Deck 1: Introduction and Data Collection

Question 1

A population is the totality of items or things under consideration.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The portion of the universe that has been selected for analysis is called

A)a parameter.
B)a frame.
C)a statistic.
D)a sample.

Answer 2

a sample.

Question 3

The universe or "totality of items or things" under consideration is called

A)a statistic.
B)a parameter.
C)a population.
D)a sample.

Answer 3

a population.

Question 4

The estimation of the population average family expenditure on food based on the sample average expenditure of 1,000 families is an example of

A)inferential statistics.
B)a statistic.
C)descriptive statistics.
D)a parameter.

Question 5

A summary measure that is computed to describe a characteristic from only a sample of the population is called

A)a census.
B)a parameter.
C)a statistic.
D)the scientific method.

Question 6

Compiling the number of registered voters who turned out to vote for the members of parliament in Victoria is an example of descriptive statistics.

Question 7

Those methods involving the collection,presentation,and characterisation of a set of data in order to properly describe the various features of that set of data are called

A)the scientific method.
B)sampling.
C)descriptive statistics.
D)statistical inference.

Question 8

In data collection,the most common technique to ensure proper representation of the population is to use a random sample.

Question 9

A statistic is usually used to provide an estimate for a usually unobserved parameter.

Question 10

A summary measure that is computed to describe a characteristic of an entire population is called

A)a statistic.
B)a census.
C)a parameter.
D)the scientific method.

Question 11

Managers need an understanding of statistics to be able to present and describe information accurately,draw conclusions about large populations based on small samples,improve processes,and make reliable forecasts.

Question 12

The collection and summarisation of the socioeconomic and physical characteristics of the employees of a particular firm is an example of

A)a parameter.
B)inferential statistics.
C)descriptive statistics.
D)a statistic.

Question 13

A professor computing the sample average exam score of 20 students and using it to estimate the average exam score for the 1,500 students taking the exam is an example of inferential statistics.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an element of descriptive statistical problems?

A)Identification of patterns in the data.
B)Tables,graphs,or numerical summary tools.
C)An inference made about the population based on the sample.
D)The population or sample of interest.

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely a population as opposed to a sample?

A)Registered voters in a state.
B)Every third person to arrive at the bank.
C)Respondents to a newspaper survey.
D)The first 5 students completing an assignment.

Question 16

Which of the following is most likely a parameter as opposed to a statistic?

A)The proportion of trucks stopped yesterday that were found to be unroadworthy.
B)The average height of people randomly selected from a database.
C)The proportion of females registered to vote in a state.
D)The average score of the first 5 students completing an assignment.

Question 17

A sample is the portion of the universe that is selected for analysis.

Question 18

A statistic is usually unobservable while a parameter is usually observable.

Question 19

The process of using sample statistics to draw conclusions about true population parameters is called

A)sampling.
B)the scientific method.
C)statistical inference.
D)descriptive statistics.

Question 20

Using the number of registered voters who turned out to vote for the primary in Victoria to predict the number of registered voters who will turn out to vote in Tasmania's primary is an example of descriptive statistics.

Question 21

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.The 500 employees who will participate in this study constitute the ________.

Question 22

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.Information obtained from the sample will be used to draw conclusions about the true population ________.

Question 23

The oranges grown on commercial farms in Victoria were damaged by some unknown fungi a few years ago.Suppose the manager of a large orchard wanted to study the impact of the fruit flies on the orange crops on a daily basis over a 6-week period.On each day a random sample of orange trees were selected from within a random sample of acres.The daily average number of damaged oranges per tree and the proportion of trees having damaged oranges were calculated.In this study,drawing conclusions on any one day about the true population characteristics based on information obtained from the sample is called ________.

Question 24

Most analysts focus on the cost of HECS fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.Identify the sample in the study.

A)All first-year University of Adelaide students.
B)The 250 students that were monitored.
C)All university students.
D)All University of Adelaide students.

Question 25

Researchers suspect that the average number of units passed per semester by university students is rising.A researcher at Brisbane University wishes to estimate the number of units passed by students during the second semester at Brisbane.To do so,he randomly selects 100 student transcripts and records the number of units each student passed in second semester.He found that the average number of semester units passed was 6.85 units per student.Identify the population of interest to the researcher.

A)All university students.
B)All Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.
C)All Brisbane University students.
D)All university students enrolled in second semester.

Question 26

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.In this study,methods that result in decisions concerning population characteristics based only on the sample results are called ________.

Question 27

The oranges grown on commercial farms in Victoria were damaged by some unknown fungi a few years ago.Suppose the manager of a large orchard wanted to study the impact of the fruit flies on the orange crops on a daily basis over a 6-week period.On each day a random sample of orange trees were selected from within a random sample of acres.The daily average number of damaged oranges per tree and the proportion of trees having damaged oranges were calculated.The two main measures calculated each day (i.e. ,average number of damaged oranges per tree and proportion of trees having damaged oranges)are called ________.

