Deck 15: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

The cognitive model of explaining the causes of abnormal behaviour is similar to the ________ approach.

A)humanistic
B)mystical
C)systems
D)learning/behavioural

Answer 1

learning/behavioural

Question 2

Thinking in a self-defeating,illogical,and unrealistic manner causes abnormal behaviour,according to the _______ model.

A)humanistic
B)systems
C)learning
D)psychoanalytic

Answer 2

learning

Question 3

The cognitive model suggests that abnormal behaviour results from _______.

A)unconscious conflicts
B)biochemical imbalances
C)faulty reinforcement
D)conscious mental processes

Answer 3

conscious mental processes

Question 4

The psychoanalytic approach to psychological disorders was developed by:

A)Szasz.
B)Maslow.
C)Skinner.
D)Freud.

Question 5

The _______ approach to psychological disorders stresses that events occurring in childhood can lead to unresolved conflicts.

A)learning
B)developmental
C)psychoanalytic
D)medical

Question 6

The _______ approach to psychological disorders suggests that we learn abnormal behaviours just as we learn other behaviours.

A)cognitive
B)rational
C)motivation
D)learning

Question 7

The behavioural model suggests that abnormal behaviour is the result of _______.

A)learning
B)biology
C)unconscious conflicts
D)biochemical imbalances

Question 8

With which perspective on mental disorder is John Watson associated?

A)behavioural
B)biomedical
C)psychodynamic
D)sociological

Question 9

Which perspective was first used to explain abnormal behaviour?

A)mystical
B)mythical
C)medical
D)psychoanalytic

Question 10

The _______ approach to psychological disorders was developed by Sigmund Freud.

A)psychoanalytic
B)learning
C)cognitive
D)systems

Question 11

According to the cognitive model of psychological disorders,maladaptive behaviour is produced by:

A)learning.
B)a malfunction in sensory input.
C)physical problems.
D)irrational beliefs or attitudes.

Question 12

The learning approach to psychological disorders suggests that:

A)abnormal behaviour is learned just like normal behaviours.
B)what is learned cannot be unlearned.
C)abnormal behaviour is a product of hereditary predisposition.
D)successful treatment of abnormal behaviour is based on identifying its original cause.

Question 13

The _____ model asserts that cases of phobia are very likely to occur when fear of being punished is shifted from some threatening object to some logically unrelated object.

A)humanistic-existential
B)biological
C)cognitive
D)psychoanalytic

Question 14

Although most psychologists take into account all of the definitions of abnormal behaviour,many give SPECIAL attention to which of the following considerations?

A)maladjustment and personal distress dimensions
B)the issue of control
C)statistical definition
D)cultural definition

Question 15

The learning approach to psychological disorders suggests that:

A)we learn abnormal behaviours just as we learn other behaviours.
B)what is learned cannot be unlearned.
C)we must find the cause of a disorder before it can be treated.
D)none of the above

Question 16

Modern attempts to classify psychological disorders date back to ____________.

A)Sigmund Freud
B)Aristotle
C)Emil Kraepelin
D)the humanistic movement

Question 17

The biological model holds that abnormal behaviour is related to ___________.

A)hereditary factors
B)learning
C)unconscious conflicts
D)cognitive processes

Question 18

The _______ approach to psychological disorders explains mental illness in much the same way that we today explain physical illnesses.

A)mystical
B)medical
C)learning
D)systems

Question 19

The psychoanalytic approach to psychological disorders stresses the importance of:

A)stimulus-response patterns.
B)present settings.
C)unresolved conflicts resulting from early childhood.
D)psychopathological systems.

Question 20

The _______ approach to explaining psychological disorders stresses that events during childhood can lead to unresolved conflicts that manifest themselves as abnormal behaviour.

A)mythical
B)medical
C)learning
D)psychoanalytic

Question 21

DSM-IV-TR defines mental disorders according to ______.

A)significant behaviour patterns
B)family histories
C)various theoretical approaches
D)causes of disruptive behaviour patterns

Question 22

Dave's wife suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his crippling fear of heights.The doctor suggests that Dave's phobia is a learned disorder that can be unlearned with proper treatment.This view is typical of the _______ model of abnormality.

A)biological
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)psychoanalytic

Question 23

Someone with "stage fright" might have a(n):

A)particular phobia.
B)environmental phobia.
C)specific phobia.
D)social phobia.

Question 24

The latest version of the classification system used by psychologists is:

A)DSM-II.
B)DSM-III.
C)DSM-IV-TR.
D)DSM-IV.

Question 25

DSM-IV-TR classifies people along five axes and _____ disorders.

A)interprets
B)speculates on causes of
C)describes symptoms of
D)prescribes treatment for

Question 26

It seems to Joanna that every time her son Daniel eats foods containing chemical dyes or additives,he gets into trouble or acts irrationally.When Joanna mentions this to her pediatrician,the doctor tells Joanna that Daniel's behaviour fits the _______ model of abnormality.

