27%

Question 42

The probability that a new advertising campaign will increase sales is estimated to be 0.80.The probability that the cost of developing the new ad campaign can be kept within the original budget allocation is 0.40.Assuming that the two events are independent,the probability that the cost is kept within budget or the campaign will increase sales is

A)0.68.
B)0.88.
C)0.32.
D)0.20.

Question 43

According to a survey of Australian households,the probability that the residents own 2 cars if annual household income is over $50,000 is 80%.Of the households surveyed,60% had incomes over $50,000 and 70% had 2 cars.The probability that the residents of a household do not own 2 cars and have an income over $50,000 a year is

A)0.12.
B)0.18.
C)0.22.
D)0.48.

Question 44

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,given that multiple vehicles were involved,what proportion of accidents involved alcohol?

A)120/230 or 52.17%
B)120/170 or 70.59%
C)120/325 or 36.92%
D)120/400 or 30%

Question 45

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,what is the probability that a randomly selected student did well on the exam and also went to a pub on the weekend before the exam?

A)30/200 or 15%
B)(30 + 70)/ 200 or 50%
C)(80 + 30 + 70)/ 200 or 90%
D)(80 + 30)/ 200 or 55%

Question 46

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,given alcohol was involved,what proportion of accidents involved a single vehicle?

A)120/400 or 30%
B)120/170 or 70.59%
C)50/170 or 29.41%
D)50/75 or 66.67%

Question 47

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,what proportion of accidents involved alcohol or a single vehicle?

A)245/400 or 61.25%
B)195/400 or 48.75%
C)50/400 or 12.5%
D)25/400 or 6.25%

Question 48

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,given that alcohol was not involved,what proportion of the accidents were single vehicle?

A)25/75 or 33.33%
B)50/170 or 29.41%
C)50/75 or 66.67%
D)25/230 or 10.87%

Question 49

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,given that alcohol was not involved,what proportion of the accidents were multiple vehicle?

A)50/170 or 29.41%
B)120/170 or 70.59%
C)25/230 or 10.87%
D)205/230 or 89.13%

Question 50

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,what is the probability that a randomly selected student did well on the exam or went to a pub on the weekend before the exam?

A)(80 + 30 + 70)/ 200 or 90%
B)30/200 or 15%
C)(80 + 30)/ 200 or 55%
D)(30 + 70)/ 200 or 50%

Question 51

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,what proportion of accidents involved more than one vehicle?

A)75/400 or 18.75%
B)325/400 or 81.25%
C)50/400 or 12.5%
D)275/400 or 68.75%

Question 52

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,the events "Did Well on Exam" and "Did Poorly on Exam" are

A)statistically dependent.
B)collective exhaustive.
C)mutually exclusive.
D)All of the above.

Question 53

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,what proportion of accidents involved alcohol and a single vehicle?

A)50/400 or 12.5%
B)195/400 or 48.75%
C)245/400 or 61.25%
D)25/400 or 6.25%

Question 54

According to a survey of Australian households,the probability that the residents own 2 cars if annual household income is over $50,000 is 80%.Of the households surveyed,60% had incomes over $50,000 and 70% had 2 cars.The probability that the residents of a household own 2 cars and have an income over $50,000 a year is

A)0.12.
B)0.18.
C)0.22.
D)0.48.

Question 55

A company has 2 machines that produce widgets.An older machine produces 23% defective widgets,while the new machine produces only 8% defective widgets.In addition,the new machine produces 3 times as many widgets as the older machine does.What is the probability that a randomly chosen widget produced by the company is defective?

A)0.1175
B)0.078
C)0.156
D)0.310

Question 56

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,the events "Did Well on Exam" and "Studying for Exam" are

A)not statistically dependent.
B)collective exhaustive.
C)not mutually exclusive.
D)None of the above.

Question 57

According to a survey of Australian households,the probability that the residents own 2 cars if annual household income is over $50,000 is 80%.Of the households surveyed,60% had incomes over $50,000 and 70% had 2 cars.The probability that the residents of a household own 2 cars and have an income less than or equal to $50,000 a year is

A)0.12.
B)0.18.
C)0.22.
D)0.48.

Question 58

The probability that a new advertising campaign will increase sales is estimated to be 0.80.The probability that the cost of developing the new ad campaign can be kept within the original budget allocation is 0.40.Assuming that the two events are independent,the probability that the cost is not kept within budget or the campaign will not increase sales is

A)0.12.
B)0.68.
C)0.32.
D)0.88.