Question 28

The average number of units passed per semester by university students is suspected to be rising.A researcher at Brisbane University wishes to estimate the number of units passed by students during the second semester at Brisbane University.To do so,he randomly selects 100 student transcripts and records the number of units each student passed in second semester.Identify the variable of interest to the researcher.

A)The age of Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.
B)The number of students enrolled at Brisbane University during second semester.
C)The number of units passed by Brisbane University students during second semester.
D)The average indebtedness of Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.

Question 29

Most analysts focus on the cost of HECS fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.Identify the variable of interest to the researcher.

A)The cost of incidental expenses of University of Adelaide students.
B)The age of University of Adelaide students.
C)The textbook cost of first-year University of Adelaide students.
D)The year in school of University of Adelaide students.

Question 30

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.The Director will use the data from the sample to compute ________.

Question 31

Instruction 1-1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a DVD recorder made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1-1,the population of interest is

A)all the customers who have ever bought a DVD player made by the company.
B)all the customers who have bought a DVD player made by the company over the past 12 months.
C)all the customers who have used a DVD player over the past 12 months.
D)all the customers who have bought a DVD player made by the company and brought it in for repair over the past 12 months.

Question 32

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.Identify the population from which the study was sampled.

A)All Mountain Ash gum trees,of any age,in the park.
B)The 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees in the park.
C)All the mature Mountain Ash gum trees taller than 60 metres.
D)The 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees.

Question 33

The oranges grown on commercial farms in Victoria were damaged by some unknown fungi a few years ago.Suppose the manager of a large orchard wanted to study the impact of the fruit flies on the orange crops on a daily basis over a 6-week period.On each day a random sample of orange trees were selected from within a random sample of acres.The daily average number of damaged oranges per tree and the proportion of trees having damaged oranges were calculated.The two main measures calculated each day (i.e. ,average number of damaged oranges per tree and proportion of trees having damaged oranges)may be used on a daily basis to estimate the respective true population ________.

Question 34

Most analysts focus on the cost of HECS fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.Identify the population of interest to the researcher.

A)All first-year University of Adelaide students.
B)All University of Adelaide students.
C)All university students.
D)The 250 students that were monitored.

Question 35

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.Identify the sample in the study.

A)The 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees.
B)All the mature Mountain Ash gum trees taller than 60 metres.
C)All Mountain Ash gum trees,of any age,in the park.
D)The 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees in the park.

Question 36

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.Identify the variable of interest in the study.

A)The age of a Mountain Ash gum tree in the Otway National Park.
B)The height of a Mountain Ash gum tree in the Otway National Park.
C)The species of trees in the Otway National Park.
D)The number of Mountain Ash gum trees in the Otway National Park.

Question 37

The Quality Assurance Department of a large urban hospital is attempting to monitor and evaluate patient satisfaction with hospital services.Prior to discharge,a random sample of patients is asked to fill out a questionnaire to rate such services as medical care,nursing,therapy,laboratory,food,and cleaning.The Quality Assurance Department prepares weekly reports that are presented at the Board of Directors meetings and extraordinary/atypical ratings are easy to flag.Values computed from the sample results each week are called ________.

Question 38

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.All the employees in the corporation constitute the ________.

Question 39

The oranges grown on commercial farms in Victoria were damaged by some unknown fungi a few years ago.Suppose the manager of a large orchard wanted to study the impact of the fruit flies on the orange crops on a daily basis over a 6-week period.On each day a random sample of orange trees were selected from within a random sample of acres.The daily average number of damaged oranges per tree and the proportion of trees having damaged oranges were calculated.In this study,the presentation and characterisation of the two main measures calculated each day (i.e. ,average number of damaged oranges per tree and proportion of trees having damaged oranges)is called ________.

Question 40

The Human Resources Director of a large corporation wishes to develop an employee benefits package and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for the various components of a potential package.In this study,methods involving the collection,presentation,and characterisation of the data are called ________.

Question 41

Which of the 4 methods of data collection is involved when a person counts the number of cars passing designated locations on the Melbourne CityLink freeway system?

A)Data distributed by an organisation or an individual.
B)A designed experiment.
C)A survey.
D)An observational study.

Question 42

The Quality Assurance Department of a large urban hospital is attempting to monitor and evaluate patient satisfaction with hospital services.Prior to discharge,a random sample of patients is asked to fill out a questionnaire to rate such services as medical care,nursing,therapy,laboratory,food,and cleaning.The Quality Assurance Department prepares weekly reports that are presented at the Board of Directors meetings and extraordinary/atypical ratings are easy to flag.True population characteristics estimated from the sample results each week are called ________.

Question 43

The possible responses to the question "How long have you been living at your current residence?" are values from a continuous variable.

Question 44

Data collected and distributed by the Australia Bureau of Statistics to be used for analysis by an organisation or individual can be classified as primary data.

Question 45

A statistics student found a reference in the campus library that contained the median family incomes for all Australian states and territories.She would report her data as being collected using

A)a designed experiment.
B)a published source.
C)a random sample.
D)observational data.

Question 46

One of the "big four" Australian banks is conducting research in order to understand the banking needs of Australian residents.Using data collected by the Australian Bureau of Statistics is an example of a ________ source.