A)psychoanalytic
B)biological
C)intrapersonal
D)behavioural

Question 27

Your aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations.She would be diagnosed with:

A)agoraphobia.
B)ailurophobia.
C)cynophobia.
D)specific phobia.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about DSM-IV-TR is NOT true?

A)It was developed by the American Psychiatric Association.
B)It does not require extensive training to use it.
C)The system is difficult to grasp.
D)It says little about causes of disorders.

Question 29

The DSM-I was first introduced in _________.

A)1942
B)1952
C)1962
D)1972

Question 30

Phobias,obsessive-compulsive disorder,and post-traumatic stress disorder are all types of __________ disorders.

A)psychosomatic
B)somatoform
C)anxiety
D)dissociative

Question 31

The DSM-IV-TR identifies dissociative identity disorder as:

A)panic disorder.
B)dissociative disorder.
C)dissociative fugue.
D)schizophrenia.

Question 32

A person who is constantly "on edge" and always apprehensive most likely suffers from:

A)phobic disorder.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 33

Dave's wife suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his inability to cope with criticism.The doctor suggests that Dave's problem represents an unresolved internal conflict that has its roots in Dave's childhood.This view is typical of the _______ model of abnormality.

A)biological
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)psychoanalytic

Question 34

DSM-IV-TR is most helpful because:

A)it includes treatments for each disorder.
B)it allows the practitioner to determine the cause of the disorder.
C)it allows disorders to be classified on five separate dimensions.
D)a disorder can be determined with questionnaire data.

Question 35

DSM-IV-TR was designed to provide a complete list of _______.

A)treatment models
B)health providers
C)mental disorders
D)innate predispositions

Question 36

Dave's mother suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his crippling feelings of inferiority.The doctor suggests that Dave's problem stems from internal processes such as unrealistic expectancies and negative thinking.This view is typical of the _______ model of abnormality.

A)biological
B)cognitive
C)behavioural
D)psychoanalytic

Question 37

Axis 4 of the DSM-IV-TR attempts to rate the individual's level of __________.

A)global assessment of functioning
B)stress
C)"normality"
D)life functioning (social)

Question 38

Edith's strange behaviour has led her daughter,Anne,to consider institutionalizing her.Edith's mother and grandmother were both institutionalized in their lifetimes and Anne has already sought psychiatric help.Edith's strange behaviour BEST fits the _______ model of abnormality.

A)psychoanalytic
B)biological
C)intrapersonal
D)behavioural

Question 39

June often experiences episodes during which her heart rate accelerates by more than 50 beats per minute despite encountering no emergency.June suffers from:

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)acrophobia.
D)panic disorder.

Question 40

The DSM-IV-TR contains __________ axes.

A)2
B)4
C)5
D)6

Question 41

In an obsessive-compulsive reaction,the _______ is the thought and the _______ is the action carrying out the thought.

A)compulsion; obsession
B)obsession; compulsion
C)compulsion; panic
D)obsession; anxiety

Question 42

Destruction of one's home or community is MOST likely to result in which of the following?

A)PTSD
B)a phobia
C)a panic disorder
D)an obsession

Question 43

Acts that "must be done" are called:

A)compulsions.
B)obsessions.
C)motor impulses.
D)preservative impulses.

Question 44

Harry has an intense,irrational fear of being in public places.He is probably suffering from __________.

A)conversion reaction
B)learned helplessness
C)paranoia
D)agoraphobia

Question 45

Which of the following is TRUE of phobics?

A)They are below average in intelligence.
B)Men are more likely to suffer from phobias than women.
C)Phobics usually do not recognize the irrationality of their fear.
D)Women are more likely to suffer from phobias than men.

Question 46

A recurring irrational thought that cannot be controlled or banished from one's mind is called a(n)_______.

A)phobia
B)obsession
C)hypnagogic image
D)compulsion

Question 47

Anxiety disorders run in families and are twice as common in _______ as in _______.

A)males; females
B)females; males
C)adolescents; young adults
D)male adolescents; female adolescents

Question 48

Which of the following statements about post-traumatic stress disorder is NOT true?

A)There are recurrent dreams and nightmares.
B)It is confined to Vietnam War veterans.
C)Common feelings are pain,guilt,and fear.
D)Concentration is impaired.

Question 49

An irrational fear of an object or event is called a(n):

A)phobia.
B)compulsion.
C)panic.
D)obsession.

Question 50

Obsessions and compulsions:

A)appear to be based on very different psychodynamics.
B)always occur together.
C)often occur together.
D)rarely occur together.

Question 51

Involuntary ideas that keep recurring despite the person's efforts to stop them are called __________.

A)compulsions
B)obsessions
C)impulses
D)panic attacks

Question 52

Thoughts that repeatedly intrude into consciousness against one's will are called:

A)compulsions.
B)loose associations.
C)neologisms.
D)obsessions.