Question 59

Instruction 4-1
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a very visible group whose main focus is to educate the public about the harm caused by drunk drivers.A study was recently done that emphasised the problem we all face with drinking and driving.Four hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed.Two items noted were the number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident.The numbers are shown below:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & { \text { Number of Vehicles involved } } & \\\hline \text { Did alcohol play a role? } & \mathbf { 1 } & \mathbf { 2 } & \mathbf { 3 } & \text { Totals } \\\hline \text { Yes } & 50 & 100 & 20 & 170 \\\hline \text { No } & 25 & 175 & 30 & 230 \\\hline \text { Totals } & 75 & 275 & 50 & 400 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-1,given that 3 vehicles were involved,what proportion of accidents involved alcohol?

A)20/170 or 11.77%
B)20/50 or 40%
C)20/400 or 5%
D)20/30 or 66.67%

Question 60

Instruction 4-2
An alcohol awareness task force at a large Australian university sampled 200 students after the final exam to ask them whether they went out to a pub on the weekend before the exam or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the exam.The following result was obtained.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Did Well on Exam } & \text { Did Poorly on Exam } \\\hline \text { Studying for Exam } & 80 & 20 \\\hline \text { Went to a pub } & 30 & 70 \\\hline\end{array}$$

-Referring to Instruction 4-2,the events "Did Well on Exam" and "Studying for Exam" are

A)statistically dependent.
B)collective exhaustive.
C)mutually exclusive.
D)None of the above.

Question 61

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,assume we know the person is a child.The probability that this individual prefers hamburgers is ________.

Question 62

You know that the probability of a randomly selected student will cheat on an exam is 1%.You also know that the probability of a randomly selected student will cheat on an exam knowing that his/her fellow classmate is cheating on the exam is also 1%.Which of the following is true about the event of "the randomly selected student cheating on an exam" and "his/her classmate is cheating on the exam"?

A)They are mutually exclusive.
B)They are independent.
C)They are collectively exhaustive.
D)None of the above.

Question 63

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,the probability that a randomly selected individual is an adult and prefers chicken is ________.

Question 64

The numerical value that represents the likelihood that a particular event will occur is its ________.

Question 65

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the probability a randomly selected patron is a female who prefers beer is ________.

Question 66

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the two events "preferring" beer and "preferring" wine are statistically independent.

Question 67

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,the probability that a randomly selected individual is an adult or a child is ________.

Question 68

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,assume we know that a person has ordered a hamburger.The probability that this individual is a child is ________.

Question 69

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the two events "liking" beer and being a male are statistically independent.

Question 70

The closing price of a company's stock tomorrow can be lower,higher or the same as today's closing price.Based on the closing price of the stock collected over the last month,25% of the days the closing price was higher than previous day's closing price,45% was lower than previous day's and 30% was the same as previous day's.Based on this information,the probability that tomorrow's closing price will be higher than today's is 25%.This is an example of using which of the following probability approach?

A)A priori probability.
B)Empirical probability.
C)Subjective probability.
D)Conditional probability.

Question 71

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,the probability that a randomly selected individual is a child and prefers chicken is ________.

Question 72

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the probability a randomly selected patron prefers wine is ________.

Question 73

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,assume we know that a person has ordered chicken.The probability that this individual is an adult is ________.

Question 74

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,the probability that a randomly selected individual is an adult is ________.

Question 75

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,suppose a randomly selected patron prefers wine.Then the probability the patron is a male is ________.

Question 76

The closing price of a company's stock tomorrow can be lower,higher or the same as today's closing price.After evaluating all the information available on the company's fundamentals and the economic environment,the probability that tomorrow's closing price will be higher than today's is determined to be 25%.This is an example of using which of the following probability approach?

A)A priori probability.
B)Empirical probability.
C)Subjective probability.
D)Conditional probability.

Question 77

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the probability a randomly selected patron is a female is ________.

Question 78

The closing price of a company's stock tomorrow can be lower,higher or the same as today's closing price.Without any prior information that may affect the price of the stock tomorrow,the probability that it will close higher than today's close is 1/3.This is an example of using which of the following probability approach?

A)A priori probability.
B)Empirical probability.
C)Subjective probability.
D)Conditional probability.

Question 79

Instruction 4-3
A survey is taken among customers of fast-food restaurants to determine preference for hamburgers or chicken.Of 200 respondents selected,75 were children and 125 were adults.120 preferred hamburgers and 80 preferred chicken.55 of the children preferred hamburgers.
Referring to Instruction 4-3,the probability that a randomly selected individual is a child or prefers hamburgers is ________.

Question 80

Instruction 4-4
Suppose that patrons of a restaurant were asked whether they preferred beer or whether they preferred wine.70% said that they preferred beer.60% of the patrons were male.80% of the males preferred beer.
Referring to Instruction 4-4,the probability a randomly selected patron is a female who prefers wine is ________.