Question 47

Tim was planning for a meeting with his boss to discuss a raise in his annual salary.In preparation,he wanted to use the Consumer Price Index to determine the percentage increase in his real (inflation-adjusted)salary over the last three years.Which of the 4 methods of data collection was involved when he used the Consumer Price Index?

A)Data distributed by an organisation or an individual.
B)A designed experiment.
C)A survey.
D)An observational study.

Question 48

The Department of Health in Western Australia wanted to study malpractice litigation in Western Australia.A sample of 31,000 medical records was drawn from a population of 850,000 patients who were discharged during the year 2011.The true proportion of malpractice claims filed from the population of 850,000 patients is a ________.

Question 49

The Department of Health in Western Australia wanted to study malpractice litigation in Western Australia.A sample of 31,000 medical records was drawn from a population of 850,000 patients who were discharged during the year 2011.The collection,presentation,and characterisation of the data from patient medical records are examples of ________.

Question 50

A continuous variable may take on any value within its relevant range even though the measurement device may not be precise enough to record it.

Question 51

The possible responses to the question "How many times in the past three months have you visited a city park?" are values from a discrete variable.

Question 52

The Department of Health in Western Australia wanted to study malpractice litigation in Western Australia.A sample of 31,000 medical records was drawn from a population of 850,000 patients who were discharged during the year 2011.Using the information obtained from the sample to predict population characteristics with respect to malpractice litigation is an example of ________.

Question 53

A marketing research firm,in conducting a comparative taste test,provided three types of peanut butter to a sample of households randomly selected within the state.Which of the 4 methods of data collection is involved when people are asked to compare the three types of peanut butter?

A)Data distributed by an organisation or an individual.
B)A designed experiment.
C)A survey.
D)An observational study.

Question 54

One of the "big four" Australian banks is conducting research in order to understand the banking needs of Australian residents.Another option is to collect data using focus groups which is an example of ________ research.

Question 55

A potential investor wants to determine which firms within which industries are likely to have experienced growth in a period of economic recovery.He accessed information from an Internet
Site to capture the average performance figures of firms from various industries.Which of the four
Methods of data collection was he using?

A)Data distributed by an organisation or an individual.
B)A designed experiment.
C)A survey.
D)An observational study.

Question 56

Problems may arise when statistically unsophisticated users who do not understand the assumptions behind the statistical procedures or their limitations are misled by results obtained from computer software.

Question 57

A marketing research analyst needs to assess the effectiveness of a new television advertisement.To collect appropriate data,she has provided a questionnaire instrument that can be answered electronically.Which of the 4 methods of data collection is she using?

A)Data distributed by an organisation or an individual.
B)A survey.
C)A designed experiment.
D)An observational study.

Question 58

A study attempted to estimate the proportion of Queensland residents who were willing to spend more tax dollars on protecting the beaches from environmental disasters.Twenty-five hundred Queensland residents were surveyed.What type of data collection procedure was most likely used to collect the data for this study?

A)A designed experiment.
B)A random sample.
C)Observational data.
D)A published source.

Question 59

The Department of Health in Western Australia wanted to study malpractice litigation in Western Australia.A sample of 31,000 medical records was drawn from a population of 850,000 patients who were discharged during the year 2011.The proportion of malpractice claims filed from the sample of 31,000 patients is a ________.

Question 60

The personnel director at a large company studied the eating habits of the company's employees.The director noted whether employees brought their own lunches to work,ate at the company cafeteria,or went out to lunch.The goal of the study was to improve the food service at the company cafeteria.This type of data collection would best be considered as

A)a designed experiment.
B)an observational study.
C)a quota sample.
D)a random sample.

Question 61

The quality ("terrible","poor","fair","acceptable","very good" and "excellent")of a day care centre is an example of a numerical variable.

Question 62

The number of defective apples in a single box is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 63

The grade level (1-12)of a student is an example of a numerical variable.

Question 64

The answer to the question "How do you rate the quality of your business statistics course?" is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 65

The amount of coffee consumed by an individual in a day is an example of a discrete numerical variable.

Question 66

Student grades (A to D)are an example of continuous numerical data.

Question 67

The answer to the question "What is your favourite colour?" is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 68

Marital status is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 69

The amount of alcohol consumed by a person per week is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 70

The number of defective apples in a single box will be measured on an interval scale.

Question 71

The answer to the question "How many hours on average do you spend watching TV every week?" is an example of a discrete variable.

Question 72

The type of TV one owns is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 73

Whether a university student is a full-fee student or a HECS student is an example of a categorical variable.

Question 74

Faculty rank (professor to associate lecturer)is an example of discrete numerical data.

Question 75

The quality ("terrible","poor","fair","acceptable","very good" and "excellent")of a day care centre is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 76

The amount of alcohol consumed by a person per week will be measured on an interval scale.

Question 77

The answer to the question "What is your sleeping bag temperature rating?" is an example of a categorical variable.

Question 78

The grade level (1-12)of a student is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 79

Whether a university student is a full-fee student or a HECS student is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 80

Marital status is an example of a numerical variable.