Question 53

An obsession is:

A)a recurring irrational thought that you cannot put out of your mind.
B)a behaviour that you cannot control.
C)an inability to control your emotions.
D)both a and b

Question 54

Allen is in a constant state of dread.He has trouble sleeping,feels tense,and cannot concentrate.Allen will likely be diagnosed as having which anxiety disorder?

A)phobia
B)generalized anxiety
C)panic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 55

Sudden,paralyzing episodes of fear describe which type of anxiety disorder?

A)phobia
B)generalized anxiety
C)panic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 56

A compulsion is:

A)a recurring irrational thought that you cannot put out of your mind.
B)a behaviour that you cannot control.
C)an inability to express your emotions.
D)all of the above

Question 57

A(n)_________ is an irrational behaviour that you cannot control.

A)compulsion
B)obsession
C)regression
D)depression

Question 58

Ritualistic behaviour is associated with which of the following disorders?

A)anxiety
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)somatoform
D)conversion

Question 59

An overwhelming desire to set fires is called a(n):

A)obsession.
B)phobia.
C)compulsion.
D)somatoform.

Question 60

Re-experiencing a traumatic event long after the event occurred is associated with _______ disorder.

A)generalized anxiety
B)panic
C)phobic
D)post-traumatic stress

Question 61

A young boy is attacked by a large dog.He is now terribly afraid of all large dogs.His phobia of dogs is BEST explained by ________ theory.

A)behaviour
B)psychoanalytic
C)psychobiological
D)humanistic

Question 62

Last month Pam was giddy,impulsive,and talkative; this month she is sad,silent,and almost motionless.What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?

A)severe depression
B)anxiety disorder
C)somatoform disorder
D)bipolar disorder

Question 63

Disorders characterized by disturbances in a person's prolonged emotional state are known as __________ disorders.

A)mood
B)dissociative
C)somatoform
D)conversion

Question 64

If a person's comments and behaviours suggest that he or she might be thinking about suicide,asking direct questions about suicide:

A)will only put ideas in the person's head.
B)should be done only by professionals.
C)should be followed by a call to a suicide prevention centre if the answers raise more concern about suicide.
D)will usually prevent suicide.

Question 65

While Sid is sitting at his desk at work,an image of harming his young son pops into his mind.Each time this occurs,he touches all four corners of his desk in a particular order.Sid probably suffers from:

A)generalized anxiety disorder.
B)agoraphobia.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)panic disorder.

Question 66

Feeling fearful but not knowing why is characteristic of _________.

A)phobias
B)anxiety disorders
C)dissociative neurosis
D)amnesia

Question 67

A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between:

A)depression and mania.
B)depression and schizophrenia.
C)mania and schizophrenia.
D)anxiety and mania.

Question 68

John's behaviour appears normal,then he becomes depressed and hyperactivity follows.He would likely be diagnosed as having which disorder?

A)mania
B)schizophrenia
C)bipolar
D)depressive

Question 69

Abnormally high energy level,distractibility,increased sex drive,and positive self-image are MOST associated with which of the following disorders?

A)schizophrenia
B)mania
C)depression
D)bipolar

Question 70

An episode of intense sadness that may last for several months is called __________.

A)bipolar disorder
B)hypomania
C)major depressive disorder
D)dysthymia

Question 71

Most psychoanalytic theorists believe that anxiety disorders are the result of ____________.

A)unconscious conflict
B)learned helplessness
C)lack of reinforcement
D)primary drives

Question 72

An intense,paralyzing fear of a specific object,person,situation,or thing in the absence of any real danger is a _______.

A)panic disorder
B)phobic disorder
C)conversion reaction
D)compulsive disorder

Question 73

A repetitive,ritualistic behaviour that a person feels driven to perform is called a(n)________.

A)compulsion
B)obsession
C)impulse
D)delusion

Question 74

An affective disorder that includes both depression and mania is known as __________ disorder.

A)bipolar
B)dual process
C)histrionic
D)obsessive-compulsive

Question 75

Harry has an intense,irrational fear of being in public places.He is probably suffering from ________.

A)agoraphobia
B)paranoia
C)learned helplessness
D)conversion reaction

Question 76

Which of the following people is most likely to commit suicide?

A)an elderly white male
B)an adolescent white male
C)an elderly African-American male
D)an adolescent African-American male

Question 77

Darcy is sitting at her desk in her office one day when,without warning,she is overcome by feelings of intense fear,losing control of herself.Her terror is so great that all she can do is sit at her desk shaking and crying.Nothing she was doing at the time would seem to have caused such an episode.Her symptoms most resemble _______.

A)phobic disorder
B)post-traumatic stress
C)panic attack
D)affective disorder

Question 78

The clearest examples of anxiety disorders are _______.

A)compulsions
B)phobias
C)panic attacks
D)obsessions

Question 79

Learned helplessness is a possible explanation for which disorder?

A)dissociative
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)depression
D)anxiety

Question 80

Arlene has an intense,irrational fear of flying in airplanes.She is probably suffering from a _______.

A)somatoform disorder
B)neurotic depression
C)phobic disorder
D)conversion reaction